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  • CCPA vs GDPR : Understanding Their Impact on Data Analytics

    19 mars, par Alex Carmona

    With over 400 million internet users in Europe and 331 million in the US (11% of which reside in California alone), understanding the nuances of privacy laws like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) is crucial for compliant and ethical consumer data collection.

    Navigating this compliance landscape can be challenging for businesses serving European and Californian markets.

    This guide explores the key differences between CCPA and GDPR, their impact on data analytics, and how to ensure your business meets these essential privacy requirements.

    What is the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) ?

    The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) is a data privacy law that gives California consumers control over their personal information. It applies to for-profit businesses operating in California that meet specific criteria related to revenue, data collection and sales.

    Origins and purpose

    The CCPA addresses growing concerns about data privacy and how businesses use personal information in California. The act passed in 2018 and went into effect on 1 January 2020.

    Key features

    • Grants consumers the right to know what personal information is collected
    • Provides the right to delete personal information
    • Allows consumers to opt out of the sale of their personal information
    • Prohibits discrimination against consumers who exercise their CCPA rights

    Key definitions under the CCPA framework

    • Business : A for-profit entity doing business in California and meeting one or more of these conditions :
      • Has annual gross revenues over $25 million ;
      • Buys, receives, sells or shares 50,000 or more consumers’ personal information ; or
      • Derives 50% or more of its annual revenues from selling consumers’ personal information
    • Consumer : A natural person who is a California resident
    • Personal Information : Information that could be linked to, related to or used to identify a consumer or household, such as online identifiers, IP addresses, email addresses, social security numbers, cookie identifiers and more

    What is the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) ?

    The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a data privacy and protection law passed by the European Union (EU). It’s one of the strongest and most influential data privacy laws worldwide and applies to all organisations that process the personal data of individuals in the EU.

    Origins and purpose

    The GDPR was passed in 2016 and went into effect on 25 May 2018. It aims to harmonise data privacy laws in Europe and give people in the European Economic Area (EEA) privacy rights and control over their data.

    Key features

    • Applies to all organisations that process the personal data of individuals in the EEA
    • Grants individuals a wide range of privacy rights over their data
    • Requires organisations to obtain explicit and informed consent for most data processing
    • Mandates appropriate security measures to protect personal data
    • Imposes significant fines and penalties for non-compliance

    Key definitions under the GDPR framework

    • Data Subject : An identified or identifiable person
    • Personal Data : Any information relating to a data subject
    • Data Controller : The entity or organisation that determines how personal data is processed and what for
    • Data Processor : The entity or organisation that processes the data on behalf of the controller

    CCPA vs. GDPR : Key similarities

    The CCPA and GDPR enhance consumer privacy rights and give individuals greater control over their data.

    DimensionCCPAGDPR
    PurposeProtect consumer privacyProtect individual data rights
    Key RightsRight to access, delete and opt out of saleRight to access, rectify, erase and restrict processing
    TransparencyRequires transparency around data collection and useRequires transparency about data collection, processing and use

    CCPA vs. GDPR : Key differences

    While they have similar purposes, the CCPA and GDPR differ significantly in their scope, approach and specific requirements.

    DimensionCCPAGDPR
    ScopeFor-profit businesses onlyAll organisations processing EU consumer data
    Territorial ReachCalifornia-based natural personsAll data subjects within the EEA
    ConsentOpt-out systemOpt-in system
    PenaltiesPer violation based on its intentional or negligent natureCase-by-case based on comprehensive assessment
    Individual RightsNarrower (relative to GDPR)Broader (relative to CCPA)

    CCPA vs. GDPR : A multi-dimensional comparison

    The previous sections gave a broad overview of the similarities and differences between CCPA and GDPR. Let’s now examine nine key dimensions where these regulations converge or diverge and discuss their impact on data analytics.

    Regulatory overlap between GDPR and CCPA.

    #1. Scope and territorial reach

    The GDPR has a much broader scope than the CCPA. It applies to all organisations that process the personal data of individuals in the EEA, regardless of their business model, purpose or physical location.

    The CCPA applies to medium and large for-profit businesses that derive a substantial portion of their earnings from selling Californian consumers’ personal information. It doesn’t apply to non-profits, government agencies or smaller for-profit companies.

    Impact on data analytics

    The difference in scope significantly impacts data analytics practices. Smaller businesses may not need to comply with either regulation, some may only need to follow the CCPA, while most global businesses must comply with both. This often requires different methods for collecting and processing data in California, Europe, and elsewhere.

