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• Problem with invalid metadata of a FLAC file

  14 novembre 2022, par Florian Saurwein

  i need to upload audio files (mainly WAV/FLAC) to an API. I validate these files by checking the output of ffprobe.
I have a media file at hand that seemingly fulfills all requirements of the API (Sample rate, bitrate, etc.) but has one anomaly that probably causes the rejection. (It plays fine though) The file looks like this :

  


  $ ffprobe sample.flac 
ffprobe version 4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 Copyright (c) 2007-2020 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-10ubuntu2)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=1ubuntu0.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --arch=amd64 --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --disable-filter=resample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libjack --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librsvg --enable-librubberband --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-lv2 --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opencl --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-nvenc --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  libavutil      56. 31.100 / 56. 31.100
  libavcodec     58. 54.100 / 58. 54.100
  libavformat    58. 29.100 / 58. 29.100
  libavdevice    58.  8.100 / 58.  8.100
  libavfilter     7. 57.100 /  7. 57.100
  libavresample   4.  0.  0 /  4.  0.  0
  libswscale      5.  5.100 /  5.  5.100
  libswresample   3.  5.100 /  3.  5.100
  libpostproc    55.  5.100 / 55.  5.100
Input #0, flac, from 'sample.flac':
  Metadata:
    ENCODER         : Easy CD-DA Extractor (http://www.poikosoft.com)
  Duration: 00:04:42.31, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 572 kb/s
    Stream #0:0: Audio: flac, 44100 Hz, stereo, s16


  


  Notice that the Metadata states, that the encoder is Easy CD-DA Extractor (http://www.poikosoft.com), however, running ffmpeg -i sample.flac -map_metadata -1 -c:a copy sample-out.flac and running ffprobe again, the actual encoder turns out to be Lavf58.29.100.

  


  $ ffprobe sample-out.flac
ffprobe version 4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 Copyright (c) 2007-2020 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 9 (Ubuntu 9.3.0-10ubuntu2)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=1ubuntu0.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --arch=amd64 --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --disable-filter=resample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libjack --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librsvg --enable-librubberband --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-lv2 --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opencl --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-nvenc --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  libavutil      56. 31.100 / 56. 31.100
  libavcodec     58. 54.100 / 58. 54.100
  libavformat    58. 29.100 / 58. 29.100
  libavdevice    58.  8.100 / 58.  8.100
  libavfilter     7. 57.100 /  7. 57.100
  libavresample   4.  0.  0 /  4.  0.  0
  libswscale      5.  5.100 /  5.  5.100
  libswresample   3.  5.100 /  3.  5.100
  libpostproc    55.  5.100 / 55.  5.100
Input #0, flac, from 'sample-out.flac':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf58.29.100
  Duration: 00:04:42.31, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 572 kb/s
    Stream #0:0: Audio: flac, 44100 Hz, stereo, s16


  


  Now obviously, this is caused by this weird converter software, that encodes these files and puts the wrong encoder in the file's metadata.
Now I have some questions :

  


  

  • Is this a required specification of flac files to include the encoder in the file metadata ? Because the API documentation does not state anywhere if the metadata encoder has to match the actual encoder of the audio stream or what codecs are actually allowed.

  


  • How do I go about detecting such anomalies ? Because currently, I have to copy the file with ffmpeg, check the encoder of the copied file. This process takes unnecessary compute resources.

  


  


  Best regards,
Florian

  


• I tried to play the audio on Alexa skill from my S3 Bucket, from the test tab, **it show but in fact, I can't hear any sound

  19 avril 2022, par Siti Mayna

  So I tried to play the audio on Alexa skill from my S3 Bucket, from the test tab, it show but in fact, I can't hear any sound. Another fact is, that I tried to use the sample audio from https://developer.amazon.com/en-US/docs/alexa/custom-skills/ask-soundlibrary.html and it is worked, but why it won't work when it comes from my own S3 Bucket ?

  


  Notes :

  


  I've tried to test the skill using my mobile phone also.

  


  I've tried to encode the audio using FFmpeg.

  


  I've tried to use Jovo to convert the audio. https://v3.jovo.tech/audio-converter

  


  I don't know how to fix this error.

  


  There is no error message on cloud watch.

  


  Assumptions :
There is some problem related to the audio resources or there is more set to play audio from S3 Bucket since the sample audio is working.

