Recherche avancée

Sur d’autres sites (6420)

• Unable to stream video file from MediaMTX media server to browser via WebRTC

  8 juin 2024, par thegreatjedi

  I took over a repository at work. It's a working demo comprising a web server which receives video and camera feeds from a media server (built from the rtsp-simple-server Docker image) via a RTSP relay server and streams the feeds to the client, all deployed via Docker Compose.

  


  I'm trying to switch over to use WebRTC instead. rtsp-simple-server has upgraded into MediaMTX since the time the demo was created 2 years ago. This is the relevant section of the updated Docker Compose configuration :

  


    media-server:
    image: bluenviron/mediamtx:latest-ffmpeg
    expose:
      - 8889
    init: true
    ports:
      - 8889:8889
    restart: unless-stopped
    volumes:
      - type: bind
        source: ./demo/vids
        target: /vids
      - type: bind
        source: ./demo/mediamtx.yml
        target: /mediamtx.yml


  


  Relevant part of the MediaMTX custom configuration in mediamtx.yml :

  


  ###############################################
# Path settings

# Settings in "paths" are applied to specific paths, and the map key
# is the name of the path.
# Any setting in "pathDefaults" can be overridden here.
# It's possible to use regular expressions by using a tilde as prefix,
# for example "~^(test1|test2)$" will match both "test1" and "test2",
# for example "~^prefix" will match all paths that start with "prefix".
paths:
  # example:
  # my_camera:
  #   source: rtsp://my_camera
  ~^demo\d+$:
    runOnDemand: ffmpeg -re -stream_loop -1 -i /vids/$MTX_PATH.mp4 -c:v libvpx -b:v 0 -crf 18 -qmin 18 -qmax 18 -f webm http://localhost:8889/$MTX_PATH/whip

  # Settings under path "all_others" are applied to all paths that
  # do not match another entry.
  all_others:


  


  I've absolutely no experience with WebRTC. This is my first time hearing of this protocol, let alone working with it. From what I understand, I need to convert my demo mp4 videos (which were successfully streaming via RTSP in the previous implementation) to a compatible video codec, so I've opted for VP8.

  


  Before trying to stream the videos into my web server, I tested the stream directly in the browser (tried with both the latest versions of Chrome and Edge). I went to http://localhost:8889/demo0 (which should convert demo0.mp4 to VP8 and then stream it over WebRTC). The video player loaded in the browser but no video data was received and nothing played. After several seconds, the screen displayed "Error : bad status code 400, retrying in some seconds". In the browser console, it showed :

  


  Failed to load resource : the server responded with a status of 400 (Bad Request)

  


  Inside the MediaMTX container's runtime logs, this is what's displayed :

  


