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Sur d’autres sites (9392)
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FFMPEG Output File is Empty Nothing was Encoded (for a Picture) ?
4 mars 2023, par Sarah SzaboI have a strange issue effecting one of my programs that does bulk media conversions using ffmpeg from the command line, however this effects me using it directly from the shell as well :


ffmpeg -i INPUT.mkv -ss 0:30 -y -qscale:v 2 -frames:v 1 -f image2 -huffman optimal "OUTPUT.png"
fails every run with the error message :
Output file is empty, nothing was encoded (check -ss / -t / -frames parameters if used)

This only happens with very specific videos, and seemingly no other videos. File type is usually .webm. These files have been downloaded properly (usually from yt-dlp), and I have tried re-downloading them just to verify their integrity.


One such file from a colleague was : https://www.dropbox.com/s/xkucr2z5ra1p2oh/Triggerheart%20Execlica%20OST%20%28Arrange%29%20-%20Crueltear%20Ending.mkv?dl=0


Is there a subtle issue with the command string ?


Notes :


removing
-huffman optimalhad no effect

moving
-ssto before-ihad no effect

removing
-f image2 had no effect

Full Log :


sarah@MidnightStarSign:~/Music/Playlists/Indexing/Indexing Temp$ ffmpeg -i Triggerheart\ Execlica\ OST\ \(Arrange\)\ -\ Crueltear\ Ending.mkv -ss 0:30 -y -qscale:v 2 -frames:v 1 -f image2 -huffman optimal "TEST.png"
ffmpeg version n5.1.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2022 the FFmpeg developers
 built with gcc 12.2.0 (GCC)
 configuration: --prefix=/usr --disable-debug --disable-static --disable-stripping --enable-amf --enable-avisynth --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-lto --enable-fontconfig --enable-gmp --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-ladspa --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdrm --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgsm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-libjack --enable-libmfx --enable-libmodplug --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore_amrnb --enable-libopencore_amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librav1e --enable-librsvg --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libtheora --enable-libv4l2 --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxcb --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzimg --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-opencl --enable-opengl --enable-shared --enable-version3 --enable-vulkan
 libavutil 57. 28.100 / 57. 28.100
 libavcodec 59. 37.100 / 59. 37.100
 libavformat 59. 27.100 / 59. 27.100
 libavdevice 59. 7.100 / 59. 7.100
 libavfilter 8. 44.100 / 8. 44.100
 libswscale 6. 7.100 / 6. 7.100
 libswresample 4. 7.100 / 4. 7.100
 libpostproc 56. 6.100 / 56. 6.100
[matroska,webm @ 0x55927f484740] Could not find codec parameters for stream 2 (Attachment: none): unknown codec
Consider increasing the value for the 'analyzeduration' (0) and 'probesize' (5000000) options
Input #0, matroska,webm, from 'Triggerheart Execlica OST (Arrange) - Crueltear Ending.mkv':
 Metadata:
 title : TriggerHeart Exelica PS2 & 360 Arrange ー 16 - Crueltear Ending
 PURL : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJ0bEa_8xEg
 COMMENT : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJ0bEa_8xEg
 ARTIST : VinnyVynce
 DATE : 20170905
 ENCODER : Lavf59.27.100
 Duration: 00:00:30.00, start: -0.007000, bitrate: 430 kb/s
 Stream #0:0(eng): Video: vp9 (Profile 0), yuv420p(tv, bt709), 720x720, SAR 1:1 DAR 1:1, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 1k tbn (default)
 Metadata:
 DURATION : 00:00:29.934000000
 Stream #0:1(eng): Audio: opus, 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp (default)
 Metadata:
 DURATION : 00:00:30.001000000
 Stream #0:2: Attachment: none
 Metadata:
 filename : cover.webp
 mimetype : image/webp
Codec AVOption huffman (Huffman table strategy) specified for output file #0 (TEST.png) has not been used for any stream. The most likely reason is either wrong type (e.g. a video option with no video streams) or that it is a private option of some encoder which was not actually used for any stream.
