Sur d’autres sites (11863)

• Encode iOS compatible h264 audio stream with FFMPEG

  11 octobre 2014, par beamformer

  I am using FFMPEG with Python to encode a low bit rate version of videos that I import. I would like the output to be playable on several devices, including Roku and iOS. This link states that Apple supports H264 High profile, level 4.1 and MP3 audio.

  ffmpeg -preset veryslow -y -profile:v high -level 4.0 -movflags +faststart -codec:a libmp3lame -qscale:a 2 -s 1280x720 out.mp4

  The resulting videos play fine in an HTML5 browser on a computer. However, on the iPhone the video appears but the audio stream does not play. Is there an issue with the mp3 settings ?

  From ffprobe :

  [STREAM]
  
  index=1
  
  codec_name=mp3
  
  codec_long_name=MP3 (MPEG audio layer 3)
  
  profile=unknown
  
  codec_type=audio
  
  codec_time_base=1/44100
  
  codec_tag_string=mp4a
  
  codec_tag=0x6134706d
  
  sample_fmt=s16p
  
  sample_rate=44100
  
  channels=1
  
  channel_layout=mono
  
  bits_per_sample=0
  
  id=N/A
  
  r_frame_rate=0/0
  
  avg_frame_rate=0/0
  
  time_base=1/44100
  
  start_pts=-1105
  
  start_time=-0.025057
  
  duration_ts=2321489
  
  duration=52.641474
  
  bit_rate=94949
  
  max_bit_rate=N/A
  
  bits_per_raw_sample=N/A
  
  nb_frames=2016
  
  nb_read_frames=N/A
  
  nb_read_packets=N/A
  
  DISPOSITION:default=1
  
  DISPOSITION:dub=0
  
  DISPOSITION:original=0
  
  DISPOSITION:comment=0
  
  DISPOSITION:lyrics=0
  
  DISPOSITION:karaoke=0
  
  DISPOSITION:forced=0
  
  DISPOSITION:hearing_impaired=0
  
  DISPOSITION:visual_impaired=0
  
  DISPOSITION:clean_effects=0
  
  DISPOSITION:attached_pic=0
  
  TAG:language=und
  
  TAG:handler_name=SoundHandler
  
  [/STREAM]

  I tried using AAC, but did not get good results with the native FFMPEG encoder

• Safari sends excessive HTTP range requests during HTML5 MOV playback

  28 mai, par Lucy

  I am currently developing a web application based on React and Next.js, and I use the react-player library to play user-uploaded videos stored on AWS S3. The supported upload video formats are mp4, mov, and mkv, with codecs including H.264 or H.265 (HEVC).

  


  Problem

  


  However, some H.264 videos in the mov format exhibit noticeably poor playback performance only in the Safari browser. The videos do not play smoothly and frequently experience stuttering or delays.

  


  How Safari Handles Range Requests (As I Understand It) :

  


  

  1. Safari first sends a normal GET request to check if the server supports Range requests. If the server responds with the header Accept-Ranges : bytes, Safari closes the connection.

  


  2. Then, Safari sends a very small range request like Range : bytes=0-1 to confirm it receives a 206 Partial Content response.

  


  3. Next, Safari requests some parts from the beginning and the end of the file to locate metadata such as the moov atom in MP4 files.

  


  4. After that, actual streaming begins, but Safari does not request the entire file at once ; instead, it divides the needed parts into multiple small Range requests.

  


  


  Example of Actual Problematic Requests

  


  Below are some of the Range requests Safari makes for the problematic .mov video (H.264 codec) :

  


  # Request - 1
Connection: keep-alive
Range: bytes=0-1

# Response
HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Disposition: attachment;filename*=utf-8''test.mov
Content-Length: 2
Content-Range: bytes 0-1/102801747
Content-Type: video/quicktime

-------------------------------------
# Request - 2
Connection: Keep-Alive
Range: bytes=0-102801746

# Response
HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Disposition: attachment;filename*=utf-8''test.mov
Content-Length: 102801747
Content-Range: bytes 0-102801746/102801747
Content-Type: video/quicktime