  2024-04-02 14:53:08 ffmpeg version 6.1.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2023 the FFmpeg developers
2024-04-02 14:53:08   built with gcc 13.2.1 (Alpine 13.2.1_git20231014) 20231014
2024-04-02 14:53:08   configuration: --prefix=/usr --disable-librtmp --disable-lzma --disable-static --disable-stripping --enable-avfilter --enable-gpl --enable-ladspa --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdrm --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libharfbuzz --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libplacebo --enable-libpulse --enable-librav1e --enable-librist --enable-libsoxr --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libv4l2 --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxcb --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzimg --enable-libzmq --enable-lto=auto --enable-lv2 --enable-openssl --enable-pic --enable-postproc --enable-pthreads --enable-shared --enable-vaapi --enable-vdpau --enable-version3 --enable-vulkan --optflags=-O3 --enable-libjxl --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libvpl
2024-04-02 14:53:08   libavutil      58. 29.100 / 58. 29.100
2024-04-02 14:53:08   libavcodec     60. 31.102 / 60. 31.102
2024-04-02 14:53:08   libavformat    60. 16.100 / 60. 16.100
2024-04-02 14:53:08   libavdevice    60.  3.100 / 60.  3.100
2024-04-02 14:53:08   libavfilter     9. 12.100 /  9. 12.100
2024-04-02 14:53:08   libswscale      7.  5.100 /  7.  5.100
2024-04-02 14:53:08   libswresample   5.  0.100 /  5.  0.100
2024-04-02 14:53:08   libpostproc    57.  3.100 / 57.  3.100
2024-04-02 14:53:08 Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from '/vids/demo0.mp4':
2024-04-02 14:53:08   Metadata:
2024-04-02 14:53:08     major_brand     : isom
2024-04-02 14:53:08     minor_version   : 512
2024-04-02 14:53:08     compatible_brands: isomiso2mp41
2024-04-02 14:53:08     encoder         : Lavf58.76.100
2024-04-02 14:53:08   Duration: 00:00:03.47, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1675 kb/s
2024-04-02 14:53:08   Stream #0:0[0x1](und): Video: mpeg1video (mp4v / 0x7634706D), yuv420p(tv, progressive), 640x360 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 104857 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 90k tbn (default)
2024-04-02 14:53:08     Metadata:
2024-04-02 14:53:08       handler_name    : VideoHandler
2024-04-02 14:53:08       vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
2024-04-02 14:53:08     Side data:
2024-04-02 14:53:08       cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 49152 vbv_delay: N/A
2024-04-02 14:53:08 Stream mapping:
2024-04-02 14:53:08   Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (mpeg1video (native) -> vp8 (libvpx))
2024-04-02 14:53:08 Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
2024-04-02 14:53:08 [libvpx @ 0x7faa8591b8c0] v1.13.1
2024-04-02 14:53:08 [libvpx @ 0x7faa8591b8c0] Bitrate not specified for constrained quality mode, using default of 256kbit/sec
2024-04-02 14:53:08 Output #0, webm, to 'http://localhost:8889/demo0/whip':
2024-04-02 14:53:08   Metadata:
2024-04-02 14:53:08     major_brand     : isom
2024-04-02 14:53:08     minor_version   : 512
2024-04-02 14:53:08     compatible_brands: isomiso2mp41
2024-04-02 14:53:08     encoder         : Lavf60.16.100
2024-04-02 14:53:08   Stream #0:0(und): Video: vp8, yuv420p(tv, progressive), 640x360 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 256 kb/s, 30 fps, 1k tbn (default)
2024-04-02 14:53:08     Metadata:
2024-04-02 14:53:08       handler_name    : VideoHandler
2024-04-02 14:53:08       vendor_id       : [0][0][0][0]
2024-04-02 14:53:08       encoder         : Lavc60.31.102 libvpx
2024-04-02 14:53:08     Side data:
2024-04-02 14:53:08       cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A
2024-04-02 14:53:18 2024/04/02 06:53:18 INF [path demo0] runOnDemand command stopped: timed out
2024-04-02 14:53:18 2024/04/02 06:53:18 INF [WebRTC] [session 0f460c76] closed: source of path 'demo0' has timed out
[out#0/webm @ 0x7faa859487c0] video:272kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 1.042856%
2024-04-02 14:53:18 frame=  315 fps= 32 q=18.0 Lsize=     275kB time=00:00:10.46 bitrate= 215.1kbits/s speed=1.05x    
2024-04-02 14:53:18 Exiting normally, received signal 2.


  


  I'm not sure what this is supposed to mean ? Why isn't the server able to stream this 3-second, 709kb video even once ? The browser connected to the server and the URL successfully, but no data was being transferred.