Stream mapping:
 Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (vp9 (native) -> png (native))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
Output #0, image2, to 'TEST.png':
 Metadata:
 title : TriggerHeart Exelica PS2 & 360 Arrange ー 16 - Crueltear Ending
 PURL : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJ0bEa_8xEg
 COMMENT : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJ0bEa_8xEg
 ARTIST : VinnyVynce
 DATE : 20170905
 encoder : Lavf59.27.100
 Stream #0:0(eng): Video: png, rgb24, 720x720 [SAR 1:1 DAR 1:1], q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbn (default)
 Metadata:
 DURATION : 00:00:29.934000000
 encoder : Lavc59.37.100 png
frame= 0 fps=0.0 q=0.0 Lsize=N/A time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed= 0x 
video:0kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: unknown
Output file is empty, nothing was encoded (check -ss / -t / -frames parameters if used)


Manjaro OS System Specs :


System:
 Kernel: 6.1.12-1-MANJARO arch: x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc v: 12.2.1
 parameters: BOOT_IMAGE=/@/boot/vmlinuz-6.1-x86_64
 root=UUID=f11386cf-342d-47ac-84e6-484b7b2f377d rw rootflags=subvol=@
 radeon.modeset=1 nvdia-drm.modeset=1 quiet
 cryptdevice=UUID=059df4b4-5be4-44d6-a23a-de81135eb5b4:luks-disk
 root=/dev/mapper/luks-disk apparmor=1 security=apparmor
 resume=/dev/mapper/luks-swap udev.log_priority=3
 Desktop: KDE Plasma v: 5.26.5 tk: Qt v: 5.15.8 wm: kwin_x11 vt: 1 dm: SDDM
 Distro: Manjaro Linux base: Arch Linux
Machine:
 Type: Desktop Mobo: ASUSTeK model: PRIME X570-PRO v: Rev X.0x
 serial: <superuser required="required"> UEFI: American Megatrends v: 4408
 date: 10/27/2022
Battery:
 Message: No system battery data found. Is one present?
Memory:
 RAM: total: 62.71 GiB used: 27.76 GiB (44.3%)
 RAM Report: permissions: Unable to run dmidecode. Root privileges required.
CPU:
 Info: model: AMD Ryzen 9 5950X bits: 64 type: MT MCP arch: Zen 3+ gen: 4
 level: v3 note: check built: 2022 process: TSMC n6 (7nm) family: 0x19 (25)
 model-id: 0x21 (33) stepping: 0 microcode: 0xA201016
 Topology: cpus: 1x cores: 16 tpc: 2 threads: 32 smt: enabled cache:
 L1: 1024 KiB desc: d-16x32 KiB; i-16x32 KiB L2: 8 MiB desc: 16x512 KiB
 L3: 64 MiB desc: 2x32 MiB
 Speed (MHz): avg: 4099 high: 4111 min/max: 2200/6358 boost: disabled
 scaling: driver: acpi-cpufreq governor: schedutil cores: 1: 4099 2: 4095
 3: 4102 4: 4100 5: 4097 6: 4100 7: 4110 8: 4111 9: 4083 10: 4099 11: 4100
 12: 4094 13: 4097 14: 4101 15: 4100 16: 4099 17: 4100 18: 4097 19: 4098
 20: 4095 21: 4100 22: 4099 23: 4099 24: 4105 25: 4098 26: 4100 27: 4100
 28: 4092 29: 4103 30: 4101 31: 4100 32: 4099 bogomips: 262520
 Flags: 3dnowprefetch abm adx aes aperfmperf apic arat avic avx avx2 bmi1
 bmi2 bpext cat_l3 cdp_l3 clflush clflushopt clwb clzero cmov cmp_legacy
 constant_tsc cpb cpuid cqm cqm_llc cqm_mbm_local cqm_mbm_total
 cqm_occup_llc cr8_legacy cx16 cx8 de decodeassists erms extapic
 extd_apicid f16c flushbyasid fma fpu fsgsbase fsrm fxsr fxsr_opt ht
