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Médias (1)
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The Slip - Artworks
26 septembre 2011, par
Mis à jour : Septembre 2011
Langue : English
Type : Texte
Autres articles (23)
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MediaSPIP v0.2
21 juin 2013, parMediaSPIP 0.2 is the first MediaSPIP stable release.
Its official release date is June 21, 2013 and is announced here.
The zip file provided here only contains the sources of MediaSPIP in its standalone version.
To get a working installation, you must manually install all-software dependencies on the server.
If you want to use this archive for an installation in "farm mode", you will also need to proceed to other manual (...) -
Other interesting software
13 avril 2011, parWe don’t claim to be the only ones doing what we do ... and especially not to assert claims to be the best either ... What we do, we just try to do it well and getting better ...
The following list represents softwares that tend to be more or less as MediaSPIP or that MediaSPIP tries more or less to do the same, whatever ...
We don’t know them, we didn’t try them, but you can take a peek.
Videopress
Website : http://videopress.com/
License : GNU/GPL v2
Source code : (...) -
Organiser par catégorie
17 mai 2013, parDans MédiaSPIP, une rubrique a 2 noms : catégorie et rubrique.
Les différents documents stockés dans MédiaSPIP peuvent être rangés dans différentes catégories. On peut créer une catégorie en cliquant sur "publier une catégorie" dans le menu publier en haut à droite ( après authentification ). Une catégorie peut être rangée dans une autre catégorie aussi ce qui fait qu’on peut construire une arborescence de catégories.
Lors de la publication prochaine d’un document, la nouvelle catégorie créée sera proposée (...)
Sur d’autres sites (4653)
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How to generate a fixed duration and fps for a video using FFmpeg C++ libraries ? [closed]
4 novembre 2024, par BlueSky Light ProgrammerI'm following the mux official example to write a C++ class that generates a video with a fixed duration (5s) and a fixed fps (60). For some reason, the duration of the output video is 3-4 seconds, although I call the function to write frames 300 times and set the fps to 60.


Can you take a look at the code below and spot what I'm doing wrong ?


#include "ffmpeg.h"

#include <iostream>

static int writeFrame(AVFormatContext *fmt_ctx, AVCodecContext *c,
 AVStream *st, AVFrame *frame, AVPacket *pkt);

static void addStream(OutputStream *ost, AVFormatContext *formatContext,
 const AVCodec **codec, enum AVCodecID codec_id,
 int width, int height, int fps);

static AVFrame *allocFrame(enum AVPixelFormat pix_fmt, int width, int height);

static void openVideo(AVFormatContext *formatContext, const AVCodec *codec,
 OutputStream *ost, AVDictionary *opt_arg);

static AVFrame *getVideoFrame(OutputStream *ost,
 const std::vector<glubyte>& pixels,
 int duration);

static int writeVideoFrame(AVFormatContext *formatContext,
 OutputStream *ost,
 const std::vector<glubyte>& pixels,
 int duration);

static void closeStream(AVFormatContext *formatContext, OutputStream *ost);

static void fillRGBImage(AVFrame *frame, int width, int height,
 const std::vector<glubyte>& pixels);

#ifdef av_err2str
#undef av_err2str
#include <string>
av_always_inline std::string av_err2string(int errnum) {
 char str[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
 return av_make_error_string(str, AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE, errnum);
}
#define av_err2str(err) av_err2string(err).c_str()
#endif // av_err2str

FFmpeg::FFmpeg(int width, int height, int fps, const char *fileName)
: videoStream{ 0 }
, formatContext{ nullptr } {
 const AVOutputFormat *outputFormat;
 const AVCodec *videoCodec{ nullptr };
 AVDictionary *opt{ nullptr };
 int ret{ 0 };

 av_dict_set(&opt, "crf", "17", 0);