  


  Just in case, I decided to manually convert all of my mp4 files to webm using ffmpeg, and verified with Window's media player that the webm videos work. Then, I modified MediaMTX's configuration to stream the webm videos directly :

  


  paths:
  # example:
  # my_camera:
  #   source: rtsp://my_camera
  ~^demo\d+$:
    runOnDemand: ffmpeg -re -stream_loop -1 -i /vids/$MTX_PATH.webm -c copy -f webm http://localhost:8889/$MTX_PATH/whip


  


  However, the error persists :

  


  2024-04-02 15:03:58 ffmpeg version 6.1.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2023 the FFmpeg developers
2024-04-02 15:03:58   built with gcc 13.2.1 (Alpine 13.2.1_git20231014) 20231014
2024-04-02 15:03:58   configuration: --prefix=/usr --disable-librtmp --disable-lzma --disable-static --disable-stripping --enable-avfilter --enable-gpl --enable-ladspa --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdrm --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libharfbuzz --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libplacebo --enable-libpulse --enable-librav1e --enable-librist --enable-libsoxr --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libv4l2 --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxcb --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzimg --enable-libzmq --enable-lto=auto --enable-lv2 --enable-openssl --enable-pic --enable-postproc --enable-pthreads --enable-shared --enable-vaapi --enable-vdpau --enable-version3 --enable-vulkan --optflags=-O3 --enable-libjxl --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libvpl
2024-04-02 15:03:58   libavutil      58. 29.100 / 58. 29.100
2024-04-02 15:03:58   libavcodec     60. 31.102 / 60. 31.102
2024-04-02 15:03:58   libavformat    60. 16.100 / 60. 16.100
2024-04-02 15:03:58   libavdevice    60.  3.100 / 60.  3.100
2024-04-02 15:03:58   libavfilter     9. 12.100 /  9. 12.100
2024-04-02 15:03:58   libswscale      7.  5.100 /  7.  5.100
2024-04-02 15:03:58   libswresample   5.  0.100 /  5.  0.100
2024-04-02 15:03:58   libpostproc    57.  3.100 / 57.  3.100
2024-04-02 15:03:58 Input #0, matroska,webm, from '/vids/demo0.webm':
2024-04-02 15:03:58   Metadata:
2024-04-02 15:03:58     COMPATIBLE_BRANDS: isomiso2mp41
2024-04-02 15:03:58     MAJOR_BRAND     : isom
2024-04-02 15:03:58     MINOR_VERSION   : 512
2024-04-02 15:03:58     ENCODER         : Lavf60.16.100
2024-04-02 15:03:58   Duration: 00:00:03.47, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 217 kb/s
2024-04-02 15:03:58   Stream #0:0: Video: vp8, yuv420p(tv, progressive), 640x360, SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 1k tbn (default)
2024-04-02 15:03:58     Metadata:
2024-04-02 15:03:58       HANDLER_NAME    : VideoHandler
2024-04-02 15:03:58       VENDOR_ID       : [0][0][0][0]
2024-04-02 15:03:58       ENCODER         : Lavc60.31.102 libvpx
2024-04-02 15:03:58       DURATION        : 00:00:03.466000000
2024-04-02 15:03:58 Output #0, webm, to 'http://localhost:8889/demo0/whip':
2024-04-02 15:03:58   Metadata:
2024-04-02 15:03:58     COMPATIBLE_BRANDS: isomiso2mp41
2024-04-02 15:03:58     MAJOR_BRAND     : isom
2024-04-02 15:03:58     MINOR_VERSION   : 512
2024-04-02 15:03:58     encoder         : Lavf60.16.100
2024-04-02 15:03:58   Stream #0:0: Video: vp8, yuv420p(tv, progressive), 640x360 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 1k tbn (default)
2024-04-02 15:03:58     Metadata:
2024-04-02 15:03:58       HANDLER_NAME    : VideoHandler
2024-04-02 15:03:58       VENDOR_ID       : [0][0][0][0]
2024-04-02 15:03:58       ENCODER         : Lavc60.31.102 libvpx
2024-04-02 15:03:58       DURATION        : 00:00:03.466000000
2024-04-02 15:03:58 Stream mapping:
2024-04-02 15:03:58   Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (copy)
2024-04-02 15:03:58 Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
2024-04-02 15:04:08 2024/04/02 07:04:08 INF [path demo0] runOnDemand command stopped: timed out
2024-04-02 15:04:08 2024/04/02 07:04:08 INF [WebRTC] [session 829664cb] closed: source of path 'demo0' has timed out
[out#0/webm @ 0x7f04b00515c0] video:281kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 1.023511%
2024-04-02 15:04:08 size=     284kB time=00:00:10.49 bitrate= 221.3kbits/s speed=1.05x    
2024-04-02 15:04:08 Exiting normally, received signal 2.