    #2. Penalties and fines for non-compliance

    Both the CCPA and GDPR impose penalties for non-compliance, but the severity of fines differs significantly :

    CCPAMaximum penalty
    $2,500 per unintentional violation
    $7,500 per intentional violation

    “Per violation” means per violation per impacted consumer. For example, three intentional CCPA violations affecting 1,000 consumers would result in 3,000 total violations and a $22.5 million maximum penalty (3,000 × $7,500).

    The largest CCPA fine to date was Zoom’s $85 million settlement in 2021.

    In contrast, the GDPR has resulted in 2,248 fines totalling almost €6.6 billion since 2018 — €2.4 billion of which were for non-compliance.

    GDPRMaximum penalty
    €20 million or
    4% of all revenue earned the previous year

    So far, the biggest fine imposed under the GDPR was Meta’s €1.2 billion fine in May 2023 — 15 times more than Zoom had to pay California.

    Impact on data analytics

    The significant difference in potential fines demonstrates the importance of regulatory compliance for data analytics professionals. Non-compliance can have severe financial consequences, directly affecting budget allocation and business operations.

    Businesses must ensure their data collection, storage and processing practices comply with regulations in both Europe and California.

    Choosing privacy-first, compliance-ready analytics platforms like Matomo is instrumental for mitigating non-compliance risks.

    #3. Data subject rights and consumer rights

    The CCPA and GDPR give people similar rights over their data, but their limitations and details differ.

    Rights common to the CCPA and GDPR

    • Right to Access/Know : People can access their personal information and learn what data is collected, its source, its purpose and how it’s shared
    • Right to Delete/Erasure : People can request the deletion of their personal information, with some exceptions
    • Right to Non-Discrimination : Businesses can’t discriminate against people who exercise their privacy rights

    Consumer rights unique to the CCPA

    • Right to Opt Out of Sale : Consumers can prohibit the sale of their personal information
    • Right to Notice : Businesses must inform consumers about data collection practices
    • Right to Disclosure : Consumers can request specific information collected about them

    Data subject rights unique to the GDPR

    • Right to be Informed : Broader transparency requirements encompass data retention, automated decision-making and international transfers
    • Right to Rectification : Data subjects may request the correction of inaccurate data
    • Right to Restrict Processing : Consumers may limit data use in certain situations
    • Right to Data Portability : Businesses must provide individual consumer data in a secure, portable format when requested
    • Right to Withdraw Consent : Consumers may withdraw previously granted consent to data processing
    CCPAGDPR
    Right to Access or Know
    Right to Delete or Erase
    Right to Non-Discrimination
    Right to Opt-Out
    Right to Notice
    Right to Disclosure
    Right to be Informed
    Right to Rectification
    Right to Restrict Processing
    Right to Data Portability
    Right to Withdraw Consent

    Impact on data analytics

    Data analysts must understand these rights and ensure compliance with both regulations, which could potentially require separate data handling processes for EU and California consumers.

    #4. Opt-out vs. opt-in

    The CCPA generally follows an opt-out model, while the GDPR requires explicit consent from individuals before processing their data.

    Impact on data analytics

    For CCPA compliance, businesses can collect data by default if they provide opt-out mechanisms. Failing to process opt-out requests can result in severe penalties, like Sephora’s $1.2 million fine.

    Under GDPR, organisations must obtain explicit consent before collecting any data, which can limit the amount of data available for analysis.

    #5. Parental consent

    The CCPA and GDPR have provisions regarding parental consent for processing children’s data. The CCPA requires parental consent for children under 13, while the GDPR sets the age at 16, though member states can lower it to 13.

    Impact on data analytics

    This requirement significantly impacts businesses targeting younger audiences. In Europe and the US, companies must implement different methods to verify users’ ages and obtain parental consent when necessary.

    The California Attorney General’s Office recently fined Tilting Point Media LLC $500,000 for sharing children’s data without parental consent.

    #6. Data security requirements

    Both regulations require businesses to implement adequate security measures to protect personal data. However, the GDPR has more prescriptive requirements, outlining specific security measures and emphasising a risk-based approach.

    Impact on data analytics

    Data analytics professionals must ensure that data is processed and stored securely to avoid breaches and potential fines.

