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• ffmpeg doesn't work when the script is launched by cron - No protocol specified, Cannot open display :0.0

  14 January 2024, by a k

  ffmpeg in my script doesn't work when the script is launched by cron of the root

  


  Error: No protocol specified, Cannot open display :0.0

  


  OS: Ubuntu 20.04

  


  #!/bin/bash
log=/var/log/log2/log2.txt

echo ______________ $(date) >> "$log"
echo "$""DISPLAY" "=      "  "$DISPLAY" >> "$log" ;
echo whoami '         ' $(whoami) >> "$log" 
echo pwd '            ' $(pwd) >> "$log" 
echo "$""USER" "=" '        ' "$USER" >> "$log"
echo PATH '           ' "$PATH" >> "$log"
echo which ffmpeg '   ' $(which ffmpeg)>> "$log" 
echo whereis ffmpeg ' ' $(whereis ffmpeg) >> "$log" 
echo "\nls -l /bin/* | grep ffmpeg" '        ' >> "$log"
ls -l /usr/bin/* | grep ffmpeg >> "$log"
echo "ls -l /var/log | grep log2" ' '>> "$log"
ls -l /var/log | grep log2 >> "$log"

ffmpeg -y -f x11grab -s 1366x768 -i :0.0 -r 25 /var/log/log2/test.mp4 -loglevel error 2>>"$log" &

echo "pid ffmpeg ""$""!"" = " "$!" >> "$log" 
sleep 5
kill "$!"
echo exit >> "$log"
exit


  


  When Cron (Cron of the root) launches the script, ffmpeg shows the error "No protocol specified, Cannot open display :0.0"

  


  /var/log/log2/log2.txt:

  


  ______________ ven. 05 mai 2023 04:10:01 CEST
$DISPLAY =       
whoami           root
pwd              /root
$USER =          
PATH             /usr/bin:/bin
which ffmpeg     /usr/bin/ffmpeg
whereis ffmpeg   ffmpeg: /usr/bin/ffmpeg /usr/share/ffmpeg /usr/share/man/man1/ffmpeg.1.gz
ls -l /usr/bin/* | grep ffmpeg  
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root   root      284976 mai   18  2022 /usr/bin/ffmpeg
ls -l /var/log | grep log2  
drwxrwxrwx  2 root              root               4096 mai    5 04:09 log2
pid ffmpeg $! =  74590
No protocol specified
[x11grab @ 0x56244aa06740] Cannot open display :0.0, error 1.
:0.0: Input/output error
exit


  


  When I launch the script manually as a not-root user (with sudo), everything work correctly:

  


  ______________ ven. 05 mai 2023 04:10:47 CEST
$DISPLAY =       :0
whoami           root
pwd              /home/an
$USER =          root
PATH             /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin
which ffmpeg     /usr/bin/ffmpeg
whereis ffmpeg   ffmpeg: /usr/bin/ffmpeg /usr/share/ffmpeg /usr/share/man/man1/ffmpeg.1.gz
ls -l /usr/bin/* | grep ffmpeg  
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root   root      284976 mai   18  2022 /usr/bin/ffmpeg
ls -l /var/log | grep log2  
drwxrwxrwx  2 root              root               4096 mai    5 04:09 log2
pid ffmpeg $! =  74618
exit


  


  When I launch the script manually as the root, everything works correctly:

  


  ______________ ven. 05 mai 2023 04:11:27 CEST
$DISPLAY =       :0
whoami           root
pwd              /root
$USER =          root
PATH             /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin
which ffmpeg     /usr/bin/ffmpeg
whereis ffmpeg   ffmpeg: /usr/bin/ffmpeg /usr/share/ffmpeg /usr/share/man/man1/ffmpeg.1.gz
ls -l /usr/bin/* | grep ffmpeg  
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root   root      284976 mai   18  2022 /usr/bin/ffmpeg
ls -l /var/log | grep log2  
drwxrwxrwx  2 root              root               4096 mai    5 04:11 log2
pid ffmpeg $! =  74683
exit


  


  When crontab of an ordinary user launches the script, it works correctly:

  