  


  This is the same when I try to stream my other videos (demo1.mp4, demo2.mp4 etc.). What am I doing wrong ?

  


• How to use multiple cookies in FFmpeg ?

  17 mai 2023, par カルロサグ

  I am trying to use cookies in ffmpeg to download a video that requires cookies

  


  I checked the documentation for multiple cookies using the "-cookies" argument, they must be separated by a newline, but the docs don't show an example of how to do it, there is only an example for the cookies syntax using a single cookie. I've tried "\n" and "\r\n" (used by the "-headers" argument) and they didn't work : I get a 403 response error

  


  Using a regular HTTP client such as curl or aiohttp (python) downloads the video, so the cookies and headers I provided are correct

  


  First test : Cookies as headers

  


  ffprobe -i "https://cdn12.tokyvideo.com/videos/215/215164/mp4/d41bdb167b322ab0b5bf03e9cd64c4c2edb5939e9ba56403afb52297c2ae97be.mp4?nva=20230227154655&nvb=20230223154655&token=0fe81937ec54cc94ab459" -user_agent "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:96.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/96.0" -headers "Accept: */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Host: www.tokyvideo.com
Referer: https://www.tokyvideo.com
Cookie: XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjNzMGJQb3duNVVNNFJFS0VUdW5MV3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMWhQRlVlUUxST01IblFXdFM3ZVQzYUZHd2ZRamdGR2JCejNpSmhaMHlwSjBwcksyeHF0UWRsZFhQd244ZW9wTzNsbmdBd2JiM2luTjR2TVhxdEdNdGJQaXE3S3BJM2J5WVljaEtXbFRMRm1aUjVTS2hQVDFVWkphUkc0bjBZSUsiLCJtYWMiOiI0ODJjZjIxZjkzZGQyZjU2YTAzNjNlYzQxMGU5YTQxYjdlZGZkZGJjYWFiZGNhYzRlMzBhZTZiY2MyYjA5OTI3In0%3D; Domain=tokyvideo.com; expires=Sat, 04-Mar-2023 15:46:56 GMT; Max-Age=604800; Path=/
Cookie: tokyvideo_session=eyJpdiI6InVEUkxxUmdTZDJtZnNmeWpqaE9mTWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoid1kzVTVZbmtpRHJDUDZOc25pMnRMOFBCRk1IOTVXN3dMc3Y5MmlzaGh6NzVZM0xOMlNCOTB5bTFIemdLXC9ZWE14UGhKUHN2OEFJZDZhR241bG5FcGw0aHpHeTRnbUF0cGVVUkVqQUhReXllVTY1TmtGM2hsV0w5a3RxdCtBa09JIiwibWFjIjoiNzUxM2M1MTJiN2RiM2ZmOGZkYzViM2FkY2E1NTgwNjQzY2NjODIyNWQ4ZjRkMWUxZjc5ODU3NzQyZTQ4ZjJiZiJ9; Domain=tokyvideo.com; expires=Sat, 04-Mar-2023 15:46:56 GMT; HttpOnly; Max-Age=604800; Path=/


  


  Returns 403

  


  Second test : Cookies using -cookies the argument

  