 /* Allocate the output media context. */
 avformat_alloc_output_context2(&this->formatContext, nullptr, nullptr, fileName);
 if (!this->formatContext) {
 std::cout << "Could not deduce output format from file extension: using MPEG." << std::endl;
 avformat_alloc_output_context2(&this->formatContext, nullptr, "mpeg", fileName);
 
 if (!formatContext)
 exit(-14);
 }

 outputFormat = this->formatContext->oformat;

 /* Add the video stream using the default format codecs
 * and initialize the codecs. */
 if (outputFormat->video_codec == AV_CODEC_ID_NONE) {
 std::cout << "The output format doesn't have a default codec video." << std::endl;
 exit(-15);
 }

 addStream(
 &this->videoStream,
 this->formatContext,
 &videoCodec,
 outputFormat->video_codec,
 width,
 height,
 fps
 );
 openVideo(this->formatContext, videoCodec, &this->videoStream, opt);
 av_dump_format(this->formatContext, 0, fileName, 1);
 
 /* open the output file, if needed */
 if (!(outputFormat->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) {
 ret = avio_open(&this->formatContext->pb, fileName, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE);
 if (ret < 0) {
 std::cout << "Could not open '" << fileName << "': " << std::string{ av_err2str(ret) } << std::endl;
 exit(-16);
 }
 }

 /* Write the stream header, if any. */
 ret = avformat_write_header(this->formatContext, &opt);
 if (ret < 0) {
 std::cout << "Error occurred when opening output file: " << av_err2str(ret) << std::endl;
 exit(-17);
 }

 av_dict_free(&opt);
}

FFmpeg::~FFmpeg() {
 if (this->formatContext) {
 /* Close codec. */
 closeStream(this->formatContext, &this->videoStream);

 if (!(this->formatContext->oformat->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) {
 /* Close the output file. */
 avio_closep(&this->formatContext->pb);
 }

 /* free the stream */
 avformat_free_context(this->formatContext);
 }
}

void FFmpeg::Record(
 const std::vector<glubyte>& pixels,
 unsigned frameIndex,
 int duration,
 bool isLastIndex
) {
 static bool encodeVideo{ true };
 if (encodeVideo)
 encodeVideo = !writeVideoFrame(this->formatContext,
 &this->videoStream,
 pixels,
 duration);

 if (isLastIndex) {
 av_write_trailer(this->formatContext);
 encodeVideo = false;
 }
}

int writeFrame(AVFormatContext *fmt_ctx, AVCodecContext *c,
 AVStream *st, AVFrame *frame, AVPacket *pkt) {
 int ret;

 // send the frame to the encoder
 ret = avcodec_send_frame(c, frame);
 if (ret < 0) {
 std::cout << "Error sending a frame to the encoder: " << av_err2str(ret) << std::endl;
 exit(-2);
 }

 while (ret >= 0) {
 ret = avcodec_receive_packet(c, pkt);
 if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF)
 break;
 else if (ret < 0) {
 std::cout << "Error encoding a frame: " << av_err2str(ret) << std::endl;
 exit(-3);
 }

 /* rescale output packet timestamp values from codec to stream timebase */
 av_packet_rescale_ts(pkt, c->time_base, st->time_base);
 pkt->stream_index = st->index;

 /* Write the compressed frame to the media file. */
 ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(fmt_ctx, pkt);
 /* pkt is now blank (av_interleaved_write_frame() takes ownership of
 * its contents and resets pkt), so that no unreferencing is necessary.
 * This would be different if one used av_write_frame(). */
 if (ret < 0) {
 std::cout << "Error while writing output packet: " << av_err2str(ret) << std::endl;
 exit(-4);
 }
 }

 return ret == AVERROR_EOF ? 1 : 0;
}

void addStream(OutputStream *ost, AVFormatContext *formatContext,
 const AVCodec **codec, enum AVCodecID codec_id,
 int width, int height, int fps) {
 AVCodecContext *c;
 int i;