    #7. International data transfers

    Both the CCPA and GDPR address international data transfers. Under the CCPA, businesses must only inform consumers about international transfers. The GDPR has stricter requirements, including ensuring adequate data protection safeguards for transfers outside the EEA.

    A world map illustration.

    Other rules, like the Payment Services Directive 2 (PSD2), also affect international data transfers, especially in the financial industry.

    PSD2 requires strong customer authentication and secure communication channels for payment services. This adds complexity to cross-border data flows.

    Impact on data analytics

    The primary impact is on businesses serving European residents from outside Europe. Processing data within the European Union is typically advisable. Meta’s record-breaking €1.2 billion fine was specifically for transferring data from the EEA to the US without sufficient safeguards.

    Choosing the right analytics platform helps avoid these issues.

    For example, Matomo offers a free, open-source, self-hosted analytics platform you can deploy anywhere. You can also choose a managed, GDPR-compliant cloud analytics solution with all data storage and processing servers within the EU (in Germany), ensuring your data never leaves the EEA.

    #8. Enforcement mechanisms

    The California Attorney General is responsible for enforcing CCPA requirements, while in Europe, the Data Protection Authority (DPA) in each EU member state enforces GDPR requirements.

    Impact on data analytics

    Data analytics professionals should be familiar with their respective enforcement bodies and their powers to support compliance efforts and minimise the risk of fines and penalties.

    #9. Legal basis for personal data processing

    The GDPR outlines six legal grounds for processing personal data :

    • Consent
    • Contract
    • Legal obligation
    • Vital interests
    • Public task
    • Legitimate interests

    The CCPA doesn’t explicitly define lawful bases but focuses on consumer rights and transparency in general.

    Impact on data analytics

    Businesses subject to the GDPR must identify and document a valid lawful basis for each processing activity.

    Compliance rules under CCPA and GDPR

    Complying with the CCPA and GDPR requires a comprehensive approach to data privacy. Here’s a summary of the essential compliance rules for each framework :

    Key compliance points under CCPA and GDPR.

    CCPA compliance rules

    • Create clear and concise privacy policies outlining data collection and use practices
    • Give consumers the right to opt-out
    • Respond to consumer requests to access, delete and correct their personal information
    • Implement reasonable security measures for consumers’ personal data protection
    • Never discriminate against consumers who exercise their CCPA rights

    GDPR compliance rules

    • Obtain explicit and informed consent for data processing activities
    • Implement technical and organisational controls to safeguard personal data
    • Designate a Data Protection Officer (DPO) if necessary
    • Perform data protection impact assessments (DPIAs) for high-risk processing activities
    • Maintain records of processing activities
    • Promptly report data breaches to supervisory authorities

    Navigating the CCPA and GDPR with confidence

    Understanding the nuances of the CCPA and GDPR is crucial for businesses operating in the US and Europe. These regulations significantly impact data collection and analytics practices.

    Implementing robust data security practices and prioritising privacy and compliance are essential to avoid severe penalties and build trust with today’s privacy-conscious consumers.

    Privacy-centric analytics platforms like Matomo enable businesses to collect, analyse and use data responsibly and transparently, extracting valuable insights while maintaining compliance with both CCPA and GDPR requirements.

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  • A Complete Guide to Metrics in Google Analytics

    11 janvier 2024, par Erin

    There’s no denying that Google Analytics is the most popular web analytics solution today. Many marketers choose it to understand user behaviour. But when it offers so many different types of metrics, it can be overwhelming to choose which ones to focus on. In this article, we’ll dive into how metrics work in Google Analytics 4 and how to decide which metrics may be most useful to you, depending on your analytics needs.

    However, there are alternative web analytics solutions that can provide more accurate data and supplement GA’s existing features. Keep reading to learn how to overcome Google Analytics limitations so you can get the more out of your web analytics.

    What is a metric in Google Analytics ?

    In Google Analytics, a metric is a quantitative measurement or numerical data that provides insights into specific aspects of user behaviour. Metrics represent the counts or sums of user interactions, events or other data points. You can use GA metrics to better understand how people engage with a website or mobile app. 

