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• How to apply dynamic watermarking for users watching video in real-time ? [closed]

  3 janvier, par Barun Bhattacharjee

  I am working on a video streaming project where I need to apply a dynamic watermarking (e.g., username and email) in real-time for security purposes. The video is being streamed in DASH format, and the segment files are in .m4s format generated via FFmpeg.

  


  Challenges :
Is it possible to directly apply dynamic watermarking to .m4s segment files ?

  


  Video segments are generated using FFmpeg with the following command :

  


  ffmpeg
    .input(video_path)
    .output(mpd_path,
            format='dash',
            map='0',
            video_bitrate='2400k',
            video_size='1920x1080',
            vcodec='libx264',
            seg_duration='4',  # Sets segment duration to 4 seconds
            acodec='copy')
    .run()



  


  What I tried :
I attempted to use FFmpeg to apply a watermark dynamically to the .m4s files using the drawtext filter, but .m4s files are not always recognized as valid input for FFmpeg operations.

  


  # FFmpeg command to add watermark to m4s file
try:
    # FFmpeg processing
    out, err = (
        ffmpeg
        .input(m4s_file_path)  # Input the segment file
        .filter(
            "drawtext",
            text=user_info,
            fontfile="font/dejavu-sans/DejaVuSans-Bold.ttf",
            fontsize=24,
            fontcolor="white",
            x=10,
            y=10
        )
        .output(
            "pipe:",  # Stream output as a byte stream
            format="mp4",  # Output format as MP4 (compatible with MPEG-DASH)
            vcodec="libx264",
            acodec="copy",
            movflags="frag_keyframe+empty_moov"
        )
        .run(capture_stdout=True, capture_stderr=True)
    )

    logger.info(f"FFmpeg process completed. stdout length: {len(out)}, stderr: {err.decode('utf-8')}")
    logger.error(f"FFmpeg stderr: {err.decode('utf-8')}")
    return out  # Return the processed video stream data


except ffmpeg.Error as e:
    stderr_output = e.stderr.decode('utf-8') if e.stderr else "No stderr available"
    logger.error(f"FFmpeg error: {stderr_output}")

    raise RuntimeError(f"Error processing video: {stderr_output}")



  


  Error I faced :

  


  video-streaming-backend  | [mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2 @ 0x7f1bf99cc640] Could not find codec parameters for stream 0 (Video: h264 (avc1 / 0x31637661), none(tv, bt709), 1920x1012): unspecified pixel format
video-streaming-backend  | Consider increasing the value for the 'analyzeduration' (10000000) and 'probesize' (5000000) options
video-streaming-backend  | Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'http://web:8000/media/stream_video/chunks/ec1db006-b488-47ad-8220-79a05bcaae39/segments/init-stream0.m4s':
video-streaming-backend  |   Metadata:
video-streaming-backend  |     major_brand     : iso5
video-streaming-backend  |     minor_version   : 512
video-streaming-backend  |     compatible_brands: iso5iso6mp41
video-streaming-backend  |     encoder         : Lavf60.16.100
video-streaming-backend  |   Duration: N/A, bitrate: N/A
video-streaming-backend  |   Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: h264 (avc1 / 0x31637661), none(tv, bt709), 1920x1012, SAR 1:1 DAR 480:253, 12288 tbr, 12288 tbn (default)
video-streaming-backend  |     Metadata:
video-streaming-backend  |       handler_name    : VideoHandler
video-streaming-backend  |       vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
video-streaming-backend  | Stream mapping:
video-streaming-backend  |   Stream #0:0 (h264) -> drawtext:default
video-streaming-backend  |   drawtext:default -> Stream #0:0 (libx264)
video-streaming-backend  | Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
video-streaming-backend  | Cannot determine format of input stream 0:0 after EOF
video-streaming-backend  | Error marking filters as finished
video-streaming-backend  | Error while filtering: Invalid data found when processing input
video-streaming-backend  | [out#0/mp4 @ 0x7f1bf8e73100] Nothing was written into output file, because at least one of its streams received no packets.
video-streaming-backend  | frame=    0 fps=0.0 q=0.0 Lsize=       0kB time=N/A bitrate=N/A speed=N/A    
video-streaming-backend  | Conversion failed!



  


  These errors have left me wondering if .m4s is a viable format for dynamic watermarking. If it's not, what would be the correct approach ?

  


• Revision 77619 : Utiliser la boucle DATA au lieu de la boucle POUR Utiliser une notation ...

  24 octobre 2013, par kent1@… — Log

  Utiliser la boucle DATA au lieu de la boucle POUR
  Utiliser une notation plus moderne pour les inclusions
  On utilise le critère media_defaut = ... pour la sélection des formats vidéos et sonores

• Revision 77619 : Utiliser la boucle DATA au lieu de la boucle POUR Utiliser une notation ...

  24 octobre 2013, par kent1@… — Log

  Utiliser la boucle DATA au lieu de la boucle POUR
  Utiliser une notation plus moderne pour les inclusions
  On utilise le critère media_defaut = ... pour la sélection des formats vidéos et sonores