 /* find the encoder */
 *codec = avcodec_find_encoder(codec_id);
 if (!(*codec)) {
 std::cout << "Could not find encoder for " << avcodec_get_name(codec_id) << "." << std::endl;
 exit(-5);
 }

 ost->tmpPkt = av_packet_alloc();
 if (!ost->tmpPkt) {
 std::cout << "Could not allocate AVPacket." << std::endl;
 exit(-6);
 }

 ost->st = avformat_new_stream(formatContext, nullptr);
 if (!ost->st) {
 std::cout << "Could not allocate stream." << std::endl;
 exit(-7);
 }

 ost->st->id = formatContext->nb_streams-1;
 c = avcodec_alloc_context3(*codec);
 if (!c) {
 std::cout << "Could not alloc an encoding context." << std::endl;
 exit(-8);
 }
 ost->enc = c;

 switch ((*codec)->type) {
 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:
 c->codec_id = codec_id;
 c->bit_rate = 6000000;
 /* Resolution must be a multiple of two. */
 c->width = width;
 c->height = height;
 /* timebase: This is the fundamental unit of time (in seconds) in terms
 * of which frame timestamps are represented. For fixed-fps content,
 * timebase should be 1/framerate and timestamp increments should be
 * identical to 1. */
 ost->st->time_base = { 1, fps };
 c->time_base = ost->st->time_base;
 c->framerate = { fps, 1 };

 c->gop_size = 0; /* emit one intra frame every twelve frames at most */
 c->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
 if (c->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO) {
 /* just for testing, we also add B-frames */
 c->max_b_frames = 2;
 }
 if (c->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO) {
 /* Needed to avoid using macroblocks in which some coeffs overflow.
 * This does not happen with normal video, it just happens here as
 * the motion of the chroma plane does not match the luma plane.*/
 c->mb_decision = 2;
 }
 break;

 default:
 break;
 }

 /* Some formats want stream headers to be separate. */
 if (formatContext->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER)
 c->flags |= AV_CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
}

AVFrame *allocFrame(enum AVPixelFormat pix_fmt, int width, int height) {
 AVFrame *frame{ av_frame_alloc() };
 int ret;

 if (!frame)
 return nullptr;

 frame->format = pix_fmt;
 frame->width = width;
 frame->height = height;

 /* allocate the buffers for the frame data */
 ret = av_frame_get_buffer(frame, 0);
 if (ret < 0) {
 std::cout << "Could not allocate frame data." << std::endl;
 exit(-8);
 }

 return frame;
}

void openVideo(AVFormatContext *formatContext, const AVCodec *codec,
 OutputStream *ost, AVDictionary *opt_arg) {
 int ret;
 AVCodecContext *c{ ost->enc };
 AVDictionary *opt{ nullptr };

 av_dict_copy(&opt, opt_arg, 0);

 /* open the codec */
 ret = avcodec_open2(c, codec, &opt);
 av_dict_free(&opt);
 if (ret < 0) {
 std::cout << "Could not open video codec: " << av_err2str(ret) << std::endl;
 exit(-9);
 }

 /* Allocate and init a re-usable frame. */
 ost->frame = allocFrame(c->pix_fmt, c->width, c->height);
 if (!ost->frame) {
 std::cout << "Could not allocate video frame." << std::endl;
 exit(-10);
 }

 /* If the output format is not RGB24, then a temporary RGB24
 * picture is needed too. It is then converted to the required
 * output format. */
 ost->tmpFrame = nullptr;
 if (c->pix_fmt != AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24) {
 ost->tmpFrame = allocFrame(AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24, c->width, c->height);
 if (!ost->tmpFrame) {
 std::cout << "Could not allocate temporary video frame." << std::endl;
 exit(-11);
 }
 }

 /* Copy the stream parameters to the muxer. */
 ret = avcodec_parameters_from_context(ost->st->codecpar, c);
 if (ret < 0) {
 std::cout << "Could not copy the stream parameters." << std::endl;
 exit(-12);
 }
}

AVFrame *getVideoFrame(OutputStream *ost,
 const std::vector<glubyte>& pixels,
 int duration) {
 AVCodecContext *c{ ost->enc };

