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• lavc : Implement Dolby Vision RPU parsing

  3 janvier 2022, par Niklas Haas

  lavc : Implement Dolby Vision RPU parsing
  Based on a mixture of guesswork, partial documentation in patents, and
  
  reverse engineering of real-world samples. Confirmed working for all the
  
  samples I've thrown at it.
  Contains some annoying machinery to persist these values in between
  
  frames, which is needed in theory even though I've never actually seen a
  
  sample that relies on it in practice. May or may not work.
  Since the distinction matters greatly for parsing the color matrix
  
  values, this includes a small helper function to guess the right profile
  
  from the RPU itself in case the user has forgotten to forward the dovi
  
  configuration record to the decoder. (Which in practice, only ffmpeg.c
  
  and ffplay do..)
  Notable omissions / deviations :
  
   CRC32 verification. This is based on the MPEG2 CRC32 type, which is
  
    similar to IEEE CRC32 but apparently different in subtle enough ways
  
    that I could not get it to pass verification no matter what parameters
  
    I fed to av_crc. It's possible the code needs some changes.
  
   Linear interpolation support. Nothing documents this (beyond its
  
    existence) and no samples use it, so impossible to implement.
  
   All of the extension metadata blocks, but these contain values that
  
    seem largely congruent with ST2094, HDR10, or other existing forms of
  
    side data, so I will defer parsing/attaching them to a future commit.
  
   The patent describes a mechanism for predicting coefficients from
  
    previous RPUs, but the bit for the flag whether to use the
  
    prediction deltas or signal entirely new coefficients does not seem to
  
    be present in actual RPUs, so we ignore this subsystem entirely.
  
   In the patent's spec, the NLQ subsystem also loops over
  
    num_nlq_pivots, but even in the patent the number is hard-coded to one
  
    iteration rather than signalled. So we only store one set of coefs.
  Heavily influenced by https://github.com/quietvoid/dovi_tool
  
  Documentation drawn from US Patent 10,701,399 B2 and ETSI GS CCM 001
  Signed-off-by : Niklas Haas <git@haasn.dev>
  
  Signed-off-by : Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@outlook.com>
  

  • [DH] configure
  • [DH] libavcodec/Makefile
  • [DH] libavcodec/dovi_rpu.c
  • [DH] libavcodec/dovi_rpu.h

• Programming Language Levels

  20 mai 2011, par Multimedia Mike — Programming

  I’ve been doing this programming thing for some 20 years now. Things sure do change. One change I ponder from time to time is the matter of programming language levels. Allow me to explain.

  The 1990s
  When I first took computer classes in the early 1990s, my texts would classify computer languages into 3 categories, or levels. The lower the level, the closer to the hardware ; the higher the level, the more abstract (and presumably, easier to use). I recall that the levels went something like this :

  • High level : Pascal, BASIC, Logo, Fortran
  • Medium level : C, Forth
  • Low level : Assembly language

  Keep in mind that these were the same texts which took the time to explain the history of computers from mainframes -> minicomputers -> a relatively recent phenomenon called microcomputers or "PCs".

  Somewhere in the mid-late 1990s, when I was at university, I was introduced to a new tier :

  • Very high level : Perl, shell scripting

  I think there was some debate among my peers about whether C++ and Java were properly classified as high or very high level. The distinction between high and very high, in my observation, seemed to be that very high level languages had more complex data structures (at the very least, a hash / dictionary / associative array / key-value map) built into the language, as well as implicit memory management.

  Modern Day
  These days, the old hierarchy is apparently forgotten (much like minicomputers). I observe that there is generally a much simpler 2-tier classification :

  • Low level : C, assembly language
  • High level : absolutely every other programming language in wide use today

  I find myself wondering where C++ and Objective-C fit in this classification scheme. Then I remember that it doesn’t matter and this is all academic.

  Relevancy
  I think about this because I have pretty much stuck to low-level programming all of my life, mostly due to my interest in game and multimedia-type programming. But the trends in computing have favored many higher level languages and programming paradigms. I woke up one day and realized that the kind of work I often do — lower level stuff — is not very common.

  I’m not here to argue that low or high level is superior. You know I’m all about using the appropriate tool for the job. But I sometimes find myself caught between worlds, having the defend and explain one to the other.