  $DISPLAY =       
whoami           an
pwd              /home/an
$USER =          
PATH             /usr/bin:/bin
which ffmpeg     /usr/bin/ffmpeg
whereis ffmpeg   ffmpeg: /usr/bin/ffmpeg /usr/share/ffmpeg /usr/share/man/man1/ffmpeg.1.gz
ls -l /usr/bin/* | grep ffmpeg  
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root   root      284976 mai   18  2022 /usr/bin/ffmpeg
ls -l /var/log | grep log2  
drwxrwxrwx  2 root              root               4096 mai    5 05:05 log2
pid ffmpeg $! =  77601
exit


  


  I have tried to put into the script:

  


  export DISPLAY=":0"

  


  export DISPLAY=":0.0"

  


  export DISPLAY=":1"

  


• Python Discord music bot stops playing a couple of minutes into any song

  9 March 2023, by knewby

  I am trying to put together a Python Discord music bot as a fun little project. Outside of the required discord library I'm currently using the YouTube API to search for videos and parse the URL (not shown in code), yt-dlp which is a fork of yt_download that is still maintained to get the info from the YT URL, and FFMPEG to play the song obtained from yt-dlp through the bot. My play command seems to work as the 1st YT video result will start to play, but roughly 30-90 seconds into the audio, it stops playing. I get this message in the console:

  


  2023-02-23 14:54:44 IN discord.player ffmpeg process 4848 successfully terminated with return code of 0.

  


  So there is no error for me to go off of. I've included the full output from the console below...

  


  -----------------------------------
groovy-jr#6741 is up and running
-----------------------------------
2023-02-23 14:53:23 INFO     discord.voice_client Connecting to voice...
2023-02-23 14:53:23 INFO     discord.voice_client Starting voice handshake... (connection attempt 1)
2023-02-23 14:53:24 INFO     discord.voice_client Voice handshake complete. Endpoint found us-south1655.discord.media
2023-02-23 14:54:44 INFO     discord.player ffmpeg process 4848 successfully terminated with return code of 0.  <= AUDIO STOPS


  


  I'm currently developing this project on a Windows 11 machine, but I've had the issue running it on my Ubuntu machine as well. I am just hosting the bot directly from the VSCode terminal for development.

  


  I've been trying to do research on this problem, the problem is I can't find many recent information for the issue. There was another post that talked about a similar problem and had an answer suggesting the following FFMPEG options be used which I tried to no avail.

  


  FFMPEG_OPTIONS = {
                    'before_options': '-reconnect 1 -reconnect_streamed 1 -reconnect_delay_max 5',
                    'options': '-vn',
                 }


  


  I'll include the problem file below:

  


  import discord
from discord.ext import commands
from discord import FFmpegPCMAudio
import responses
import youtubeSearch as YT
import yt_dlp

async def send_message(message, user_message, is_private = False):
    try:
        response = responses.handle_response(user_message)
        await message.author.send(response) if is_private else await message.channel.send(response)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)

def run_discord_bot():
    intents = discord.Intents.default()
    intents.message_content = True

    TOKEN = 'xxxxxx'
    client = commands.Bot(command_prefix = '-', intents=intents)

    @client.event
    async def on_ready():
        print('-----------------------------------')
        print(f'{client.user} is up and running')
        print('-----------------------------------')

    @client.command(name='play', aliases=['p'], pass_context = True)
    async def play(ctx, *, search_term:str = None):
        if ctx.author.voice:
            voice = None
            if search_term == None:
                await ctx.send('No song specified.')
                return
            if not ctx.voice_client:
                channel = ctx.message.author.voice.channel
                voice = await channel.connect()
            else:
                voice = ctx.guild.voice_client
            
            url = YT.singleSearch(search_term)
            
            YTDLP_OPTIONS = {
                'format': 'bestaudio/best',
                'extractaudio': True,
                'audioformat': 'mp3',
                'outtmpl': '%(extractor)s-%(id)s-%(title)s.%(ext)s',
                'restrictfilenames': True,
                'noplaylist': True,
                'nocheckcertificate': True,
                'ignoreerrors': False,
                'logtostderr': False,
                'quiet': True,
                'no_warnings': True,
                'default_search': 'ytsearch',
                'source_address': '0.0.0.0',
            }

 =====>     FFMPEG_OPTIONS = {
                'before_options': '-reconnect 1 -reconnect_streamed 1 -reconnect_delay_max 5',
                'options': '-vn',
            }

            with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL(YTDLP_OPTIONS) as ydl:
                info = ydl.extract_info(url, download=False)
                playUrl = info['url']

            source = FFmpegPCMAudio(playUrl, options=FFMPEG_OPTIONS)
            voice.play(source)
        else:
            await ctx.send('You must be in a voice channel to play a song!')
            return

    @client.command(pass_context = True)
    async def leave(ctx):
        if ctx.voice_client:
            await ctx.guild.voice_client.disconnect()
        else:
            await ctx.send("I'm not in a voice channel!")

