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• How do I properly save an animation involving circles with matplotlib.animation and ffmpeg ?

  12 juillet 2020, par bghost

  I recently tried out matplotlib.animation, and it's a wonderful tool. I can now make and save basic animations (ie that only involve straight lines) without any issues. However, when I made an animation involving circles, even though the interactive display was perfect, the saved mp4 file wasn't really satisfying. In the mp4 file, the edges of the circles were blurred, and if the circles were made semi-transparent (ie with an alpha value < 1), they all suddenly became completely opaque after a couple of frames. I suspected it was due to the fact that my bitrate wasn't high enough, but I went up to 10000 kb/s (instead of 1800), and exactly the same phenomenon occurred.

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  What can be done to solve these 2 issues (blurred edges + negated transparency) in the generated mp4 file ?

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  Here is a simple animation that describes what I just said :

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  import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(11, 7))
ax = plt.axes(xlim=(-1.2, 1.2), ylim=(-0.7, 0.7))
ax.set_aspect('equal')

dict_circles = {}
dict_circles['ring'] = plt.Circle((-0.5, 0), 0.5, color='b', lw=2, fill=False)
dict_circles['disk'] = plt.Circle((-0.5, 0), 0.5, color='b', alpha=0.2)

def init():
    for circle in dict_circles.values():
        ax.add_patch(circle)
    return(dict_circles.values())

nb_frames = 100
X_center = np.linspace(-0.5, 0.5, nb_frames)

def animate(frame):
    for circle in dict_circles.values():
        circle.center = (X_center[frame], 0)
        ax.add_patch(circle)
    return(dict_circles.values())

ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, init_func=init, frames=nb_frames, blit=True, interval=10, repeat=False)
plt.show()

plt.rcParams['animation.ffmpeg_path'] = 'C:\\ffmpeg\\bin\\ffmpeg.exe'
Writer = animation.writers['ffmpeg']
writer_ref = Writer(fps=15, bitrate=1800)

ani.save('Blue circle.mp4', writer=writer_ref)


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• Lossless trim and crop of MJPEG video

  28 avril 2021, par prouast

  I am working on a project where I need to trim and crop MJPEG videos without any re-encoding. I have working code that accomplishes this by exporting the relevant frames as JPEGs, cropping them individually, and then joining them back together into an MJPEG.

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  However, this seems quite inefficient and slow. I am looking for pointers how to improve this approach. For example, would it be possible to store the JPEGs in-memory ?

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  import ffmpeg
import os
import shutil
import subprocess

def lossless_trim_and_crop(path, output_path, start, end, x, y, width, height, fps):
  # Trim the video in time and export all individual jpeg with ffmpeg + mjpeg2jpeg
  jpeg_folder = os.path.splitext(output_path)[0]
  jpeg_path = os.path.join(jpeg_folder, "frame_%03d.jpg")
  stream = ffmpeg.input(path, ss=start/fps, t=(end-start)/fps)
  stream = ffmpeg.output(stream, jpeg_path, vcodec='copy', **{'bsf:v': 'mjpeg2jpeg'})
  stream.run(quiet=True)
  # Crop all individual jpeg with jpegtran
  for filename in os.listdir(jpeg_folder):
    filepath = os.path.join(jpeg_folder, filename)
    out_filepath = os.path.splitext(filepath)[0] + "_c.jpg"
    subprocess.call(
      "jpegtran -perfect -crop {}x{}+{}+{} -outfile {} {}".format(
        width, height, x, y, out_filepath, filepath), shell=True)
    os.remove(filepath)
  # Join individual jpg back together
  cropped_jpeg_path = os.path.join(jpeg_folder, "frame_%03d_c.jpg")
  stream = ffmpeg.input(cropped_jpeg_path, framerate=fps)
  stream = ffmpeg.output(stream, output_path, vcodec='copy')
  stream.run(quiet=True)
  # Delete jpeg directory
  shutil.rmtree(jpeg_folder)


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• HLS implementation with FFmpeg

  6 juin 2017, par Joseph K

  I am trying to implement HLS using FFmpeg for transcoding + segmenting but have been facing a couple of issues that have been bugging me for the past week.

  Issue

  Webserver currently receives live MP4 fragments being recorded on-the-go and needs to take care of transcoding and segmentation.

  As mp4 fragments are being received, they need to be encoded. Then segmented. If i run a segmenter (be it ffmpeg or apple mediastreamsegmenter), every mp4 fragment is being treated as a VOD by itself and I’m not being able to integrate them as part of a larger live event implementation.

  I thought of a solution where every time I receive an mp4 fragment, I first use fmpeg to concatenate it with previous ones to form the larger mp4 that I then pass to be segmented for HLS. That did not work either because the entire stream has to be re-segmented each and every time and existing TS fragments replaced by new ones that are similar yet shifted in time.

  Implementation 1

  ffmpeg -re -i fragmentX.mp4 -b:v 118k -b:a 32k -vcodec copy -preset:v veryfast -acodec aac -strict -2 -ac 2 -f mpegts -y fragmentX.ts

  I manage the m3u8 manifest on my own, deleting old fragments and appending new ones.

  When validating the stream, I find it stacked with EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY tags making the stream unwatchable.

  Implementation 2

  First combine latest fragment with overall.mp4

  ffmpeg -i "concat:newfragment.mp4|existing.mp4" -c copy overall.mp4

  Then pass the combination to ffmpeg for HLS segmentation

  ffmpeg -re -i overall.mp4 -ac 2 -r 20 -vcodec libx264 -b:v 318k -preset:v veryfast -acodec aac -strict -2 -b:a 32k -hls_time 2 -hls_list_size 3 -hls_allow_cache 0 -hls_base_url /Users/JosephKalash/Desktop/test/350/ -hls_segment_filename ’350/fragment%03d.ts’ -hls_flags delete_segments 350/index.m3u8

  Concatenation is not perfect and there are noticeable glitches where the fragments are supposed to be stitched. Segmentation replaces older fragments and the manifest is rewritten as if it’s a new HLS stream every time ffmpeg is called.

  I cannot figure out how to get this to work properly.

  Any ideas ?