    Unlike the previous Universal Analytics (the previous version of GA), GA4 is event-centric and has automated and simplified the event tracking process. Compared to Universal Analytics, GA4 is more user-centric and lets you hone in on individual user journeys. Some examples of common key metrics in GA4 are : 

    • Sessions : A group of user interactions on your website that occur within a specific time period. A session concludes when there is no user activity for 30 minutes.
    • Total Users : The cumulative count of individuals who accessed your site within a specified date range.
    • Engagement Rate : The percentage of visits to your website or app that included engagement (e.g., one more pageview, one or more conversion, etc.), determined by dividing engaged sessions by sessions.
    Main overview dashboard in GA4 displaying metrics

    Metrics are invaluable when it comes to website and conversion optimisation. Whether you’re on the marketing team, creating content or designing web pages, understanding how your users interact with your digital platforms is essential.

    GA4 metrics vs. dimensions

    GA4 uses metrics to discuss quantitative measurements and dimensions as qualitative descriptors that provide additional context to metrics. To make things crystal clear, here are some examples of how metrics and dimensions are used together : 

    • “Session duration” = metric, “device type” = dimension 
      • In this situation, the dimension can segment the data by device type so you can optimise the user experience for different devices.
    • “Bounce rate” = metric, “traffic source/medium” = dimension 
      • Here, the dimension helps you segment by traffic source to understand how different acquisition channels are performing. 
    • “Conversion rate” = metric, “Landing page” = dimension 
      • When the conversion rate data is segmented by landing page, you can better see the most effective landing pages. 

    You can get into the nitty gritty of granular analysis by combining metrics and dimensions to better understand specific user interactions.

    How do Google Analytics metrics work ?

    Before diving into the most important metrics you should track, let’s review how metrics in GA4 work. 

    GA4 overview dashboard of engagement metrics
    1. Tracking code implementation

    The process begins with implementing Google Analytics 4 tracking code into the HTML of web pages. This tracking code is JavaScript added to each website page — it collects data related to user interactions, events and other important tidbits.

    1. Data collection

    As users interact with the website or app, the Google Analytics 4 tracking code captures various data points (i.e., page views, clicks, form submissions, custom events, etc.). This raw data is compiled and sent to Google Analytics servers for processing.

    1. Data processing algorithms

    When the data reaches Google Analytics servers, data processing algorithms come into play. These algorithms analyse the incoming raw data to identify the dataset’s trends, relationships and patterns. This part of the process involves cleaning and organising the data.

    1. Segmentation and customisation

    As discussed in the previous section, Google Analytics 4 allows for segmentation and customisation of data with dimensions. To analyse specific data groups, you can define segments based on various dimensions (e.g., traffic source, device type). Custom events and user properties can also be defined to tailor the tracking to the unique needs of your website or app.

    1. Report generation

    Google Analytics 4 can make comprehensive reports and dashboards based on the processed and segmented data. These reports, often in the form of graphs and charts, help identify patterns and trends in the data.

    What are the most important Google Analytics metrics to track ? 

    In this section, we’ll identify and define key metrics for marketing teams to track in Google Analytics 4. 

    1. Pageviews are the total number of times a specific page or screen on your website or app is viewed by visitors. Pageviews are calculated each time a web page is loaded or reloaded in a browser. You can use this metric to measure the popularity of certain content on your website and what users are interested in. 
    2. Event tracking monitors user interactions with content on a website or app (i.e., clicks, downloads, video views, etc.). Event tracking provides detailed insights into user engagement so you can better understand how users interact with dynamic content. 
    3. Retention rate can be analysed with a pre-made overview report that Google Analytics 4 provides. This user metric measures the percentage of visitors who return to your website or app after their first visit within a specific time period. Retention rate = (users with subsequent visits / total users in the initial cohort) x 100. Use this information to understand how relevant or effective your content, user experience and marketing efforts are in retaining visitors. You probably have more loyal/returning buyers if you have a high retention rate. 
    4. Average session duration calculates the average time users spend on your website or app per session. Average session duration = total duration of all sessions / # of sessions. A high average session duration indicates how interested and engaged users are with your content. 
    5. Site searches and search queries on your website are automatically tracked by Google Analytics 4. These metrics include search terms, number of searches and user engagement post-search. You can use site search metrics to better understand user intent and refine content based on users’ searches. 
    6. Entrance and exit pages show where users first enter and leave your site. This metric is calculated by the percentage of sessions that start or end on a specific page. Knowing where users are entering and leaving your site can help identify places for content optimisation. 
    7. Device and browser info includes data about which devices and browsers websites or apps visitors use. This is another metric that Google Analytics 4 automatically collects and categorises during user sessions. You can use this data to improve the user experience on relevant devices and browsers. 
    8. Bounce rate is the percentage of single-page sessions where users leave your site or app without interacting further. Bounce rate = (# of single-page sessions / total # of sessions) x 100. Bounce rate is useful for determining how effective your landing pages are — pages with high bounce rates can be tweaked and optimised to enhance user engagement.