-------------------------------------
# Request - 3
Connection: Keep-Alive
Range: bytes=102760448-102801746

# Response - 3
HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Disposition: attachment;filename*=utf-8''test.mov
Content-Length: 41299
Content-Range: bytes 102760448-102801746/102801747
Content-Type: video/quicktime

-------------------------------------
# Request - 4
Connection: keep-alive
Range: bytes=3014656-3080191 # 64KB

# Response - 4
HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Disposition: attachment;filename*=utf-8''IMG_7929.mov
Content-Length: 65536
Content-Range: bytes 3014656-3080191/102801747
Content-Type: video/quicktime


  


  Safari continues to send hundreds of similar small Range requests repeatedly, gradually downloading the file.

  


  This causes increased network load, which ultimately leads to video stuttering or playback delays.

  


  Example of another .mov file that works properly :

  


  In contrast, another .mov video using the same format and codec (H.264) sends Range requests over much larger byte ranges, downloading about 30MB of data at once. In this case, the video plays smoothly.

  


  # Request 
Connection: Keep-Alive
Range: bytes=1310534-673918954 # Request : 672MB, Actual Downloaded : 32MB

# Response
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Disposition: attachment;filename*=utf-8''mov-example-video-download-4k-uhd-3840x2160.mov
Content-Length: 672608421
Content-Range: bytes 1310534-673918954/673918955
Content-Type: video/quicktime


  


  Question

  


  In Safari, for certain video files, the browser repeatedly closes the connection after receiving only a few kilobytes per request and immediately sends the next request. As a result, dozens or even hundreds of small range requests occur consecutively. This causes increased connection overhead and latency, and although the web server can deliver data at sufficient speed, the player does not receive data in time, leading to poor and stuttering video playback.

  


  

  1. What could be the reason Safari repeatedly makes these very small requests for certain files ?

  


  2. Could the internal structure of the video file (such as the moov atom) influence this request pattern ?

  


  


  f you have any similar experience or advice, please share.

  


  What I'ved tried

  


  

  • Using ffmpeg to move the moov atom to the beginning of the file with -movflags faststart does not resolve the issue — the same problem persists.

  


  • Converting the exact same video to MP4 format and testing it results in normal playback without issues.

  


  


  Test Environment

  


  

  • Macbook pro 16

  


  • mac OS - Sequoia 15.5

  


  • Safari - Latest

  


  


  File information

  


  Due to company policy, I am unable to share the problematic video files directly. However, I am attaching the file information obtained via ffprobe for your reference.

  