 /* check if we want to generate more frames */
 if (av_compare_ts(ost->nextPts, c->time_base,
 duration, { 1, 1 }) > 0) {
 return nullptr;
 }

 /* when we pass a frame to the encoder, it may keep a reference to it
 * internally; make sure we do not overwrite it here */
 if (av_frame_make_writable(ost->frame) < 0) {
 std::cout << "It wasn't possible to make frame writable." << std::endl;
 exit(-12);
 }

 if (c->pix_fmt != AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24) {
 /* as we only generate a YUV420P picture, we must convert it
 * to the codec pixel format if needed */
 if (!ost->swsContext) {
 ost->swsContext = sws_getContext(c->width, c->height,
 AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24,
 c->width, c->height,
 c->pix_fmt,
 SWS_BICUBIC, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
 if (!ost->swsContext) {
 std::cout << "Could not initialize the conversion context." << std::endl;
 exit(-13);
 }
 }

 fillRGBImage(ost->tmpFrame, c->width, c->height, pixels);
 sws_scale(ost->swsContext, (const uint8_t * const *) ost->tmpFrame->data,
 ost->tmpFrame->linesize, 0, c->height, ost->frame->data,
 ost->frame->linesize);
 } else
 fillRGBImage(ost->frame, c->width, c->height, pixels);

 ost->frame->pts = ost->nextPts++;

 return ost->frame;
}

int writeVideoFrame(AVFormatContext *formatContext,
 OutputStream *ost,
 const std::vector<glubyte>& pixels,
 int duration) {
 return writeFrame(formatContext,
 ost->enc,
 ost->st,
 getVideoFrame(ost, pixels, duration),
 ost->tmpPkt);
}

void closeStream(AVFormatContext *formatContext, OutputStream *ost) {
 avcodec_free_context(&ost->enc);
 av_frame_free(&ost->frame);
 av_frame_free(&ost->tmpFrame);
 av_packet_free(&ost->tmpPkt);
 sws_freeContext(ost->swsContext);
}

static void fillRGBImage(AVFrame *frame, int width, int height,
 const std::vector<glubyte>& pixels) {
 // Copy pixel data into the frame
 int inputLineSize{ 3 * width }; // 3 bytes per pixel for RGB
 for (int y{ 0 }; y < height; ++y) {
 memcpy(frame->data[0] + y * frame->linesize[0],
 pixels.data() + y * inputLineSize,
 inputLineSize);
 }
}
</glubyte></glubyte></glubyte></glubyte></string></glubyte></glubyte></glubyte></iostream>