    @client.command(pass_context = True)
    async def pause(ctx):
        voice = discord.utils.get(client.voice_clients, guild = ctx.guild)
        if voice.is_playing():
            voice.pause()
        else:
            await ctx.send('No audio playing...')

    @client.command(pass_context = True)
    async def resume(ctx):
        voice = discord.utils.get(client.voice_clients, guild = ctx.guild)
        if voice.is_paused():
            voice.resume()
        else:
            await ctx.send('No audio paused...')

    @client.command(pass_context = True)
    async def stop(ctx):
        voice = discord.utils.get(client.voice_clients, guild = ctx.guild)
        voice.stop()

    client.run(TOKEN)


  


  I appreciate any guidance I can get!

  


• `ffmpeg -f concat` don't work when all input streams appear to have the same spec

  2 October 2024, by Roy

  My ffmpeg command:

  


  ffmpeg -safe 0 -f concat -i list.txt -c copy out.mp4


  


  My 1st input file:

  


  Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'D:\Applications\ffmpeg_6.0_full\a.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : isom
    minor_version   : 512
    compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
    encoder         : Lavf60.3.100
  Duration: 00:00:04.97, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 40 kb/s
  Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 2 kb/s (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : SoundHandler
      vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
  Stream #0:1[0x2](und): Video: h264 (Main) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(tv, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 27 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : VideoHandler
      vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
      encoder         : Lavc60.3.100 libx264


  


  My 2nd input file:

  


  Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'D:\Applications\ffmpeg_6.0_full\b.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : mp42
    minor_version   : 0
    compatible_brands: mp41isom
    creation_time   : 2023-03-08T06:47:13.000000Z
    artist          : Microsoft Game DVR
    title           : PUBG: BATTLEGROUNDS
  Duration: 00:10:00.16, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 20885 kb/s
  Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (Main) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(tv, progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 20739 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30k tbn (default)
    Metadata:
      creation_time   : 2023-03-08T06:47:13.000000Z
      handler_name    : VideoHandler
      vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
      encoder         : AVC Coding
  Stream #0:1[0x2](und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 131 kb/s (default)
    Metadata:
      creation_time   : 2023-03-08T06:47:13.000000Z
      handler_name    : SoundHandler
      vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]


  


  The above command outputs some warning signals:

  


  [mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2 @ 0000025239902d40] Auto-inserting h264_mp4toannexb bitstream filter
[mp4 @ 00000252396fe5c0] Non-monotonous DTS in output stream 0:1; previous: 218112, current: 150024; changing to 218113. This may result in incorrect timestamps in the output file.
...
a lot of them
...
frame=25992 fps=21754 q=-1.0 Lsize= 1519621kB time=00:14:49.39 bitrate=13996.8kbits/s speed= 744x
video:9649kB audio:1519216kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: unknown


  


  The resultant video can play the first part of the video correctly, then the video players either skips directly to the end of the video (MPC-HC), or don't render anything at all while timer passes as normal (VLC).

  


  My impression of the concat is that it requires all videos to have the same spec, which I think my input achieved (all the "Steam #0:0", etc, line matches). I only see the following difference, which I assumed that should be okay:

  


  

  1. Metadata are different both for the whole input (e.g. "major_brand") and for each stream (e.g. "encoder"). I assumed that metadata won't affect the processing.

  


  2. The order of video/audio streams are different in the two inputs: the 1st input file has audio then video; the 2nd input file has video then audio. I assumed that ffmpeg knows the difference and won't concat a video stream to an audio stream.

  


  


  The full output of the command can be found in this pastebin: https://pastebin.com/Z5q97Uyg