  ffprobe -v error -show_format -show_streams -print_format json test.mov

{
    "streams": [
        {
            "index": 0,
            "codec_name": "h264",
            "codec_long_name": "H.264 / AVC / MPEG-4 AVC / MPEG-4 part 10",
            "profile": "High",
            "codec_type": "video",
            "codec_tag_string": "avc1",
            "codec_tag": "0x31637661",
            "width": 3840,
            "height": 2160,
            "coded_width": 3840,
            "coded_height": 2160,
            "closed_captions": 0,
            "film_grain": 0,
            "has_b_frames": 0,
            "pix_fmt": "yuv420p",
            "level": 51,
            "color_range": "tv",
            "color_space": "bt709",
            "color_transfer": "bt709",
            "color_primaries": "bt709",
            "chroma_location": "left",
            "field_order": "progressive",
            "refs": 1,
            "is_avc": "true",
            "nal_length_size": "4",
            "id": "0x1",
            "r_frame_rate": "30000/1001",
            "avg_frame_rate": "18200/607",
            "time_base": "1/600",
            "start_pts": 0,
            "start_time": "0.000000",
            "duration_ts": 10925,
            "duration": "18.208333",
            "bit_rate": "44900923",
            "bits_per_raw_sample": "8",
            "nb_frames": "546",
            "extradata_size": 158,
            "disposition": {
                "default": 1,
                "dub": 0,
                "original": 0,
                "comment": 0,
                "lyrics": 0,
                "karaoke": 0,
                "forced": 0,
                "hearing_impaired": 0,
                "visual_impaired": 0,
                "clean_effects": 0,
                "attached_pic": 0,
                "timed_thumbnails": 0,
                "non_diegetic": 0,
                "captions": 0,
                "descriptions": 0,
                "metadata": 0,
                "dependent": 0,
                "still_image": 0,
                "multilayer": 0
            },
            "tags": {
                "creation_time": "",
                "language": "und",
                "handler_name": "Core Media Video",
                "vendor_id": "[0][0][0][0]",
                "encoder": "H.264"
            }
        },
        {
            "index": 1,
            "codec_name": "aac",
            "codec_long_name": "AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)",
            "profile": "LC",
            "codec_type": "audio",
            "codec_tag_string": "mp4a",
            "codec_tag": "0x6134706d",
            "sample_fmt": "fltp",
            "sample_rate": "44100",
            "channels": 2,
            "channel_layout": "stereo",
            "bits_per_sample": 0,
            "initial_padding": 0,
            "id": "0x2",
            "r_frame_rate": "0/0",
            "avg_frame_rate": "0/0",
            "time_base": "1/44100",
            "start_pts": 0,
            "start_time": "0.000000",
            "duration_ts": 802988,
            "duration": "18.208345",
            "bit_rate": "187218",
            "nb_frames": "787",
            "extradata_size": 2,
            "disposition": {
                "default": 1,
                "dub": 0,
                "original": 0,
                "comment": 0,
                "lyrics": 0,
                "karaoke": 0,
                "forced": 0,
                "hearing_impaired": 0,
                "visual_impaired": 0,
                "clean_effects": 0,
                "attached_pic": 0,
                "timed_thumbnails": 0,
                "non_diegetic": 0,
                "captions": 0,
                "descriptions": 0,
                "metadata": 0,
                "dependent": 0,
                "still_image": 0,
                "multilayer": 0
            },
            "tags": {
                "creation_time": "",
                "language": "und",
                "handler_name": "Core Media Audio",
                "vendor_id": "[0][0][0][0]"
            }
        },
        {
            "index": 2,
            "codec_type": "data",
            "codec_tag_string": "mebx",
            "codec_tag": "0x7862656d",
            "id": "0x3",
            "r_frame_rate": "0/0",
            "avg_frame_rate": "0/0",
            "time_base": "1/600",
            "start_pts": 0,
            "start_time": "0.000000",
            "duration_ts": 10925,
            "duration": "18.208333",
            "bit_rate": "4",
            "nb_frames": "1",
            "disposition": {
                "default": 1,
                "dub": 0,
                "original": 0,
                "comment": 0,
                "lyrics": 0,
                "karaoke": 0,
                "forced": 0,
                "hearing_impaired": 0,
                "visual_impaired": 0,
                "clean_effects": 0,
                "attached_pic": 0,
                "timed_thumbnails": 0,
                "non_diegetic": 0,
                "captions": 0,
                "descriptions": 0,
                "metadata": 0,
                "dependent": 0,
                "still_image": 0,