  ffprobe -i "https://cdn12.tokyvideo.com/videos/215/215164/mp4/d41bdb167b322ab0b5bf03e9cd64c4c2edb5939e9ba56403afb52297c2ae97be.mp4?nva=20230227154655&nvb=20230223154655&token=0fe81937ec54cc94ab459" -user_agent "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:96.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/96.0" -headers "Accept: */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Host: www.tokyvideo.com
Referer: https://www.tokyvideo.com
" -cookies "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IjNzMGJQb3duNVVNNFJFS0VUdW5MV3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMWhQRlVlUUxST01IblFXdFM3ZVQzYUZHd2ZRamdGR2JCejNpSmhaMHlwSjBwcksyeHF0UWRsZFhQd244ZW9wTzNsbmdBd2JiM2luTjR2TVhxdEdNdGJQaXE3S3BJM2J5WVljaEtXbFRMRm1aUjVTS2hQVDFVWkphUkc0bjBZSUsiLCJtYWMiOiI0ODJjZjIxZjkzZGQyZjU2YTAzNjNlYzQxMGU5YTQxYjdlZGZkZGJjYWFiZGNhYzRlMzBhZTZiY2MyYjA5OTI3In0%3D; Domain=tokyvideo.com; expires=Sat, 04-Mar-2023 15:46:56 GMT; Max-Age=604800; Path=/;
tokyvideo_session=eyJpdiI6InVEUkxxUmdTZDJtZnNmeWpqaE9mTWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoid1kzVTVZbmtpRHJDUDZOc25pMnRMOFBCRk1IOTVXN3dMc3Y5MmlzaGh6NzVZM0xOMlNCOTB5bTFIemdLXC9ZWE14UGhKUHN2OEFJZDZhR241bG5FcGw0aHpHeTRnbUF0cGVVUkVqQUhReXllVTY1TmtGM2hsV0w5a3RxdCtBa09JIiwibWFjIjoiNzUxM2M1MTJiN2RiM2ZmOGZkYzViM2FkY2E1NTgwNjQzY2NjODIyNWQ4ZjRkMWUxZjc5ODU3NzQyZTQ4ZjJiZiJ9; Domain=tokyvideo.com; expires=Sat, 04-Mar-2023 15:46:56 GMT; HttpOnly; Max-Age=604800; Path=/;"


  


  Returns 403, using either "\n" or "\r\n" to split the cookies

  


  Output :

  


    built with gcc 10 (Debian 10.2.1-6)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0+deb11u2 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --arch=amd64 --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --disable-filter=resample --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libdav1d --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libjack --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librabbitmq --enable-librsvg --enable-librubberband --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-lv2 --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opencl --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-pocketsphinx --enable-libmfx --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  libavutil      56. 51.100 / 56. 51.100
  libavcodec     58. 91.100 / 58. 91.100
  libavformat    58. 45.100 / 58. 45.100
  libavdevice    58. 10.100 / 58. 10.100
  libavfilter     7. 85.100 /  7. 85.100
  libavresample   4.  0.  0 /  4.  0.  0
  libswscale      5.  7.100 /  5.  7.100
  libswresample   3.  7.100 /  3.  7.100
  libpostproc    55.  7.100 / 55.  7.100
[https @ 0x557191d9b840] HTTP error 403 Forbidden
https://cdn12.tokyvideo.com/videos/215/215164/mp4/d41bdb167b322ab0b5bf03e9cd64c4c2edb5939e9ba56403afb52297c2ae97be.mp4?nva=20230227154655&nvb=20230223154655&token=0fe81937ec54cc94ab459: Server returned 403 Forbidden (access denied)


  


• Python Discord music bot stops playing a couple of minutes into any song

  9 mars 2023, par knewby

  I am trying to put together a Python Discord music bot as a fun little project. Outside of the required discord library I'm currently using the YouTube API to search for videos and parse the URL (not shown in code), yt-dlp which is a fork of yt_download that is still maintained to get the info from the YT URL, and FFMPEG to play the song obtained from yt-dlp through the bot. My play command seems to work as the 1st YT video result will start to play, but roughly 30-90 seconds into the audio, it stops playing. I get this message in the console :

  


  2023-02-23 14:54:44 IN discord.player ffmpeg process 4848 successfully terminated with return code of 0.

  


  So there is no error for me to go off of. I've included the full output from the console below...