  • On one hand, it’s not unusual for the multitudes of programmers working at the high level to gasp and wonder why I or anyone else would ever use C or assembly language for anything when there are so many beautiful high level languages. I patiently explain that those languages have to be written in some other language (at first) and that they need to run on some operating system and that most assuredly won’t be written in a high level language. For further reading, I refer them to Joel Spolsky’s great essay called Back to Basics which describes why it can be useful to know at least a little bit about how the computer does what it does at the lowest levels.
  • On the other hand, believe it or not, I sometimes have to defend the merits of high level languages to my low level brethren. I’ll often hear variations of, "Any program can be written in C. Using a high level language to achieve the same will create a slow and bloated solution." I try to explain that the trade-off in time to complete the programming task weighed against the often-negligible performance hit of what is often an I/O-bound operation in the first place makes it worthwhile to use the high level language for a wide variety of tasks.

    Or I just ignore them. That’s actually the best strategy.

• ffmpeg : Decoding error : Invalid data found when processing input (.CR2 file)

  16 septembre 2023, par PZL

  I am writing a script to process .CR2 images taken with my Canon EOS M5 camera, but am running into this error (using ffmpeg on Windows) :

  


  $ ../ffmpeg/bin/ffmpeg -i input/397.cr2 output.jpg
ffmpeg version 2023-09-07-git-9c9f48e7f2-full_build-www.gyan.dev Copyright (c) 2000-2023 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 12.2.0 (Rev10, Built by MSYS2 project)
  configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-static --disable-w32threads --disable-autodetect --enable-fontconfig --enable-iconv --enable-gnutls --enable-libxml2 --enable-gmp --enable-bzlib --enable-lzma --enable-libsnappy --enable-zlib --enable-librist --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libzmq --enable-avisynth --enable-libbluray --enable-libcaca --enable-sdl2 --enable-libaribb24 --enable-libaribcaption --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdavs2 --enable-libuavs3d --enable-libzvbi --enable-librav1e --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxavs2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libjxl --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libvpx --enable-mediafoundation --enable-libass --enable-frei0r --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libharfbuzz --enable-liblensfun --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libzimg --enable-amf --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-dxva2 --enable-d3d11va --enable-libvpl --enable-libshaderc --enable-vulkan --enable-libplacebo --enable-opencl --enable-libcdio --enable-libgme --enable-libmodplug --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libshine --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libilbc --enable-libgsm --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopus --enable-libspeex --enable-libvorbis --enable-ladspa --enable-libbs2b --enable-libflite --enable-libmysofa --enable-librubberband --enable-libsoxr --enable-chromaprint
  libavutil      58. 19.100 / 58. 19.100
  libavcodec     60. 26.100 / 60. 26.100
  libavformat    60. 11.100 / 60. 11.100
  libavdevice    60.  2.101 / 60.  2.101
  libavfilter     9. 11.100 /  9. 11.100
  libswscale      7.  3.100 /  7.  3.100
  libswresample   4. 11.100 /  4. 11.100
  libpostproc    57.  2.100 / 57.  2.100
Input #0, tiff_pipe, from 'input/397.cr2':
  Duration: N/A, bitrate: N/A
  Stream #0:0: Video: tiff, rgb24, 6000x4000 [SAR 1:1 DAR 3:2], 25 fps, 25 tbr, 25 tbn
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (tiff (native) -> mjpeg (native))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[tiff @ 00000202bd01b8c0] rps 0 invalid
[vist#0:0/tiff @ 00000202bd01c600] Decoding error: Invalid data found when processing input
[swscaler @ 00000202bf6df340] deprecated pixel format used, make sure you did set range correctly
[vost#0:0/mjpeg @ 00000202bd00e800] No filtered frames for output stream, trying to initialize anyway.
[vost#0:0/mjpeg @ 00000202bd00e800] No information about the input framerate is available. Falling back to a default value of 25fps. Use the -r option if you want a different framerate.
Output #0, image2, to 'output.jpg':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf60.11.100
  Stream #0:0: Video: mjpeg, yuvj444p(pc, progressive), 6000x4000 [SAR 1:1 DAR 3:2], q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbn
    Metadata:
      encoder         : Lavc60.26.100 mjpeg
    Side data:
      cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/200000 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A
[vist#0:0/tiff @ 00000202bd01c600] Decode error rate 1 exceeds maximum 0.666667
[out#0/image2 @ 00000202bd0104c0] video:0kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: unknown
[out#0/image2 @ 00000202bd0104c0] Output file is empty, nothing was encoded(check -ss / -t / -frames parameters if used)
frame=    0 fps=0.0 q=0.0 Lsize=N/A time=N/A bitrate=N/A speed=N/A    
Conversion failed!


  


  The .CR2 file can be opened normally in Photoshop and Windows Photo Viewer (with the raw image extension).

  


  I can get around this issue by converting the image to JPEG using another program, but I would to work with the original file if possible.