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• Decode H264 video using libavcodec, C

  10 janvier 2015, par deadman

  I’m trying to decode a raw h264 file with ffmpeg/libavcodec, but can’t get it to work properly. Output should be a raw YUV-File for now. It’s possible to compile the code with GCC

  gcc -o decoder decoder.c -L./lib/ -llibavcodec -llibavutil

  avcodec.dll, avutil.dll and swresample.dll must be placed in the directory for the .exe to start. Output in the CMD looks like this (only part of it, but its always like this) :

  [h264 @ 00a80f20] reference picture missing during reorder
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] Missing reference picture, default is 65562
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] error while decoding MB 80 54, bytestream -10
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] concealing 1649 DC, 1649 AC, 1649 MV errors in B frame
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] reference picture missing during reorder
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] reference picture missing during reorder
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] reference picture missing during reorder
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] Missing reference picture, default is 65566
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] Missing reference picture, default is 65566
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] Missing reference picture, default is 65566
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] reference picture missing during reorder
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] Missing reference picture, default is 65568
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] reference picture missing during reorder
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] Missing reference picture, default is 65570
  
  [h264 @ 00a80f20] reference picture missing during reorder

  Heres my code

  #include 
  
  #include 
  
  
  
  #ifdef HAVE_AV_CONFIG_H
  
  #undef HAVE_AV_CONFIG_H
  
  #endif
  
  
  
  #include "libavcodec/avcodec.h"
  
  //#include "libavcodec/libavutil/mathematics.h"
  
  
  
  #define INBUF_SIZE 4096
  
  
  
  void video_decode(char *outfilename, char *filename)
  
  {
  
      AVCodec *codec;
  
      AVCodecContext *c= NULL;
  
      int frame, got_picture, len;
  
      FILE *f, *outf;
  
      AVFrame *picture;
  
      uint8_t inbuf[INBUF_SIZE + FF_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE];
  
      AVPacket avpkt;
  
      int i;
  
  
  
      av_init_packet(&avpkt);
  
  
  
      memset(inbuf + INBUF_SIZE, 0, FF_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE);
  
  
  
      codec = avcodec_find_decoder(AV_CODEC_ID_H264);
  
      if (!codec) {
  
          fprintf(stderr, "codec not found\n");
  
          exit(1);
  
      }
  
  
  
      c = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
  
      picture = av_frame_alloc();
  
  
  
      if((codec->capabilities)&CODEC_CAP_TRUNCATED)
  
          (c->flags) |= CODEC_FLAG_TRUNCATED;
  
  
  
      c->height = 1080;
  
      c->width = 1920;
  
  
  
      if (avcodec_open2(c, codec, NULL) < 0) {
  
          fprintf(stderr, "could not open codec\n");
  
          exit(1);
  
      }
  
  
  
      f = fopen(filename, "rb");
  
      if (!f) {
  
          fprintf(stderr, "could not open %s\n", filename);
  
          exit(1);
  
      }
  
  
  
      outf = fopen(outfilename,"w");
  
      if(!outf){
  
          fprintf(stderr, "could not open %s\n", filename);
  
          exit(1);
  
      }
  
      frame = 0;
  
      for(;;) {
  
          avpkt.size = fread(inbuf, 1, INBUF_SIZE, f);
  
          if (avpkt.size == 0)
  
              break;
  
  
  
          avpkt.data = inbuf;
  
          while (avpkt.size > 0) {
  
  
  
              len = avcodec_decode_video2(c, picture, &got_picture, &avpkt);
  
  
  
              if (len < 0) {
  
                  fprintf(stderr, "Error while decoding frame %d\n", frame);
  
                  exit(1);
  
              }
  
              if (got_picture) {
  
                  printf("saving frame %3d\n", frame);
  
                  fflush(stdout);
  
                  for(i=0; iheight; i++)
  
                      fwrite(picture->data[0] + i * picture->linesize[0], 1, c->width, outf  );
  
                  for(i=0; iheight/2; i++)
  
                      fwrite(picture->data[1] + i * picture->linesize[1], 1, c->width/2, outf );
  
                  for(i=0; iheight/2; i++)
  
                      fwrite(picture->data[2] + i * picture->linesize[2], 1, c->width/2, outf );
  
                  frame++;
  
              }
  
              avpkt.size -= len;
  
              avpkt.data += len;
  
          }
  
      }
  
  
  
      avpkt.data = NULL;
  
      avpkt.size = 0;
  
      len = avcodec_decode_video2(c,picture, &got_picture, &avpkt);
  
      if(got_picture) {
  
          printf("saving last frame %d\n",frame);
  
          fflush(stdout);
  
          for(i=0; iheight; i++)
  
              fwrite(picture->data[0] + i * picture->linesize[0], 1, c->width, outf );
  
          for(i=0; iheight/2; i++)
  
              fwrite(picture->data[1] + i * picture->linesize[1], 1, c->width/2, outf );
  
          for(i=0; iheight/2; i++)
  
              fwrite(picture->data[2] + i * picture->linesize[2], 1, c->width/2, outf );
  
          frame++;
  