                "multilayer": 0
            },
            "tags": {
                "creation_time": "",
                "language": "und",
                "handler_name": "Core Media Metadata"
            }
        },
        {
            "index": 3,
            "codec_type": "data",
            "codec_tag_string": "mebx",
            "codec_tag": "0x7862656d",
            "id": "0x4",
            "r_frame_rate": "0/0",
            "avg_frame_rate": "0/0",
            "time_base": "1/600",
            "start_pts": 0,
            "start_time": "0.000000",
            "duration_ts": 10925,
            "duration": "18.208333",
            "bit_rate": "6756",
            "nb_frames": "80",
            "disposition": {
                "default": 1,
                "dub": 0,
                "original": 0,
                "comment": 0,
                "lyrics": 0,
                "karaoke": 0,
                "forced": 0,
                "hearing_impaired": 0,
                "visual_impaired": 0,
                "clean_effects": 0,
                "attached_pic": 0,
                "timed_thumbnails": 0,
                "non_diegetic": 0,
                "captions": 0,
                "descriptions": 0,
                "metadata": 0,
                "dependent": 0,
                "still_image": 0,
                "multilayer": 0
            },
            "tags": {
                "creation_time": "",
                "language": "und",
                "handler_name": "Core Media Metadata"
            }
        },
        {
            "index": 4,
            "codec_type": "data",
            "codec_tag_string": "mebx",
            "codec_tag": "0x7862656d",
            "id": "0x5",
            "r_frame_rate": "0/0",
            "avg_frame_rate": "0/0",
            "time_base": "1/600",
            "start_pts": 0,
            "start_time": "0.000000",
            "duration_ts": 10925,
            "duration": "18.208333",
            "bit_rate": "50764",
            "nb_frames": "546",
            "disposition": {
                "default": 1,
                "dub": 0,
                "original": 0,
                "comment": 0,
                "lyrics": 0,
                "karaoke": 0,
                "forced": 0,
                "hearing_impaired": 0,
                "visual_impaired": 0,
                "clean_effects": 0,
                "attached_pic": 0,
                "timed_thumbnails": 0,
                "non_diegetic": 0,
                "captions": 0,
                "descriptions": 0,
                "metadata": 0,
                "dependent": 0,
                "still_image": 0,
                "multilayer": 0
            },
            "tags": {
                "creation_time": "",
                "language": "und",
                "handler_name": "Core Media Metadata"
            }
        },
        {
            "index": 5,
            "codec_type": "data",
            "codec_tag_string": "mebx",
            "codec_tag": "0x7862656d",
            "id": "0x6",
            "r_frame_rate": "0/0",
            "avg_frame_rate": "0/0",
            "time_base": "1/600",
            "start_pts": 0,
            "start_time": "0.000000",
            "duration_ts": 10925,
            "duration": "18.208333",
            "bit_rate": "19",
            "nb_frames": "1",
            "disposition": {
                "default": 1,
                "dub": 0,
                "original": 0,
                "comment": 0,
                "lyrics": 0,
                "karaoke": 0,
                "forced": 0,
                "hearing_impaired": 0,
                "visual_impaired": 0,
                "clean_effects": 0,
                "attached_pic": 0,
                "timed_thumbnails": 0,
                "non_diegetic": 0,
                "captions": 0,
                "descriptions": 0,
                "metadata": 0,
                "dependent": 0,
                "still_image": 0,
                "multilayer": 0
            },
            "tags": {
                "creation_time": "",
                "language": "und",
                "handler_name": "Core Media Metadata"
            }
        }
    ],
    "format": {
        "filename": "test.mov",
        "nb_streams": 6,
        "nb_programs": 0,
        "nb_stream_groups": 0,
        "format_name": "mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2",
        "format_long_name": "QuickTime / MOV",
        "start_time": "0.000000",
        "duration": "18.208345",
        "size": "102801747",
        "bit_rate": "45166871",
        "probe_score": 100,
        "tags": {
            "major_brand": "qt  ",
            "minor_version": "0",
            "compatible_brands": "qt  ",
            "creation_time": "",
            "com.apple.quicktime.location.accuracy.horizontal": "76.200233",
            "com.apple.quicktime.full-frame-rate-playback-intent": "0",
            "com.apple.quicktime.location.ISO6709": "",
            "com.apple.quicktime.make": "Apple",
            "com.apple.quicktime.model": "iPhone 15 Pro",
            "com.apple.quicktime.software": "18.4.1",
            "com.apple.quicktime.creationdate": ""
        }
    }
}