 hw_pstate ibpb ibrs ibs invpcid irperf lahf_lm lbrv lm mba mca mce
 misalignsse mmx mmxext monitor movbe msr mtrr mwaitx nonstop_tsc nopl npt
 nrip_save nx ospke osvw overflow_recov pae pat pausefilter pclmulqdq
 pdpe1gb perfctr_core perfctr_llc perfctr_nb pfthreshold pge pku pni popcnt
 pse pse36 rapl rdpid rdpru rdrand rdseed rdt_a rdtscp rep_good sep sha_ni
 skinit smap smca smep ssbd sse sse2 sse4_1 sse4_2 sse4a ssse3 stibp succor
 svm svm_lock syscall tce topoext tsc tsc_scale umip v_spec_ctrl
 v_vmsave_vmload vaes vgif vmcb_clean vme vmmcall vpclmulqdq wbnoinvd wdt
 x2apic xgetbv1 xsave xsavec xsaveerptr xsaveopt xsaves
 Vulnerabilities:
 Type: itlb_multihit status: Not affected
 Type: l1tf status: Not affected
 Type: mds status: Not affected
 Type: meltdown status: Not affected
 Type: mmio_stale_data status: Not affected
 Type: retbleed status: Not affected
 Type: spec_store_bypass mitigation: Speculative Store Bypass disabled via
 prctl
 Type: spectre_v1 mitigation: usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer
 sanitization
 Type: spectre_v2 mitigation: Retpolines, IBPB: conditional, IBRS_FW,
 STIBP: always-on, RSB filling, PBRSB-eIBRS: Not affected
 Type: srbds status: Not affected
 Type: tsx_async_abort status: Not affected
Graphics:
 Device-1: NVIDIA GA104 [GeForce RTX 3070] vendor: ASUSTeK driver: nvidia
 v: 525.89.02 alternate: nouveau,nvidia_drm non-free: 525.xx+
 status: current (as of 2023-02) arch: Ampere code: GAxxx
 process: TSMC n7 (7nm) built: 2020-22 pcie: gen: 4 speed: 16 GT/s lanes: 8
 link-max: lanes: 16 bus-ID: 0b:00.0 chip-ID: 10de:2484 class-ID: 0300
 Device-2: AMD Cape Verde PRO [Radeon HD 7750/8740 / R7 250E]
 vendor: VISIONTEK driver: radeon v: kernel alternate: amdgpu arch: GCN-1
 code: Southern Islands process: TSMC 28nm built: 2011-20 pcie: gen: 3
 speed: 8 GT/s lanes: 8 link-max: lanes: 16 ports: active: DP-3,DP-4
 empty: DP-1, DP-2, DP-5, DP-6 bus-ID: 0c:00.0 chip-ID: 1002:683f
 class-ID: 0300 temp: 54.0 C
 Device-3: Microdia USB 2.0 Camera type: USB driver: snd-usb-audio,uvcvideo
 bus-ID: 9-2:3 chip-ID: 0c45:6367 class-ID: 0102 serial: <filter>
 Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 21.1.7 with: Xwayland v: 22.1.8
 compositor: kwin_x11 driver: X: loaded: modesetting,nvidia dri: radeonsi
 gpu: radeon display-ID: :0 screens: 1
 Screen-1: 0 s-res: 5760x2160 s-dpi: 80 s-size: 1829x686mm (72.01x27.01")
 s-diag: 1953mm (76.91")
 Monitor-1: DP-1 pos: 1-2 res: 1920x1080 dpi: 93
 size: 527x296mm (20.75x11.65") diag: 604mm (23.8") modes: N/A
 Monitor-2: DP-1-3 pos: 2-1 res: 1920x1080 dpi: 82
 size: 598x336mm (23.54x13.23") diag: 686mm (27.01") modes: N/A
 Monitor-3: DP-1-4 pos: 1-1 res: 1920x1080 dpi: 93
 size: 527x296mm (20.75x11.65") diag: 604mm (23.8") modes: N/A
 Monitor-4: DP-3 pos: primary,2-2 res: 1920x1080 dpi: 82
 size: 598x336mm (23.54x13.23") diag: 686mm (27.01") modes: N/A
 Monitor-5: DP-4 pos: 2-4 res: 1920x1080 dpi: 82
 size: 598x336mm (23.54x13.23") diag: 686mm (27.01") modes: N/A
 Monitor-6: HDMI-0 pos: 1-3 res: 1920x1080 dpi: 93
