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• How do I connect two GIFs to play one after another in Python ?

  9 novembre 2022, par Andrew

  If I have two GIFs, GIF 1 being 10 seconds long and GIF 2 being 5 seconds long, is there a way to connect them so the final GIF is a total of 15 seconds long ?

  


  Would I have to loop through each frame of both the GIFs with imageio.mimread() and output, once all the frames are read in memory ?

  


  Or is there another way by knowing the start and end times and shifting it ?

  


  Edit :
The solution presented by FirefoxMetzger is extremely Pythonic, ideal if you do not wish to install other software / packages like gifsicle.

  


  import imageio.v3 as iio
import numpy as np

frames = np.vstack([
    iio.imread("imageio1.gif"),
    iio.imread("imageio2.gif"),
])

# get duration each frame is displayed
iio.imwrite("imageio_combined.gif", frames)


  


  This completes in 15.6 seconds for two GIFs, each containing 100 frames.

  


  However, if runtime is important, I recommend gifsicle :

  


  gifsicle(
    sources=["imageio1.gif", "imageio2.gif"], # or just omit it and will use the first source provided.
    destination="imageio3.gif",
    options=["--optimize=2", "--threads=2", "--no-conserve-memory"]
)


  


  This completes in 4.8 seconds, which is three times as fast.

  


• FFMPEG command runs forever even on using timelimit

  21 décembre 2017, par t6nand

  Mostly I use a java code to run FFMPEG bash commands for watermarking a logo on video. I am using the following FFmpeg command to overlay an image on video. I have observed that at times for some random videos, the process keeps on running even after the timelimit assigned to it expires. At times it’s more than a day or couple of days until not directly killed using kill -9 pid :

  ffmpeg -timelimit 900 -y -i
  input_video
  -i logoImage -filter_complex "[0:v]scale=trunc(iw/2)*2:trunc(ih/2)*2[even] ;[1:v][even]scale2ref=iw*0.25 :(iw*0.25)*(0.46446702)[2nd][ref] ;[ref][2nd]overlay=(main_w-overlay_w) :(main_h-overlay_h)"
  -c:v libx264 -b:v 300K -crf 28 -preset slow outputVideo

  But this command never completes even on using -timelimit flag at times for some videos.

  I have observed that for such processes output from ps aux|grep ffmpeg yeilds in something like :

  ubuntu 16620 0.6 6.7 1595044 515392 ? Sl Dec20 12:05
  ffmpeg -timelimit 900 -y -i
  input_video
  -i logoImage -filter_complex "[0:v]scale=trunc(iw/2)*2:trunc(ih/2)*2[even] ;[1:v][even]scale2ref=iw*0.25 :(iw*0.25)*(0.46446702)[2nd][ref] ;[ref][2nd]overlay=(main_w-overlay_w) :(main_h-overlay_h)"
  -c:v libx264 -b:v 300K -crf 28 -preset slow outputVideo

  It indicates that this process is in interruptible sleep state i.e. waiting for an event to complete. On using sudo strace -p 16620 to trace which system call is this process hung up on it results in something like :

  Process 16620 attached write(2, "frame= 4121 fps= 10 q=33.0 size="...,
  99

  i.e. it’s stuck writing to a file.

  What could be the reason for this problem ?
  And is there any other way to kill FFMPEG process which overshoots desired time limit ?

• How to fix scrambled output

  26 janvier 2020, par Krishnakumar

  I am seeing the following scrambled output for a live stream when processing an udp input stream. I am using the recently downloaded ffmpeg from GIT. Stop and Start of ffmpeg command resolves the issues temporarily.

  Scrambled Out

  Sample Logs :

      Sun Jan 26 03:52:00 2020 ffmpeg version N-94528-gfaa9cd3 Copyright (c) 2000-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  
  Sun Jan 26 03:52:00 2020   built with gcc 4.8.5 (GCC) 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)
  
  Sun Jan 26 03:52:00 2020   configuration: --prefix=/root/ffmpeg_build --pkg-config-flags=--static --extra-cflags=-I/root/ffmpeg_build/include --extra-ldflags=-L/root/ffmpeg_build/lib --extra-libs=-lpthread --extra-libs=-lm --bindir=/root/bin --enable-gpl --enable-libfdk_aac --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-nonfree --enable-openssl
  
  Sun Jan 26 03:52:00 2020   libavutil      56. 33.100 / 56. 33.100
  
  Sun Jan 26 03:52:00 2020   libavcodec     58. 55.100 / 58. 55.100
  
  Sun Jan 26 03:52:00 2020   libavformat    58. 30.100 / 58. 30.100
  
  Sun Jan 26 03:52:00 2020   libavdevice    58.  9.100 / 58.  9.100
  
  Sun Jan 26 03:52:00 2020   libavfilter     7. 58.100 /  7. 58.100
  
  Sun Jan 26 03:52:00 2020   libswscale      5.  6.100 /  5.  6.100
  
  Sun Jan 26 03:52:00 2020   libswresample   3.  6.100 /  3.  6.100
  
  Sun Jan 26 03:52:00 2020   libpostproc    55.  6.100 / 55.  6.100
  
  
  
  
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:46 2020 [h264 @ 0x4d988c0] illegal short term buffer state detected
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:46 2020 [h264 @ 0x4e54f80] reference picture missing during reorder
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:46 2020     Last message repeated 1 times
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:46 2020 [h264 @ 0x4e54f80] Missing reference picture, default is 56257016
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:46 2020     Last message repeated 1 times
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:46 2020 [h264 @ 0x4cc2e00] mmco: unref short failure
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:46 2020 [h264 @ 0x594f4c0] illegal short term buffer state detected
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:46 2020 [h264 @ 0x4f66800] reference picture missing during reorder
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:46 2020 [h264 @ 0x4f66800] Missing reference picture, default is 56257692
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:46 2020 [h264 @ 0x4c75a00] mmco: unref short failure
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:46 2020 [h264 @ 0x4d988c0] illegal short term buffer state detected
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4e54f80] reference picture missing during reorder
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020     Last message repeated 1 times
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4e54f80] Missing reference picture, default is 56257032
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020     Last message repeated 1 times
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4cc16c0] reference picture missing during reorder
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4cc16c0] Missing reference picture, default is 56257700
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4cc2e00] mmco: unref short failure
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x594f4c0] illegal short term buffer state detected
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 udp://230.1.1.2:12000?fifo_size=5000000&overrun_nonfatal=1: corrupt decoded frame in stream 3
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4f66800] reference picture missing during reorder
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4f66800] Missing reference picture, default is 56257708
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4c75a00] mmco: unref short failure
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4d988c0] illegal short term buffer state detected
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4e54f80] reference picture missing during reorder
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020     Last message repeated 1 times
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4e54f80] Missing reference picture, default is 56257048
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020     Last message repeated 1 times
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4cc16c0] reference picture missing during reorder
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4cc16c0] Missing reference picture, default is 56257716
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x4cc2e00] mmco: unref short failure
  
  Sun Jan 26 04:02:47 2020 [h264 @ 0x594f4c0] illegal short term buffer state detected