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Data Privacy Day 2021 : Five ways to embrace privacy into your business
Welcome to Data Privacy Day 2021 !
This year we are excited to announce that we are participating as a #PrivacyAware Champion for DPD21 through the National Cyber Security Alliance. This means that on this significant day we are in partnership with hundreds of other organisations and businesses to share a unified message that empowers individuals to “Own Your Privacy” and for organisations to “Respect Privacy.”
"Last year dawned a new era in the way many businesses operate from a traditional office work setting to a remote working from home environment for employees. This now means it’s more important than ever for your employees to understand how to take ownership of their privacy when working online."
As a Data Privacy Day #PrivacyAware Champion we would like to provide some practical tips and share examples of how the Matomo team helps employees be privacy aware.
Five ways to embrace privacy into your business
1. Create a privacy aware culture within your business
- Get leadership involved.
- Appoint privacy ambassadors within your team.
- Create a privacy awareness campaign where you educate employees on your company privacy policy.
- Share messages about privacy around the office/or in meetings online, on internal message boards, in company newsletters, or emails.
- Teach new employees their role in your privacy culture and reinforce throughout their career.
2. Organise privacy awareness training for your employees
- Invite outside speakers to talk to employees about why privacy matters.
- Engage staff by asking them to consider how privacy and data security applies to the work they do on a daily basis.
- Encourage employees to complete online courses to gain a better understanding of how to avoid privacy risks.
3. Help employees manage their individual privacy
- Better security and privacy behaviours at home will translate to better security and privacy practices at work.
- Teach employees how to update their privacy and security settings on personal accounts.
- Use NCSA’s privacy settings page to help them get started
4. Add privacy to the employee’s toolbox
- Give your employees actual tools they can use to improve their privacy, such as company-branded camera covers or privacy screens for their devices, or virtual private networks (VPNs) to secure their connections.
5. Join Matomo and we’ll be your web analytics experts
- At Matomo, ensuring our users and customers that their privacy is protected is not only a core component of the work we do, it’s why we do what we do ! Find out how.
Want to find out more about data privacy download your free DPD 2021 Champion Toolkit and read our post on “Why is privacy important”.
Team Matomo
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Exceeded GA’s 10M hits data limit, now what ?
21 juin 2019, par Joselyn KhorExceeded GA’s 10M hits data limit, now what ? Matomo has the answers
“Your data volume (1XXM hits) exceeds the limit of 10M hits per month as outlined in our Terms of Service. If you continue to exceed the limit, we will stop processing new data on XXX 21, 2019. Learn more about possible solutions.”
Yikes. Alarm bells were ringing when a Google Analytics free user came to us faced with this notice. Let’s call him ‘Mark’. Mark had reached the limits on the data he could collect through Google Analytics and was shocked by the limited options available to fix the problem, without blowing the budget. The thoughts racing through his head were :
- “What happens to all my data ?”
- “What if Google starts charging USD150K now ?”
Then he came across Matomo and decided to get in touch with our support team …
“Can you fix this issue ?” he asked us.
“Absolutely !” we said.
We’ll get back to helping Mark in a minute. For now let’s go over why this was such a dilemma for him.
In order to resolve this data limits issue, one of the solutions was for him to upgrade to Google Analytics 360, which meant shelling out USD150,000 per year for their 1 billion hits per month option. Going from free to USD150,000 was too much of a stretch for a growing company.
“Your data volume (1XXM hits) exceeds the limit of 10M hits per month …”, what did this message mean ?
With the free version, Mark could collect up to 10 million “hits” per month, per account. Going over meant Google Analytics could stop collecting any more data for free as outlined in their Terms.
Google Analytics’ Terms of Service (2018, sec. 2) states, “Subject to Section 15, the Service is provided without charge to You for up to 10 million Hits per month per account.”[1]
In general, what’s a "hit" ?
Data being sent to Google Analytics. It can be a transaction, event, social interaction or pageview - these all produce what Google calls a “hit”.
Google Analytics Terms of Service And their Analytics Help Data Limits (n.d.) support page makes clear that : “If a property sends more hits per month to Analytics than allowed by the Analytics Terms of Service, there is no assurance that the excess hits will be processed. If the property’s hit volume exceeds this limit, a warning may be displayed in the user interface and you may be prevented from accessing reports.”[2]
Google Analytics’ data limits support page Possible solutions
So the possible solutions given by Google Analytics’ Data Limits support page were (also shown in image below) :
- To pay USD150K to upgrade to Google Analytics 360
- To send fewer hits by setting up sampling
- Or choose the slightly less relevant option to upgrade mobile app tracking to Google Analytics for Firebase.
Without the means to pay, the free version was fast becoming inaccessible for Mark as he was facing a future where he risked no longer having access to up-to-date data used in his business’ reporting.