 size: 527x296mm (20.75x11.65") diag: 604mm (23.8") modes: N/A
 API: OpenGL v: 4.6.0 NVIDIA 525.89.02 renderer: NVIDIA GeForce RTX
 3070/PCIe/SSE2 direct-render: Yes
Audio:
 Device-1: NVIDIA GA104 High Definition Audio vendor: ASUSTeK
 driver: snd_hda_intel bus-ID: 5-1:2 v: kernel chip-ID: 30be:1019 pcie:
 class-ID: 0102 gen: 4 speed: 16 GT/s lanes: 8 link-max: lanes: 16
 bus-ID: 0b:00.1 chip-ID: 10de:228b class-ID: 0403
 Device-2: AMD Oland/Hainan/Cape Verde/Pitcairn HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 7000
 Series] vendor: VISIONTEK driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel pcie: gen: 3
 speed: 8 GT/s lanes: 8 link-max: lanes: 16 bus-ID: 0c:00.1
 chip-ID: 1002:aab0 class-ID: 0403
 Device-3: AMD Starship/Matisse HD Audio vendor: ASUSTeK
 driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel pcie: gen: 4 speed: 16 GT/s lanes: 16
 bus-ID: 0e:00.4 chip-ID: 1022:1487 class-ID: 0403
 Device-4: Schiit Audio Unison Universal Dac type: USB driver: snd-usb-audio
 Device-5: JMTek LLC. Plugable USB Audio Device type: USB
 driver: hid-generic,snd-usb-audio,usbhid bus-ID: 5-2:3 chip-ID: 0c76:120b
 class-ID: 0300 serial: <filter>
 Device-6: ASUSTek ASUS AI Noise-Cancelling Mic Adapter type: USB
 driver: hid-generic,snd-usb-audio,usbhid bus-ID: 5-4:4 chip-ID: 0b05:194e
 class-ID: 0300 serial: <filter>
 Device-7: Microdia USB 2.0 Camera type: USB driver: snd-usb-audio,uvcvideo
 bus-ID: 9-2:3 chip-ID: 0c45:6367 class-ID: 0102 serial: <filter>
 Sound API: ALSA v: k6.1.12-1-MANJARO running: yes
 Sound Interface: sndio v: N/A running: no
 Sound Server-1: PulseAudio v: 16.1 running: no
 Sound Server-2: PipeWire v: 0.3.65 running: yes
Network:
 Device-1: Intel I211 Gigabit Network vendor: ASUSTeK driver: igb v: kernel
 pcie: gen: 1 speed: 2.5 GT/s lanes: 1 port: f000 bus-ID: 07:00.0
 chip-ID: 8086:1539 class-ID: 0200
 IF: enp7s0 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full mac: <filter>
 IP v4: <filter> type: dynamic noprefixroute scope: global
 broadcast: <filter>
 IP v6: <filter> type: noprefixroute scope: link
 IF-ID-1: docker0 state: down mac: <filter>
 IP v4: <filter> scope: global broadcast: <filter>
 WAN IP: <filter>
Bluetooth:
 Device-1: Cambridge Silicon Radio Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode) type: USB
 driver: btusb v: 0.8 bus-ID: 5-5.3:7 chip-ID: 0a12:0001 class-ID: e001
 Report: rfkill ID: hci0 rfk-id: 0 state: up address: see --recommends
Logical:
 Message: No logical block device data found.
 Device-1: luks-c847cf9f-c6b5-4624-a25e-4531e318851a maj-min: 254:2
 type: LUKS dm: dm-2 size: 3.64 TiB
 Components:
 p-1: sda1 maj-min: 8:1 size: 3.64 TiB
 Device-2: luks-swap maj-min: 254:1 type: LUKS dm: dm-1 size: 12 GiB
 Components:
 p-1: nvme0n1p2 maj-min: 259:2 size: 12 GiB
 Device-3: luks-disk maj-min: 254:0 type: LUKS dm: dm-0 size: 919.01 GiB
 Components:
 p-1: nvme0n1p3 maj-min: 259:3 size: 919.01 GiB
RAID:
 Message: No RAID data found.
Drives:
 Local Storage: total: 9.1 TiB used: 2.79 TiB (30.6%)
 SMART Message: Unable to run smartctl. Root privileges required.