  


• Use FFmpeg concat two video, is output video level mistake ?

  27 février, par 哇哈哈

  video1
{
    "index": 0,
    "codec_name": "hevc",
    "codec_long_name": "H.265 / HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding)",
    "profile": "Main",
    "codec_type": "video",
    "codec_tag_string": "hev1",
    "codec_tag": "0x31766568",
    "width": 1920,
    "height": 1080,
    "coded_width": 1920,
    "coded_height": 1080,
    "has_b_frames": 2,
    "sample_aspect_ratio": "1:1",
    "display_aspect_ratio": "16:9",
    "pix_fmt": "yuv420p",
    "level": 120,
    "color_range": "tv",
    "chroma_location": "left",
    "field_order": "progressive",
    "refs": 1,
    "view_ids_available": "",
    "view_pos_available": "",
    "id": "0x1",
    "r_frame_rate": "30/1",
    "avg_frame_rate": "30/1",
    "time_base": "1/15360",
    "start_pts": 0,
    "start_time": "0.000000",
    "duration_ts": 200192,
    "duration": "13.033333",
    "bit_rate": "10794613",
    "nb_frames": "391",
    "extradata_size": 2496,
    "disposition": {
        "default": 1,
        "dub": 0,
        "original": 0,
        "comment": 0,
        "lyrics": 0,
        "karaoke": 0,
        "forced": 0,
        "hearing_impaired": 0,
        "visual_impaired": 0,
        "clean_effects": 0,
        "attached_pic": 0,
        "timed_thumbnails": 0,
        "non_diegetic": 0,
        "captions": 0,
        "descriptions": 0,
        "metadata": 0,
        "dependent": 0,
        "still_image": 0,
        "multilayer": 0
    },
    "tags": {
        "language": "eng",
        "handler_name": "VideoHandler",
        "vendor_id": "[0][0][0][0]",
        "encoder": "Lavc61.33.100 libx265",
        "timecode": "00:00:00;00"
    }
}

video2 
{
    "index": 0,
    "codec_name": "hevc",
    "codec_long_name": "H.265 / HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding)",
    "profile": "Main",
    "codec_type": "video",
    "codec_tag_string": "hev1",
    "codec_tag": "0x31766568",
    "width": 1920,
    "height": 1080,
    "coded_width": 1920,
    "coded_height": 1080,
    "has_b_frames": 2,
    "sample_aspect_ratio": "1:1",
    "display_aspect_ratio": "16:9",
    "pix_fmt": "yuv420p",
    "level": 120,
    "color_range": "tv",
    "chroma_location": "left",
    "field_order": "progressive",
    "refs": 1,
    "view_ids_available": "",
    "view_pos_available": "",
    "id": "0x1",
    "r_frame_rate": "25/1",
    "avg_frame_rate": "25/1",
    "time_base": "1/12800",
    "start_pts": 0,
    "start_time": "0.000000",
    "duration_ts": 1309696,
    "duration": "102.320000",
    "bit_rate": "1024122",
    "nb_frames": "2558",
    "extradata_size": 2496,
    "disposition": {
        "default": 1,
        "dub": 0,
        "original": 0,
        "comment": 0,
        "lyrics": 0,
        "karaoke": 0,
        "forced": 0,
        "hearing_impaired": 0,
        "visual_impaired": 0,
        "clean_effects": 0,
        "attached_pic": 0,
        "timed_thumbnails": 0,
        "non_diegetic": 0,
        "captions": 0,
        "descriptions": 0,
        "metadata": 0,
        "dependent": 0,
        "still_image": 0,
        "multilayer": 0
    },
    "tags": {
        "language": "und",
        "handler_name": "VideoHandler",
        "vendor_id": "[0][0][0][0]",
        "encoder": "Lavc61.33.100 libx265"
    }
}

out:
{
    "index": 0,
    "codec_name": "hevc",
    "codec_long_name": "H.265 / HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding)",
    "profile": "Main",
    "codec_type": "video",
    "codec_tag_string": "hev1",
    "codec_tag": "0x31766568",
    "width": 1920,
    "height": 1080,
    "coded_width": 1920,
    "coded_height": 1080,
    "has_b_frames": 2,
    "sample_aspect_ratio": "1:1",
    "display_aspect_ratio": "16:9",
    "pix_fmt": "yuv420p",
    "level": 186,
    "color_range": "tv",
    "chroma_location": "left",
    "field_order": "progressive",
    "refs": 1,
    "view_ids_available": "",
    "view_pos_available": "",
    "id": "0x1",
    "r_frame_rate": "30/1",
    "avg_frame_rate": "147450/5767",
    "time_base": "1/1000000",
    "start_pts": 0,
    "start_time": "0.000000",
    "duration_ts": 115340000,
    "duration": "115.340000",
    "bit_rate": "1060604",
    "nb_frames": "2949",
    "extradata_size": 2500,
    "disposition": {
        "default": 1,
        "dub": 0,
        "original": 0,
        "comment": 0,
        "lyrics": 0,
        "karaoke": 0,
        "forced": 0,
        "hearing_impaired": 0,
        "visual_impaired": 0,
        "clean_effects": 0,
        "attached_pic": 0,
        "timed_thumbnails": 0,
        "non_diegetic": 0,
        "captions": 0,
        "descriptions": 0,
        "metadata": 0,
        "dependent": 0,
        "still_image": 0,
        "multilayer": 0
    },
    "tags": {
        "language": "und",
        "handler_name": "VideoHandler",
        "vendor_id": "[0][0][0][0]",
        "encoder": "Lavc61.33.100 libx265"
    }
}