  


  Steps to reproduce :

  


  


  Build the interaction model

  


  


  


  Encode the audio to make it Alexa skill friendly (fulfill the requirements, like sample rate, etc), I used and tried all of these :

  


  


  A :

  


  ffmpeg -i  -ac 2 -codec:a libmp3lame -b:a 48k -ar 16000 -write_xing 0 


  


  B :

  


  ffmpeg -i  -ac 2 -codec:a libmp3lame -b:a 48k -ar 24000 -write_xing 0 


  


  C :

  


  ffmpeg -y -i input.mp3 -ar 16000 -ab 48k -codec:a libmp3lame -ac 1 output.mp3


  


  


  Upload the audio resources on S3Bucket
Audio sample on s3 storage but none of them are produce any sounds

  


  


  


  Use the link and insert it to APLA.json

  


  


  
    {
      "type": "APLA",
      "version": "0.91",
      "description": "Simple document that generates speech",
      "mainTemplate": {
        "parameters": [
          "payload"
        ],
        "type": "Sequencer",
        "items": [
          {
            "type": "Audio",
            "source": "https://72578561-d9d8-47b4-811c-cafbcbc5ddb9-us-east-1.s3.amazonaws.com/Media/one-small-step-alexa-24.mp3"
          }
        ]
      }
    }



  


  notes : I change the link sources based on audio that I tried.

  


  


  the intent on lambda_function.py :

  


  


  def _load_apl_document(file_path):
    # type: (str) -> Dict[str, Any]
    """Load the apl json document at the path into a dict object."""
    with open(file_path) as f:
        return json.load(f)

class LaunchRequestHandler(AbstractRequestHandler):
    """Handler for Skill Launch."""
    def can_handle(self, handler_input):
        # type: (HandlerInput) -> bool

        return ask_utils.is_request_type("LaunchRequest")(handler_input)

    def handle(self, handler_input):
        # type: (HandlerInput) -> Response
        logger.info("In LaunchRequestHandler")

        # type: (HandlerInput) -> Response
        speak_output = "Hello World!"
        # .ask("add a reprompt if you want to keep the session open for the user to respond")

        return (
            handler_input.response_builder
                #.speak(speak_output)
                .add_directive(
                        RenderDocumentDirective(
                            token="pagerToken",
                            document=_load_apl_document("APLA.json"),
                            datasources={}
                        )
                    )
                .response
        )


  


  


  Deploy

  


  


  


  Test it

  


  


  


  The result of the test on my end :

The response for testing

  


  


  the JSON response :

  


  {
    "body": {
        "version": "1.0",
        "response": {
            "directives": [
                {
                    "type": "Alexa.Presentation.APLA.RenderDocument",
                    "token": "pagerToken",
                    "document": {
                        "type": "APLA",
                        "version": "0.91",
                        "description": "Simple document that generates speech",
                        "mainTemplate": {
                            "parameters": [
                                "payload"
                            ],
                            "type": "Sequencer",
                            "items": [
                                {
                                    "type": "Audio",
                                    "source": "https://72578561-d9d8-47b4-811c-cafbcbc5ddb9-us-east-1.s3.amazonaws.com/Media/one-small-step-alexa-24.mp3"
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                    },
                    "datasources": {}
                }
            ],
            "type": "_DEFAULT_RESPONSE"
        },
        "sessionAttributes": {},
        "userAgent": "ask-python/1.16.1 Python/3.7.12"
    }
}


  


  


  On my cloud Watch :
Cloud Watch

  


  


• FileNotFoundError : [Errno 2] No such file or directory : 'ffprobe' heroku

  23 avril 2022, par yesha

  I download the application to heroku, it crashes with the error FileNotFoundError : [Errno 2] No such file or directory : 'ffprobe'. I've tried everything already, I can't figure out how to solve the problem

  


  import json
import os
import random
import requests
from pydub import AudioSegment
 
def get_audio(pathes):
    AudioSegment.converter = "ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg.exe"
    AudioSegment.ffmpeg = "ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg.exe"
    AudioSegment.ffprobe = "ffmpeg/bin/ffprobe.exe"
    result_sound = AudioSegment.empty()
    for path in pathes:
        little_sound = AudioSegment.from_mp3(path)
        result_sound += little_sound
        result_sound.export(os.getcwd() + "\\result_audio.mp3", format="mp3")


def get_audio_url():
    url = "http://httpbin.org/post"
    file_path = os.getcwd() + "\\result_audio.mp3"
    response = requests.post(url, files={"audio": open(file_path, 'rb')})
    json_response = response.json()
    audio = json_response['files']['audio']
    return audio


  


  requirements :

  


  anyio==3.5.0
asgiref==3.5.0
certifi==2021.10.8
charset-normalizer==2.0.12
click==8.0.3
colorama==0.4.4
coverage==6.3.2
Django==4.0.4
dnspython==2.2.1
email-validator==1.1.3
ffprobe-python==1.0.3
Flask==2.0.2
gunicorn==20.1.0
h11==0.12.0
httpcore==0.13.7
httpx==0.18.2
idna==3.3
itsdangerous==2.0.1
Jinja2==3.0.3
MarkupSafe==2.0.1
pydantic==1.9.0
pydub==0.25.1
python-dateutil==2.8.2
pytz==2021.3
pyuploadcare==3.0.0
requests==2.27.1
rfc3986==1.5.0
six==1.16.0
sniffio==1.2.0
sqlparse==0.4.2
typing-extensions==3.10.0.2
tzdata==2022.1
urllib3==1.26.9
Werkzeug==2.0.3

ffprobe~=0.5


  


  Procfile :
web : gunicorn app:app