 ID-1: /dev/nvme0n1 maj-min: 259:0 vendor: Western Digital
 model: WDS100T3X0C-00SJG0 size: 931.51 GiB block-size: physical: 512 B
 logical: 512 B speed: 31.6 Gb/s lanes: 4 type: SSD serial: <filter>
 rev: 111110WD temp: 53.9 C scheme: GPT
 ID-2: /dev/nvme1n1 maj-min: 259:4 vendor: Western Digital
 model: WDS100T2B0C-00PXH0 size: 931.51 GiB block-size: physical: 512 B
 logical: 512 B speed: 31.6 Gb/s lanes: 4 type: SSD serial: <filter>
 rev: 211070WD temp: 46.9 C scheme: GPT
 ID-3: /dev/sda maj-min: 8:0 vendor: Western Digital
 model: WD4005FZBX-00K5WB0 size: 3.64 TiB block-size: physical: 4096 B
 logical: 512 B speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: HDD rpm: 7200 serial: <filter>
 rev: 1A01 scheme: GPT
 ID-4: /dev/sdb maj-min: 8:16 vendor: Western Digital
 model: WD4005FZBX-00K5WB0 size: 3.64 TiB block-size: physical: 4096 B
 logical: 512 B speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: HDD rpm: 7200 serial: <filter>
 rev: 1A01 scheme: GPT
 ID-5: /dev/sdc maj-min: 8:32 type: USB vendor: SanDisk
 model: Gaming Xbox 360 size: 7.48 GiB block-size: physical: 512 B
 logical: 512 B type: N/A serial: <filter> rev: 8.02 scheme: MBR
 SMART Message: Unknown USB bridge. Flash drive/Unsupported enclosure?
 Message: No optical or floppy data found.
Partition:
 ID-1: / raw-size: 919.01 GiB size: 919.01 GiB (100.00%)
 used: 611.14 GiB (66.5%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/dm-0 maj-min: 254:0
 mapped: luks-disk label: N/A uuid: N/A
 ID-2: /boot/efi raw-size: 512 MiB size: 511 MiB (99.80%)
 used: 40.2 MiB (7.9%) fs: vfat dev: /dev/nvme0n1p1 maj-min: 259:1 label: EFI
 uuid: 8922-E04D
 ID-3: /home raw-size: 919.01 GiB size: 919.01 GiB (100.00%)
 used: 611.14 GiB (66.5%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/dm-0 maj-min: 254:0
 mapped: luks-disk label: N/A uuid: N/A
 ID-4: /run/media/sarah/ConvergentRefuge raw-size: 3.64 TiB
 size: 3.64 TiB (100.00%) used: 2.19 TiB (60.1%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/dm-2
 maj-min: 254:2 mapped: luks-c847cf9f-c6b5-4624-a25e-4531e318851a
 label: ConvergentRefuge uuid: 7d295e73-4143-4eb1-9d22-75a06b1d2984
 ID-5: /run/media/sarah/MSS_EXtended raw-size: 475.51 GiB
 size: 475.51 GiB (100.00%) used: 1.48 GiB (0.3%) fs: btrfs
 dev: /dev/nvme1n1p1 maj-min: 259:5 label: MSS EXtended
 uuid: f98b3a12-e0e4-48c7-91c2-6e3aa6dcd32c
Swap:
 Kernel: swappiness: 60 (default) cache-pressure: 100 (default)
 ID-1: swap-1 type: partition size: 12 GiB used: 6.86 GiB (57.2%)
 priority: -2 dev: /dev/dm-1 maj-min: 254:1 mapped: luks-swap label: SWAP
 uuid: c8991364-85a7-4e6c-8380-49cd5bd7a873
Unmounted:
 ID-1: /dev/nvme1n1p2 maj-min: 259:6 size: 456 GiB fs: ntfs label: N/A
 uuid: 5ECA358FCA356485
 ID-2: /dev/sdb1 maj-min: 8:17 size: 3.64 TiB fs: ntfs
 label: JerichoVariance uuid: 1AB22D5664889CBD
 ID-3: /dev/sdc1 maj-min: 8:33 size: 3.57 GiB fs: iso9660
 ID-4: /dev/sdc2 maj-min: 8:34 size: 4 MiB fs: vfat label: MISO_EFI
 uuid: 5C67-4BF8
USB:
 Hub-1: 1-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 4 rev: 2.0
 speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-2: 1-2:2 info: Hitachi ports: 4 rev: 2.1 speed: 480 Mb/s
 chip-ID: 045b:0209 class-ID: 0900
 Device-1: 1-2.4:3 info: Microsoft Xbox One Controller (Firmware 2015)
 type: <vendor specific="specific"> driver: xpad interfaces: 3 rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s
 power: 500mA chip-ID: 045e:02dd class-ID: ff00 serial: <filter>
 Hub-3: 2-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 4 rev: 3.0 speed: 5 Gb/s
 chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-4: 2-2:2 info: Hitachi ports: 4 rev: 3.0 speed: 5 Gb/s
 chip-ID: 045b:0210 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-5: 3-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 1 rev: 2.0
 speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-6: 3-1:2 info: VIA Labs Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.1 speed: 480 Mb/s
 power: 100mA chip-ID: 2109:3431 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-7: 3-1.2:3 info: VIA Labs VL813 Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.1 speed: 480 Mb/s
 chip-ID: 2109:2813 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-8: 4-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 4 rev: 3.0 speed: 5 Gb/s
 chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-9: 4-2:2 info: VIA Labs VL813 Hub ports: 4 rev: 3.0 speed: 5 Gb/s
 chip-ID: 2109:0813 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-10: 5-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 6 rev: 2.0
 speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
 Device-1: 5-1:2 info: Schiit Audio Unison Universal Dac type: Audio
 driver: snd-usb-audio interfaces: 2 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s power: 500mA
 chip-ID: 30be:1019 class-ID: 0102
 Device-2: 5-2:3 info: JMTek LLC. Plugable USB Audio Device type: Audio,HID
 driver: hid-generic,snd-usb-audio,usbhid interfaces: 4 rev: 1.1
 speed: 12 Mb/s power: 100mA chip-ID: 0c76:120b class-ID: 0300
 serial: <filter>
 Device-3: 5-4:4 info: ASUSTek ASUS AI Noise-Cancelling Mic Adapter
 type: Audio,HID driver: hid-generic,snd-usb-audio,usbhid interfaces: 4
 rev: 1.1 speed: 12 Mb/s power: 100mA chip-ID: 0b05:194e class-ID: 0300
 serial: <filter>
 Hub-11: 5-5:5 info: Genesys Logic Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s
 power: 100mA chip-ID: 05e3:0608 class-ID: 0900
 Device-1: 5-5.3:7 info: Cambridge Silicon Radio Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode)
 type: Bluetooth driver: btusb interfaces: 2 rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s
 power: 100mA chip-ID: 0a12:0001 class-ID: e001
 Hub-12: 5-6:6 info: Genesys Logic Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s
 power: 100mA chip-ID: 05e3:0608 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-13: 6-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 4 rev: 3.1 speed: 10 Gb/s
 chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-14: 7-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 6 rev: 2.0
 speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
 Device-1: 7-2:2 info: SanDisk Cruzer Micro Flash Drive type: Mass Storage
 driver: usb-storage interfaces: 1 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s power: 200mA
 chip-ID: 0781:5151 class-ID: 0806 serial: <filter>
 Device-2: 7-4:3 info: ASUSTek AURA LED Controller type: HID
 driver: hid-generic,usbhid interfaces: 2 rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s power: 16mA
 chip-ID: 0b05:18f3 class-ID: 0300 serial: <filter>
 Hub-15: 8-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 4 rev: 3.1 speed: 10 Gb/s
 chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-16: 9-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 4 rev: 2.0
 speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-17: 9-1:2 info: Terminus FE 2.1 7-port Hub ports: 7 rev: 2.0
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Google Analytics Privacy Issues : Is It Really That Bad ?
2 juin 2022, par ErinIf you find yourself asking : “What’s the deal with Google Analytics privacy ?”, you probably have some second thoughts.
Your hunch is right. Google Analytics (GA) is a popular web analytics tool, but it’s far from being perfect when it comes to respecting users’ privacy.
This post helps you understand tremendous Google Analytics privacy concerns users, consumers and regulators expressed over the years.
In this blog, we’ll cover :
What Does Google Analytics Collect About Users ?
To understand Google Analytics privacy issues, you need to know how Google treats web users’ data.
By default, Google Analytics collects the following information :
- Session statistics — duration, page(s) viewed, etc.
- Referring website details — a link you came through or keyword used.
- Approximate geolocation — country, city.
- Browser and device information — mobile vs desktop, OS usage, etc.
Google obtains web analytics data about users via two means : an on-site Google Analytics tracking code and cookies.
A cookie is a unique identifier (ID) assigned to each user visiting a web property. Each cookie stores two data items : unique user ID and website name.
With the help of cookies, web analytics solutions can recognise returning visitors and track their actions across the website(s).
- First party cookies are generated by one website and collect user behaviour data from said website only.