  


  output video level is 6.2 ? i wiki level refer to fps resolusion or bitrate,but not suit this output video.
0。0 ! Could Someone HELP me ?

  


  ffmpeg -i .\HEVC_1080p_30P_yellowtree.mp4 -i .\HEVC_1080p_24fps_happy.mp4 -filter_complex "[0:v][1:v]concat=n=2:v=1:a=0[outv]" -map "[outv]" -c:v libx265 concat_output.mp4

  


  ffmpeg version N-118448-g43be8d0728-20250209 Copyright (c) 2000-2025 the FFmpeg developers
built with gcc 14.2.0 (crosstool-NG 1.26.0.120_4d36f27)
configuration : —prefix=/ffbuild/prefix —pkg-config-flags=—static —pkg-config=pkg-config —cross-prefix=x86_64-w64-mingw32- —arch=x86_64 —target-os=mingw32 —enable-gpl —enable-version3 —disable-debug —enable-shared —disable-static —disable-w32threads —enable-pthreads —enable-iconv —enable-zlib —enable-libfreetype —enable-libfribidi —enable-gmp —enable-libxml2 —enable-lzma —enable-fontconfig —enable-libharfbuzz —enable-libvorbis —enable-opencl —disable-libpulse —enable-libvmaf —disable-libxcb —disable-xlib —enable-amf —enable-libaom —enable-libaribb24 —enable-avisynth —enable-chromaprint —enable-libdav1d —enable-libdavs2 —enable-libdvdread —enable-libdvdnav —disable-libfdk-aac —enable-ffnvcodec —enable-cuda-llvm —enable-frei0r —enable-libgme —enable-libkvazaar —enable-libaribcaption —enable-libass —enable-libbluray —enable-libjxl —enable-libmp3lame —enable-libopus —enable-librist —enable-libssh —enable-libtheora —enable-libvpx —enable-libwebp —enable-libzmq —enable-lv2 —enable-libvpl —enable-openal —enable-libopencore-amrnb —enable-libopencore-amrwb —enable-libopenh264 —enable-libopenjpeg —enable-libopenmpt —enable-librav1e —enable-librubberband —enable-schannel —enable-sdl2 —enable-libsnappy —enable-libsoxr —enable-libsrt —enable-libsvtav1 —enable-libtwolame —enable-libuavs3d —disable-libdrm —enable-vaapi —enable-libvidstab —enable-vulkan —enable-libshaderc —enable-libplacebo —disable-libvvenc —enable-libx264 —enable-libx265 —enable-libxavs2 —enable-libxvid —enable-libzimg —enable-libzvbi —extra-cflags=-DLIBTWOLAME_STATIC —extra-cxxflags= —extra-libs=-lgomp —extra-ldflags=-pthread —extra-ldexeflags= —cc=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc —cxx=x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++ —ar=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc-ar —ranlib=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc-ranlib —nm=x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc-nm —extra-version=20250209
libavutil 59. 56.100 / 59. 56.100
libavcodec 61. 33.100 / 61. 33.100
libavformat 61. 9.107 / 61. 9.107
libavdevice 61. 4.100 / 61. 4.100
libavfilter 10. 9.100 / 10. 9.100
libswscale 8. 13.100 / 8. 13.100
libswresample 5. 4.100 / 5. 4.100
libpostproc 58. 4.100 / 58. 4.100