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• Why are rectangular boxes ([]) showing instead of text in burned subtitles when using ffmpeg/MoviePy on Google Colab ?

  14 mai, par Lavish

  I'm working on a Python script that adds subtitles to a video using MoviePy and burns/hardcodes them directly onto the video. The subtitles contain Hindi text, and I’ve specified a custom font that supports Devanagari (Hindi) script.

  


  The code works perfectly fine on my local machine, the subtitles appear correctly with Hindi characters. However, when I run the same code on Google Colab, the subtitles display as rectangular boxes (something like this -> [][][]) instead of proper characters.

  


  Things I've tried :

  


  

  • Ensured the font used supports Hindi (I'm using NotoSansDevanagari-Regular.ttf renamed as font.ttf).

  


  • Uploaded the font to Colab and specified the full path correctly.

  


  • Verified that the text is passed as a proper Unicode string.

  


  


  Here's the code snippet :

  


  def add_subtitles(video_path, subtitles_path, output_path):
    """Adds subtitles using FFmpeg with proper path escaping."""
    # Convert to absolute paths and normalize
    
    video_path = os.path.abspath(video_path)
    subtitles_path = os.path.abspath(subtitles_path)
    output_path = os.path.abspath(output_path)


    # Subtitle path
    font_path = "input_files/font.ttf"
    font_path = os.path.abspath(font_path).replace("\\", "\\\\")
    subtitles_path_escaped = os.path.abspath(subtitles_path).replace("\\", "\\\\")
    
    # Escape backslashes in paths
    subtitles_path = subtitles_path.replace("\\", "\\\\")
    # Remove all files in final_videos
    [os.remove(os.path.join(base_dir, "final_videos", f)) for f in os.listdir(os.path.join(base_dir, "final_videos")) if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(base_dir, "final_videos", f))]

    os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(output_path), exist_ok=True)
    escaped_path = subtitles_path.replace(':', '\\:').replace('\\', '\\\\')

    cmd = [
    "ffmpeg",
    "-i", video_path,
    "-vf", f"subtitles={escaped_path}:force_style='FontFile={font_path}'",
    "-c:v", "libx264",
    "-c:a", "copy",
    "-preset", "fast",
    "-crf", "22",
    output_path
]


    # Debug: Print the exact command being executed
    print("Executing:", " ".join(cmd))
    try:
        subprocess.run(cmd, check=True, capture_output=True, text=True)
        print(f"✅ Success! Output saved to: {output_path}")
    except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e:
        print(f"❌ FFmpeg failed with error:\n{e.stderr}")



  


  What could be causing this issue on Colab, and how can I get non-English subtitles (like Hindi) to render properly when burning subtitles using MoviePy/ffmpeg in a Colab environment ?

  


• Revision 223bf29307 : libyuv : update to r1305 MIPS build fixes https://code.google.com/p/webm/issues

  3 mars 2015, par Johann

  Changed Paths :
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/README.libvpx

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/include/libyuv/compare.h

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/include/libyuv/convert.h

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/include/libyuv/convert_argb.h

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/include/libyuv/convert_from.h

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/include/libyuv/convert_from_argb.h

  
   Delete /third_party/libyuv/include/libyuv/format_conversion.h

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/include/libyuv/row.h

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/include/libyuv/scale.h

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/include/libyuv/scale_row.h

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/include/libyuv/version.h

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/include/libyuv/video_common.h

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/compare.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/compare_neon.cc

  
   Add /third_party/libyuv/source/compare_neon64.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/compare_posix.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/compare_win.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/convert.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/convert_argb.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/convert_from.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/convert_from_argb.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/convert_to_argb.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/convert_to_i420.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/cpu_id.cc

  
   Delete /third_party/libyuv/source/format_conversion.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/mjpeg_validate.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/planar_functions.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/rotate.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/rotate_argb.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/rotate_neon.cc

  
   Add /third_party/libyuv/source/rotate_neon64.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/row_any.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/row_common.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/row_mips.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/row_neon.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/row_neon64.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/row_posix.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/row_win.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/scale.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/scale_argb.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/scale_common.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/scale_neon.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/scale_neon64.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/scale_posix.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/scale_win.cc

  
   Modify /third_party/libyuv/source/video_common.cc

  
  
  libyuv : update to r1305

  MIPS build fixes

  https://code.google.com/p/webm/issues/detail?id=957

  Change-Id : I9d53900af36d783c369b5dff27a7479cb94fd16b

• Capture Video with opencv, save to ffmpeg pipe and live stream

  9 mars 2018, par Chris

  The goal is to stream an analysed live video over RTSP to some media server. To make the edits/analysis I use opencv, save the edited frames as JPEG in an FFMPEG image pipe and use the same FFMPEG to create a RTSP stream. Sorry if the terminology is not that accurate, I find it still quite confusing.

  I have the following code after quite some struggle :

  import cv2
  
  from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
  
  from PIL import Image
  
  
  
  # open pipe
  
  p = Popen('ffmpeg -y -f image2pipe -vcodec mjpeg -r 24 -i - -vcodec h264 -f rtsp -rtsp_transport tcp rtsp://localhost:8081/test.sdp', stdin=PIPE)
  
  
  
  video = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
  
  i = 0
  
  while video.isOpened():
  
      i=i+1
  
      ret, frame = video.read()
  
      if ret:
  
          #[...do some analysis stuff]
  
          im = Image.fromarray(frame)
  
          im.save(p.stdin, 'JPEG')
  
  
  
          """
  
          alternatively
  
          img_str = cv2.imencode('.jpg', frame)[1].tostring()
  
          p.stdin.write(img_str)
  
          """
  
  
  
      else:
  
          break
  
  
  
      print (i)
  
      if(i==1000):
  
          break
  
  
  
  
  
  p.stdin.close()
  
  p.wait()
  
  video.release()
  
  cv2.destroyAllWindows()
  
  print("done streaming video")

  This runs for 124 frames (i=124) then the loop hangs and I get some message from ffmpeg where I am not sure what it is about, however it does not look like an error :

  push frame
  
  122
  
  push frame
  
  123
  
  push frame
  
  124
  
  Input #0, image2pipe, from 'pipe:':
  
    Duration: N/A, bitrate: N/A
  
      Stream #0:0: Video: mjpeg, yuvj420p(pc, bt470bg/unknown/unknown), 640x480 [SAR 1:1 DAR 4:3], 24 fps, 24 tbr, 24 tbn, 24 tbc
  
  Stream mapping:
  
    Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (mjpeg (native) -> h264 (libx264))
  
  [libx264 @ 000002076650d980] using SAR=1/1
  
  [libx264 @ 000002076650d980] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX
  
  [libx264 @ 000002076650d980] profile High, level 3.0
  
  [libx264 @ 000002076650d980] 264 - core 155 r2893 b00bcaf - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2017 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x3:0x113 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=-2 threads=6 lookahead_threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=24 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
  
  push frame

  The webcam seems to continue running but no more frames are pushed into the pipe. It looks like some buffer is filled or something. If I write directly to a video file instead of rtsp, it works. If I open the rtsp stream simultaneously with ffplay, it also works (although with a 5 seconds lag).
  Anyone an idea where this is coming from and how to solve it ?