- Third-party cookies are generated by a third-party website object (for example, an ad) and can track user behaviour data across multiple websites.
As it’s easy to imagine, third-party cookies are a goldmine for companies selling online ads. Essentially, they allow ad platforms to continue watching how the user navigates the web after clicking a certain link.
Yet, people have little clue as to which data they are sharing and how it is being used. Also, user consent to tracking across websites is only marginally guaranteed by existing Google Analytics controls.
Why Third-Party Cookie Data Collection By GA Is Problematic
Cookies can transmit personally identifiable information (PII) such as name, log in details, IP address, saved payment method and so on. Some of these details can end up with advertisers without consumers’ direct knowledge or consent.
Regulatory frameworks such as General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in Europe and California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) emerged as a response to uncontrolled user behaviour tracking.
Under regulatory pressure, Big Tech companies had to adapt their data collection process.
Apple was the first to implement by-default third-party blocking in the Safari browser. Then added a tracking consent mechanism for iPhone users starting from iOS 15.2 and later.
Google, too, said it would drop third-party cookie usage after The European Commission and UK’s Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) launched antitrust investigations into its activity.
To shake off the data watchdogs, Google released a Privacy Sandbox — a set of progressive tech, operational and compliance changes for ensuring greater consumer privacy.
Google’s biggest promise : deprecate third-party cookies usage for all web and mobile products.
Originally, Google promised to drop third-party cookies by 2022, but that didn’t happen. Instead, Google delayed cookie tracking depreciation for Chrome until the second half of 2023.
Why did they push back on this despite hefty fines from regulators ?
Because online ads make Google a lot of money.
In 2021, Alphabet Inc (parent company of Google), made $256.7 billion in revenue, of which $209.49 billion came from selling advertising.
Lax Google Analytics privacy enforcement — and its wide usage by website owners — help Google make those billions from collecting and selling user data.
How Google Uses Collected Google Analytics Data for Advertising
Over 28 million websites (or roughly 85% of the Internet) have Google Analytics tracking codes installed.
Even if one day we get a Google Analytics version without cookies, it still won’t address all the privacy concerns regulators and consumers have.
Over the years, Google has accumulated an extensive collection of user data. The company’s engineers used it to build state-of-the-art deep learning models, now employed to build advanced user profiles.
Deep learning is the process of training a machine to recognise data patterns. Then this “knowledge” is used to produce highly-accurate predictive insights. The more data you have for model training — the better its future accuracy will be.
Google has amassed huge deposits of data from its collection of products — GA, YouTube, Gmail, Google Docs and Google Maps among others. Now they are using this data to build a third-party cookies-less alternative mechanism for modelling people’s preferences, habits, lifestyles, etc.
Their latest model is called Google Topics.
This comes only after Google’s failed attempt to replace cookie-based training with Federated Learning of Cohorts (FLoC) model. But the solution wasn’t offering enough user transparency and user controls among other issues.
Source : Google Blog Google Topics promises to limit the granularity of data advertisers get about users.
But it’s still a web user surveillance method. With Google Topics, the company will continue collecting user data via Chrome (and likely other Google products) — and share it with advertisers.
Because as we said before : Google is in the business of profiting off consumers’ data.
Two Major Ways Google Takes Advantage of Customer Data
Every bit of data Google collects across its ecosystem of products can be used in two ways :
- For ad targeting and personalisation
- To improve Google’s products
The latter also helps the former.
Advanced Ad Personalisation and Targeting
GA provides the company with ample data on users’
- Recent and frequent searches
- Location history
- Visited websites
- Used apps
- Videos and ads viewed
- Personal data like age or gender
The company’s privacy policy explicitly states that :
Source : Google Google also admits to using collected data to “measure the effectiveness of advertising” and “personalise content and ads you see on Google.”
But there are no further elaborations on how exactly customers’ data is used — and what you can do to prevent it from being shared with third parties.
In some cases, Google also “forgets” to inform users about its in-product tracking.
Journalists from CNBC and The New York Times independently concluded that Google monitors users’ Gmail activity. In particular, the company scans your inbox for recent purchases, trips, flights and bills notifications.
While Google says that this information isn’t sold to advertisers (directly), they still may use the “saved information about your orders in other Google services”.
Once again, this means you have little control or knowledge of subsequent data usage.
Improving Product Usability
Google has many “arms” to collect different data points — from user’s search history to frequently-travelled physical routes.