    Examples of how Matomo can elevate your web analytics

    Although Google Analytics is a powerful tool for understanding user behaviour, it also has privacy concerns, limitations and a list of issues. Another web analytics solution like Matomo can help fill those gaps so you can get the most out of your analytics.

    Examples of how Matomo and GA4 can elevate each other
    1. Cross-verify and validate your observations from Google Analytics by comparing data from Matomo’s Heatmaps and Session Recordings for the same pages. This process grants you access to these advanced features that GA4 does not offer.
    Matomo's heatmaps feature
    1. Matomo provides you with greater accuracy thanks to its privacy-friendly design. Unlike GA4, Matomo can be configured to operate without cookies. This means increased accuracy without intrusive cookie consent screens interrupting the user experience. It’s a win for you and for your users. Matomo also doesn’t apply data sampling so you can rest assured that the data you see is 100% accurate.
    1. Unlike GA4, Matomo offers direct access to customer support so you can save time sifting through community forum threads and online documentation. Gain personalised assistance and guidance for your analytics questions, and resolve issues efficiently.
    Screenshot of the Form Analytics Dashboard, showing data and insights on form usage and performance
    1. Matomo’s Form Analytics and Media Analytics extend your analytics capabilities beyond just pageviews and event tracking.

      Tracking user interactions with forms can tell you which fields users struggle with, common drop-off points, in addition to which parts of the form successfully guide visitors towards submission.

      See first-hand how Concrete CMS 3x their leads using Matomo’s Form Analytics.

      Media Analytics can provide insight into how users interact with image, video, or audio content on your website. You can use this feature to assess the relevance and popularity of specific content by knowing what your audience is engaged by.

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    Final thoughts

    Although Google Analytics is a powerful tool on its own, Matomo can elevate your web analytics by offering advanced features, data accuracy and a privacy-friendly design. Don’t play a guessing game with your data — Matomo provides 100% accurate data so you don’t have to rely on AI or machine learning to fill in the gaps. Matomo can be configured cookieless which also provides you with more accurate data and a better user experience. 

    Lastly, Matomo is fully compliant with some of the world’s strictest privacy regulations like GPDR. You won’t have to sacrifice compliance for accurate, high quality data. 

    Start your 21-day free trial of Matomo — no credit card required.

  • CRO Testing : The 6-Steps for Maximising Conversion Rates

    10 mars 2024, par Erin

    It’s a nightmare every marketing manager faces. Traffic is soaring after you’ve launched new digital marketing campaigns, but conversions have barely moved.

    Sound familiar ?

    The good news is you’re not alone — loads of marketing managers struggle to get potential customers to purchase. The better news is that you can test dozens of strategies to turn around your site’s fortunes. 

    Conversion rate optimisation testing (CRO testing for short) is the name for this kind of experimentation — and it can send conversion rates and revenue soaring.

    In this article, we’ll explain CRO testing and how you can start doing it today using Matomo. 

    What is CRO Testing ? 

    CRO testing is optimising your site’s conversion funnel using a series of experiments designed to improve conversion rates.

    A CRO test can take several forms, but it usually involves changing one or more elements of your landing page. It looks something like this :

    1. You hypothesise what you expect to happen.
    2. You then run an A/B test using a dedicated CRO platform or tool.
    3. This tool will divide your site’s traffic, sending one segment to one variation and the other segment to another.
    4. The CRO tool will measure conversions, track statistical significance, and declare one variation the winner. 

    A CRO tool isn’t the only software you can use to gather data when running tests. There are several other valuable data sources, including :

    • A web analytics platform : to identify issues with your website
    • User surveys : to find out what your target audience thinks about your site
    • Heatmaps : to learn where users focus their attention
    • Session recordings : to discover how visitors browse your site

    Use as many of these features, tools, and methods as you can when brainstorming hypotheses and measuring results. After all, your CRO test is only as good as your data.

    On that note, we need to mention the importance of data accuracy when researching issues with your website and running CRO tests. If you trust a platform like Google Analytics that uses data sampling (where only a subset of data is analysed), then there’s a risk you make business decisions based on inaccurate reports.