  


  -----------------------------------
groovy-jr#6741 is up and running
-----------------------------------
2023-02-23 14:53:23 INFO     discord.voice_client Connecting to voice...
2023-02-23 14:53:23 INFO     discord.voice_client Starting voice handshake... (connection attempt 1)
2023-02-23 14:53:24 INFO     discord.voice_client Voice handshake complete. Endpoint found us-south1655.discord.media
2023-02-23 14:54:44 INFO     discord.player ffmpeg process 4848 successfully terminated with return code of 0.  <= AUDIO STOPS


  


  I'm currently developing this project on a Windows 11 machine, but I've had the issue running it on my Ubuntu machine as well. I am just hosting the bot directly from the VSCode terminal for development.

  


  I've been trying to do research on this problem, the problem is I can't find many recent information for the issue. There was another post that talked about a similar problem and had an answer suggesting the following FFMPEG options be used which I tried to no avail.

  


  FFMPEG_OPTIONS = {
                    'before_options': '-reconnect 1 -reconnect_streamed 1 -reconnect_delay_max 5',
                    'options': '-vn',
                 }


  


  I'll include the problem file below :

  


  import discord
from discord.ext import commands
from discord import FFmpegPCMAudio
import responses
import youtubeSearch as YT
import yt_dlp

async def send_message(message, user_message, is_private = False):
    try:
        response = responses.handle_response(user_message)
        await message.author.send(response) if is_private else await message.channel.send(response)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)

def run_discord_bot():
    intents = discord.Intents.default()
    intents.message_content = True

    TOKEN = 'xxxxxx'
    client = commands.Bot(command_prefix = '-', intents=intents)

    @client.event
    async def on_ready():
        print('-----------------------------------')
        print(f'{client.user} is up and running')
        print('-----------------------------------')

    @client.command(name='play', aliases=['p'], pass_context = True)
    async def play(ctx, *, search_term:str = None):
        if ctx.author.voice:
            voice = None
            if search_term == None:
                await ctx.send('No song specified.')
                return
            if not ctx.voice_client:
                channel = ctx.message.author.voice.channel
                voice = await channel.connect()
            else:
                voice = ctx.guild.voice_client
            
            url = YT.singleSearch(search_term)
            
            YTDLP_OPTIONS = {
                'format': 'bestaudio/best',
                'extractaudio': True,
                'audioformat': 'mp3',
                'outtmpl': '%(extractor)s-%(id)s-%(title)s.%(ext)s',
                'restrictfilenames': True,
                'noplaylist': True,
                'nocheckcertificate': True,
                'ignoreerrors': False,
                'logtostderr': False,
                'quiet': True,
                'no_warnings': True,
                'default_search': 'ytsearch',
                'source_address': '0.0.0.0',
            }

 =====>     FFMPEG_OPTIONS = {
                'before_options': '-reconnect 1 -reconnect_streamed 1 -reconnect_delay_max 5',
                'options': '-vn',
            }

            with yt_dlp.YoutubeDL(YTDLP_OPTIONS) as ydl:
                info = ydl.extract_info(url, download=False)
                playUrl = info['url']

            source = FFmpegPCMAudio(playUrl, options=FFMPEG_OPTIONS)
            voice.play(source)
        else:
            await ctx.send('You must be in a voice channel to play a song!')
            return

    @client.command(pass_context = True)
    async def leave(ctx):
        if ctx.voice_client:
            await ctx.guild.voice_client.disconnect()
        else:
            await ctx.send("I'm not in a voice channel!")

    @client.command(pass_context = True)
    async def pause(ctx):
        voice = discord.utils.get(client.voice_clients, guild = ctx.guild)
        if voice.is_playing():
            voice.pause()
        else:
            await ctx.send('No audio playing...')

    @client.command(pass_context = True)
    async def resume(ctx):
        voice = discord.utils.get(client.voice_clients, guild = ctx.guild)
        if voice.is_paused():
            voice.resume()
        else:
            await ctx.send('No audio paused...')

    @client.command(pass_context = True)
    async def stop(ctx):
        voice = discord.utils.get(client.voice_clients, guild = ctx.guild)
        voice.stop()

    client.run(TOKEN)


  


  I appreciate any guidance I can get !