Mark was facing a problem that potentially didn’t have a cost-effective solution.
Google Analytics’ data limits support page So what can you really do about it ?
This is where we can help provide some assistance. If you’re reading this article, we’ll assume you can relate to Mark and share with you the advice on options we gave him.
Options :
One option posed by Google is for you to send fewer hits by auditing your data collection processes
If you really don’t have the budget, you’ll need to reassess your data collection priorities and go over your strategies to see what is necessary to track, and what isn’t.
- Make sure you know what you’re tracking and why. Look at what websites are being tracked by Google and into what properties.
- Go through what data you’re tracking and decide what is or isn’t of value.
- Set up data sampling, this however, will lead to inaccurate data.
From here you can start to course correct. If you’ve found data you’re not using for analysis, get rid of these events/pageviews in your Google Analytics.
But the limitations here are that eventually, you’re going to run out of irrelevant metrics and everything you’re tracking will be essential. So you’ll hit another brick wall and return to the same situation.
Option 2 – Ignore and continue using the free version of Google Analytics
With this option, you’ll have to bear the business risks involved by basing decisions off of analytics reports that may or may not be updated. In this case, you may still get contacted about exceeding the limits. As the free service is provided for only up to 10 million hits, once you’ve gone over them, you’re violating what’s stipulated in the Terms of Service.
There’s also the warning that “… you may be prevented from accessing reports” (Data limits, n.d.). So while we may not know for certain what Google Analytics will do, in this case it may be better to be safe rather than sorry by acting quickly to resolve it.
Option 3 –The Matomo solution. Upgrade to a web analytics platform that can handle your demanding data requirements
Save money while continuing to gain valuable insights by moving over to Matomo Analytics (recommended)
This is where you can save up to USD130,000 a year. As well as that, the transition from Google Analytics to the Matomo Cloud is a seamless experience as setup and maintenance is taken care of by our experts.
For example, you can get up to 15M pageviews for USD1,612.50/month (or USD19,350/year) on the Essentials plan.
Or even 25M pageviews for USD2400/month (or USD24000/year) on the Business plan – which offers additional web analytics and conversion optimization resources.
Matomo Cloud is a great option if you’re looking for a secure, cost-effective and powerful analytics solution. You also get what Google Analytics could never offer you : full control and ownership of your own data and privacy.
No need to worry about losing your Google Analytics data because …
Now you can import your historic Google Analytics data directly into your Matomo with the Google Analytics Importer tool. Simply follow the step-by-step guide to get started for free.
Along with savings you can get :
- A solution for the data limits issue forever. You choose the right plan to suit your data needs and adapt as you continue growing
- 100% accurate data (no data sampling)
- 100% data ownership of all your information without signing away your data to a third party
- Powerful web analytics and conversion optimization features
- Matomo Tag Manager
- Easy setup
- Support from Matomo’s specialists
Learn more about Matomo Cloud pricing.
Or go for Matomo On-Premise
If you have the in-house infrastructure to support self-hosting Matomo on your own servers then there’s also the option of Matomo On-Premise. Here you’ll get full security knowing the data is on your own servers.
Setup will also require technical knowledge. There will also be costs associated with acquiring your own servers, and keeping up with regular maintenance and updates. With On-Premise you get maximum flexibility, with no data limits whatsoever. But if you’re coming over from Google Analytics and don’t have the infrastructure and team to host On-Premise, the Matomo Cloud could be right for you.
Learn more about Matomo On-Premise.
Where do you go from here ?
Getting 10 millions hits per month is no small feat, it’s actually pretty fantastic. But if it means having to shell out USD150,000 just to be able to continue with Google Analytics, we feel your problem could be fixed with Matomo Cloud. You could then put the rest of the money you save to better use.
If you choose Matomo, you now have the option to :
- Raise your data limits for a fraction of Google Analytics 360’s price
- Get a comprehensive range of analytics features for the most impactful insights to ensure your website continues excelling
- Get data that’s not sampled – meaning 100% accuracy in your reports
- Migrate your data easily with the help of Matomo’s support team
We’ll have you covered.
By sharing with you the options and advice we gave to Mark, we hope you’ll be able to find a solution that makes your life easier and solves the issue of data restrictions forever.
The team at Matomo is here to help you every step of the way to ensure a stress-free transition from Google Analytics if that is what works best for you.
For next steps, why not check out our pricing page to see what could suit your needs !
References :
[1] Terms of Service. (2018, July 24). In Google Analytics Terms of Service. Retrieved June 12, 2019, from https://www.google.com/analytics/terms/us.html
[2] Data limits. (n.d.). In Analytics Help Data limits. Retrieved June 12, 2019, from https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/1070983?hl=en
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