    In practice, that could see you overestimate the effectiveness of a landing page, potentially wasting thousands in ad spend on poorly converting pages. 

    That’s why over a million websites rely on Matomo as their web analytics solution—it doesn’t sample data, providing 100% accurate website traffic insights you can trust to make informed decisions.

    Try Matomo for Free

    Get the web insights you need, without compromising data accuracy.

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    Types of CRO Testing 

    There are three core types of CRO tests :

    A/B testing

    A/B testing, or split testing, is when you test two versions of the same page against each other. Usually, the two pages have only one difference, such as a new headline or a different CTA. 

    An A/B test setup in Matomo

    In the test above, for example, we test what happens if we remove one of the affiliate links from a page. We hypothesise that conversions won’t change because these links aren’t effective.

    A/B/n testing

    A/B/n testing is when you test multiple variations of the same element on the same page. 

    Rather than just testing one headline against another, for example, you test multiple different headlines at once.

    A screenshot of A/B test results run using Matomo

    In the test above in Matomo, we’re testing a website’s original header against a wider and smaller version. It turns out the wider header converts significantly better. 

    Multivariate testing

    In a multivariate CRO test, you test multiple different elements at the same time. That could mean testing combining a different headline, CTA button, and image. 

    Multivariate testing can save time because you test multiple elements at once and find the best combination of elements. But you’ll usually need a lot of traffic to find a statistically significant result.

    Why is CRO testing important ?

    Who doesn’t want more conversions, right ? Improving your conversion rate is the core benefit of running a CRO test, but there are a couple of other reasons you should do it, too :

    Why Is CRO Testing Important?

    Improve conversion rates

    How well does your website convert visitors ? The average conversion rate of a typical website is 2.35%, but better-performing websites have significantly higher conversion rates. The top 25% of websites across all industries convert at a rate of 5.31% or higher.

    CRO testing is the best way to improve your site’s conversion rate by tweaking elements of your website and implementing the best results. And because it’s based on data, not your intuition, you’re likely to identify changes that move the needle. 

    Optimise the user experience

    CRO tests are also a great way to improve your site’s user experience. The process of CRO testing forces you to understand how users navigate your website using heatmaps and session recordings and fix the issues they face. 

    You could simplify your form fields to make them easier to fill in, for example, or make your pages easier to navigate. In both cases, your actions will also increase conversion rates.

    Decrease acquisition costs

    Improving your conversion rate using CRO testing will usually mean a decrease in customer acquisition costs and other conversion metrics

    After all, if the cost of your PPC ads stays the same but you convert more traffic, then each new customer will cost less to acquire.

    How to do CRO testing in 6 steps 

    Ready to get your hands dirty ? Follow these six steps to set up your first CRO test :

    Have a clear goal

    Don’t jump straight into testing. You need to be clear about what you want to achieve ; otherwise, you risk wasting time on irrelevant experiments. 

    If you’re unsure what to focus on, look back through your web analytics data and other tools like heatmaps, form analytics, and session recordings to get a feel for some of your site’s biggest conversion roadblocks. 

    Maybe there’s a page with a much lower conversion rate, for example — or a form that most users fail to complete. 

    If it’s the former, then your goal could be to increase the conversion rate of this specific landing page by 25%, bringing it in line with your site’s average. 

    The Goals dashboard in Matomo

    Make sure your new conversion goal is set up properly in your website analytics platform, too. This will ensure you’re tracking conversions accurately. 

    Set a hypothesis

    Now you’ve got a goal, it’s time to create a hypothesis. Based on your available research, a hypothesis is an assumption you make about your conversion rate optimisation test.

    A heatmap of your poorly converting landing page may show that users aren’t focusing on your CTA button because it’s hidden below the fold. 

    You could hypothesise that by placing the CTA button directly under your headline above the fold, your conversion rate should increase. 

    Whatever your goal, you can use the following template to write a hypothesis :

    If we [make this specific change], then [this specific outcome] will occur because [reason].

    Design your test elements

    Most marketing managers won’t be able to run CRO tests independently. A team of talented experts must create the assets you need for a successful experimentation. This includes designers, copywriters, and web developers. 

    Don’t just have them create one new element at a time. Accelerate the process by having your team create dozens of designs simultaneously. That way, you can run a new CRO test as soon as your current test has finished. 