They also reserve the right to use these insights for improving existing products.
Here’s what it means : by combining different types of data points obtained from various products, Google can pierce a detailed picture of a person’s life. Even if such user profile data is anonymised, it is still alarmingly accurate.
Douglas Schmidt, a computer science researcher at Vanderbilt University, well summarised the matter :
“[Google’s] business model is to collect as much data about you as possible and cross-correlate it so they can try to link your online persona with your offline persona. This tracking is just absolutely essential to their business. ‘Surveillance capitalism’ is a perfect phrase for it.”
Google Data Collection Obsession Is Backed Into Its Business Model
OK, but Google offers some privacy controls to users ? Yes. Google only sees and uses the information you voluntarily enter or permit them to access.
But as the Washington Post correspondent points out :
“[Big Tech] companies get to set all the rules, as long as they run those rules by consumers in convoluted terms of service that even those capable of decoding the legalistic language rarely bother to read. Other mechanisms for notice and consent, such as opt-outs and opt-ins, create similar problems. Control for the consumer is mostly an illusion.”
Google openly claims to be “one of many ad networks that personalise ads based on your activity online”.
The wrinkle is that they have more data than all other advertising networks (arguably combined). This helps Google sell high-precision targeting and contextually personalised ads for billions of dollars annually.
Given that Google has stakes in so many products — it’s really hard to de-Google your business and minimise tracking and data collection from the company.
They are also creating a monopoly on data collection and ownership. This fact makes regulators concerned. The 2021 antitrust lawsuit from the European Commission says :
“The formal investigation will notably examine whether Google is distorting competition by restricting access by third parties to user data for advertising purposes on websites and apps while reserving such data for its own use.”
In other words : By using consumer data to its unfair advantage, Google allegedly shuts off competition.
But that’s not the only matter worrying regulators and consumers alike. Over the years, Google also received numerous other lawsuits for breaching people’s privacy, over and over again.
Here’s a timeline :
- 2019 : UK citizens issued a class action suit against Google for imposing cookies to override users’ privacy settings in the Safari browser.
- 2020 : US citizens pushed for a $5 billion class-action suit for tracking their activity through browsers set in “private” mode.
- 2022 : Another class-action lawsuit in the US for deceptive privacy controls and unconsented location data tracking by Google mobile apps.
- 2022 : Google reached a $100 million class-action settlement for breaching Illinois biometrics privacy laws in Google Photos.
Separately, Google has a very complex history with GDPR compliance.
How Google Analytics Contributes to the Web Privacy Problem
Google Analytics is the key puzzle piece that supports Google’s data-driven business model.
If Google was to release a privacy-focused Google Analytics alternative, it’d lose access to valuable web users’ data and a big portion of digital ad revenues.
Remember : Google collects more data than it shares with web analytics users and advertisers. But they keep a lot of it for personal usage — and keep looking for ways to share this intel with advertisers (in a way that keeps regulators off their tail).
For Google Analytics to become truly ethical and privacy-focused, Google would need to change their entire revenue model — which is something they are unlikely to do.
Where does this leave Google Analytics users ?
In a slippery territory. By proxy, companies using GA are complicit with Google’s shady data collection and usage practice. They become part of the problem.
In fact, Google Analytics usage opens a business to two types of risks :
- Reputational. 77% of global consumers say that transparency around how data is collected and used is important to them when interacting with different brands. That’s why data breaches and data misuse by brands lead to major public outrages on social media and boycotts in some cases.
- Legal. EU regulators are on a continuous crusade against Google Analytics 4 (GA4) as it is in breach of GDPR. French and Austrian watchdogs ruled the “service” illegal. Since Google Analytics is not GDPR compliant, it opens any business using it to lawsuits (which is already happening).
But there’s a way out.
Choose a Privacy-Friendly Google Analytics Alternative
Google Analytics is a popular web analytics service, but not the only one available. You have alternatives such as Matomo.
Our guiding principle is : respecting privacy.
Unlike Google Analytics, we leave data ownership 100% in users’ hands. Matomo lets you implement privacy-centred controls for user data collection.
Plus, you can self-host Matomo On-Premise or choose Matomo Cloud with data securely stored in the EU and in compliance with GDPR.
The best part ? You can try our ethical alternative to Google Analytics for free. No credit card required ! Start your free 21-day trial now.
21 day free trial. No credit card required.
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