    Create and launch the test

    It’s time to launch your test. Use a CRO tool to automate building your test and tracking results. 

    With Matomo’s A/B Testing feature, it’s as easy as giving your test a name, writing a hypothesis and description, and uploading the URLs of your page variants.

    How to create a new A/B test in Matomo

    Matomo handles everything else, giving you a detailed breakdown at the end of the test with the winning variant. 

    Try Matomo for Free

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    Analyse the results

    You can only review the results of your CRO test once it has reached statistical significance — which means the observed outcome isn’t the result of chance.

    In the same way you wouldn’t say a die is unbiased after three rolls, you need thousands of visitors to see your landing pages and take action before deciding which is better. 

    Luckily, most CRO testing platforms, including Matomo, will highlight when a test reaches statistical significance. That means you only need to look at the result to see if your hypothesis is correct. 

    Implement and repeat

    Was your test a success ? Great, you can implement the results and test a new element. 

    Yep, that’s right. There’s no time to rest on your laurels. Continuous CRO testing is necessary to squeeze every conversion possible from your website. Just like fashion trends, website effectiveness changes over time. What works today might not work tomorrow, making ongoing CRO testing beneficial and necessary.

    That’s why it’s a good idea to choose a CRO testing platform like Matomo with no data limits.

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    CRO testing examples you can run today 

    There’s no shortage of CRO tests you can run. Here are some experiments to get started with :

    Change your CTA design and copy

    Calls to action (CTAs) are the best elements to optimise during your first CRO test. You can change many things about them ; even the smallest optimisation can have a huge impact. 

    Just take a look at the image below to see how diverse your CTAs could be :

    A range of different CTA buttons

    Changing your CTA’s copy is a great place to start, especially if you have generic instructions like “Apply Now.”

    Try a more specific instruction like “Download your free trial” or “Buy now to get 30% off.” Or test benefit-led instructions like “Reduce your ad spend today” or “Take back control of your data.”

    Changing the colour of your CTAs can also yield more conversions. Bright colours are always a good bet. Just make sure your button stands out from the rest of your page. 

    Move the CTA button placement

    The placement of your CTA can be just as important as its copy or colour. If it’s down at the bottom of your page, there’s a good chance most of your visitors will miss it. 

    Try moving it above the fold to see if that makes a difference. Then, test multiple CTA buttons as opposed to just one. 

    Heatmaps and session recordings can identify whether this test is worthwhile. If users rarely focus on your CTA or just don’t scroll far enough to find it, then it’s a good bet you could see an uptick in conversions by moving it. 

    Try different headlines

    Your website’s headlines are another great place to start CRO testing. These are usually the first (and sometimes only) things visitors read, so optimising them as much as possible makes sense. 

    There are entire books written about creating persuasive headlines, but start with one of the following tactics :

    • Include a benefit
      • “Achieve radiant skin—discover the secret !”
    • Add numbers
      • “3 foolproof methods for saving money on your next vacation”
    • Using negative words instead of positive ones
      • “Avoid these 7 mistakes to unlock your potential for personal growth”
    • Shortening or lengthening your headline
      • Shortened : “Crush your fitness goals : Expert tips for success”
      • Lengthened : “Embark on your fitness journey : Learn from experts with proven tips to crush your wellness goals”

    Add more trust signals

    Adding trust signals to your website, such as brand logos, customer reviews, and security badges, can increase your conversion rate.

    We use it at Matomo by adding the logos of well-known clients like the United Nations and Amnesty International underneath our CTAs.

    Trust signals on the Matomo website

    It’s incredibly effective, too. Research by Edelman finds that trust is among the top three most important buying decision factors, above brand likeability.

    Start CRO testing with Matomo

    CRO testing is a data-backed method to improve your site’s conversion rate, making it more user-friendly and decreasing customer acquisition costs. Even a small improvement will be worth the cost of the tools and your time. 

    Fortunately, there’s no need to allocate hundreds of dollars monthly for multiple specialised testing tools. With Matomo, you get a comprehensive platform offering web analytics, user behaviour insights, and CRO testing – all conveniently bundled into one solution. Matomo’s pricing starts from just $19 per month, making it accessible to businesses of all sizes.

    Plus, rest assured knowing that you are GDPR compliant and the data provided is 100% accurate, ethically empowering you to make informed decisions with confidence.

    Take the first step on your CRO testing journey by trying Matomo free for 21 days ; no credit card required.