      }
  
  
  
      fclose(f);
  
      fclose(outf);
  
  
  
      avcodec_close(c);
  
      av_free(c);
  
      av_frame_free(&picture);
  
      printf("\n");
  
  }
  
  
  
  int main(int argc, char **argv){
  
      avcodec_register_all();
  
      video_decode("test", "trailer.264");
  
  
  
      return 0;
  
  }

  I also tried different videos in different formats (of course i changed the codec in the code in this case) like MPEG1, H263, H265, but none of those was working properly either.
  I hope someone can help me with this and tell me what I’m doing wrong here. Thanks

• avdevice/caca : Make deinit function out of write_trailer

  9 octobre 2021, par Andreas Rheinhardt

  avdevice/caca : Make deinit function out of write_trailer
  Fixes memleaks in case the trailer is never written.
  Reviewed-by : Paul B Mahol <onemda@gmail.com>
  
  Signed-off-by : Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@outlook.com>
  

  • [DH] libavdevice/caca.c

• audio do not stop recording after pause ffmpeg c++

  15 septembre 2021, par C1ngh10

  I am developing an application that record the screen and the audio from microphone. I implemented the pause function stopping video and audio thread on a condition variable, resuming them with a notify on the same condition variable. This is done in captureAudio(), in the main while. In this way works on macOS and linux, where I use avfoudation and alsa respectively, but on windows, with dshow, keep recording audio during the pause, when the thread is waiting on the condition variable. Does anybody know how can I fix this behaviour ?

  


  #include "ScreenRecorder.h"

using namespace std;

ScreenRecorder::ScreenRecorder() : pauseCapture(false), stopCapture(false), started(false), activeMenu(true) {
    avcodec_register_all();
    avdevice_register_all();

    width = 1920;
    height = 1200;
}

ScreenRecorder::~ScreenRecorder() {

    if (started) {
        value = av_write_trailer(outAVFormatContext);
        if (value < 0) {
            cerr << "Error in writing av trailer" << endl;
            exit(-1);
        }

        avformat_close_input(&inAudioFormatContext);
        if(inAudioFormatContext == nullptr){
            cout << "inAudioFormatContext close successfully" << endl;
        }
        else{
            cerr << "Error: unable to close the inAudioFormatContext" << endl;
            exit(-1);
            //throw "Error: unable to close the file";
        }
        avformat_free_context(inAudioFormatContext);
        if(inAudioFormatContext == nullptr){
            cout << "AudioFormat freed successfully" << endl;
        }
        else{
            cerr << "Error: unable to free AudioFormatContext" << endl;
            exit(-1);
        }
        
        avformat_close_input(&pAVFormatContext);
        if (pAVFormatContext == nullptr) {
            cout << "File close successfully" << endl;
        }
        else {
            cerr << "Error: unable to close the file" << endl;
            exit(-1);
            //throw "Error: unable to close the file";
        }

        avformat_free_context(pAVFormatContext);
        if (pAVFormatContext == nullptr) {
            cout << "VideoFormat freed successfully" << endl;
        }
        else {
            cerr << "Error: unable to free VideoFormatContext" << endl;
            exit(-1);
        }
    }
}

/*==================================== VIDEO ==============================*/

int ScreenRecorder::openVideoDevice() throw() {
    value = 0;
    options = nullptr;
    pAVFormatContext = nullptr;

    pAVFormatContext = avformat_alloc_context();

    string dimension = to_string(width) + "x" + to_string(height);
    av_dict_set(&options, "video_size", dimension.c_str(), 0);   //option to set the dimension of the screen section to record

#ifdef _WIN32
    pAVInputFormat = av_find_input_format("gdigrab");
    if (avformat_open_input(&pAVFormatContext, "desktop", pAVInputFormat, &options) != 0) {
        cerr << "Couldn't open input stream" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

#elif defined linux
   
    int offset_x = 0, offset_y = 0;
    string url = ":0.0+" + to_string(offset_x) + "," + to_string(offset_y);  //custom string to set the start point of the screen section
    pAVInputFormat = av_find_input_format("x11grab");
    value = avformat_open_input(&pAVFormatContext, url.c_str(), pAVInputFormat, &options);

    if (value != 0) {
        cerr << "Error in opening input device (video)" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }
#else

    value = av_dict_set(&options, "pixel_format", "0rgb", 0);
    if (value < 0) {
        cerr << "Error in setting pixel format" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

    value = av_dict_set(&options, "video_device_index", "1", 0);

    if (value < 0) {
        cerr << "Error in setting video device index" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

    pAVInputFormat = av_find_input_format("avfoundation");

    if (avformat_open_input(&pAVFormatContext, "Capture screen 0:none", pAVInputFormat, &options) != 0) {  //TODO trovare un modo per selezionare sempre lo schermo (forse "Capture screen 0")
        cerr << "Error in opening input device" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }



#endif
    //set frame per second

    value = av_dict_set(&options, "framerate", "30", 0);
    if (value < 0) {
        cerr << "Error in setting dictionary value (setting framerate)" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

    value = av_dict_set(&options, "preset", "medium", 0);
    if (value < 0) {
        cerr << "Error in setting dictionary value (setting preset value)" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }
    /*
    value = av_dict_set(&options, "vsync", "1", 0);
    if(value < 0){
        cerr << "Error in setting dictionary value (setting vsync value)" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }
    */

    value = av_dict_set(&options, "probesize", "60M", 0);
    if (value < 0) {
        cerr << "Error in setting probesize value" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

    //get video stream infos from context
    value = avformat_find_stream_info(pAVFormatContext, nullptr);
    if (value < 0) {
        cerr << "Error in retrieving the stream info" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

    VideoStreamIndx = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < pAVFormatContext->nb_streams; i++) {
        if (pAVFormatContext->streams[i]->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
            VideoStreamIndx = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (VideoStreamIndx == -1) {
        cerr << "Error: unable to find video stream index" << endl;
        exit(-2);
    }

    pAVCodecContext = pAVFormatContext->streams[VideoStreamIndx]->codec;
    pAVCodec = avcodec_find_decoder(pAVCodecContext->codec_id/*params->codec_id*/);
    if (pAVCodec == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error: unable to find decoder video" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

    cout << "Insert height and width [h w]: ";   //custom screen dimension to record
    cin >> h >> w;*/


    return 0;
}

/*==========================================  AUDIO  ============================*/

int ScreenRecorder::openAudioDevice() {
    audioOptions = nullptr;
    inAudioFormatContext = nullptr;

    inAudioFormatContext = avformat_alloc_context();
    value = av_dict_set(&audioOptions, "sample_rate", "44100", 0);
    if (value < 0) {
        cerr << "Error: cannot set audio sample rate" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }
    value = av_dict_set(&audioOptions, "async", "1", 0);
    if (value < 0) {
        cerr << "Error: cannot set audio sample rate" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

#if defined linux
    audioInputFormat = av_find_input_format("alsa");
    value = avformat_open_input(&inAudioFormatContext, "hw:0", audioInputFormat, &audioOptions);
    if (value != 0) {
        cerr << "Error in opening input device (audio)" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }
#endif

#if defined _WIN32
    audioInputFormat = av_find_input_format("dshow");
    value = avformat_open_input(&inAudioFormatContext, "audio=Microfono (Realtek(R) Audio)", audioInputFormat, &audioOptions);
    if (value != 0) {
        cerr << "Error in opening input device (audio)" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }
#endif

    value = avformat_find_stream_info(inAudioFormatContext, nullptr);
    if (value != 0) {
        cerr << "Error: cannot find the audio stream information" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

    audioStreamIndx = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < inAudioFormatContext->nb_streams; i++) {
        if (inAudioFormatContext->streams[i]->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
            audioStreamIndx = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (audioStreamIndx == -1) {
        cerr << "Error: unable to find audio stream index" << endl;
        exit(-2);
    }
}

int ScreenRecorder::initOutputFile() {
    value = 0;

    outAVFormatContext = nullptr;
    outputAVFormat = av_guess_format(nullptr, "output.mp4", nullptr);
    if (outputAVFormat == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error in guessing the video format, try with correct format" << endl;
        exit(-5);
    }
    avformat_alloc_output_context2(&outAVFormatContext, outputAVFormat, outputAVFormat->name, "..\\media\\output.mp4");
    if (outAVFormatContext == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error in allocating outAVFormatContext" << endl;
        exit(-4);
    }

    /*===========================================================================*/
    this->generateVideoStream();
    this->generateAudioStream();

    //create an empty video file
    if (!(outAVFormatContext->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) {
        if (avio_open2(&outAVFormatContext->pb, "..\\media\\output.mp4", AVIO_FLAG_WRITE, nullptr, nullptr) < 0) {
            cerr << "Error in creating the video file" << endl;
            exit(-10);
        }
    }

    if (outAVFormatContext->nb_streams == 0) {
        cerr << "Output file does not contain any stream" << endl;
        exit(-11);
    }
    value = avformat_write_header(outAVFormatContext, &options);
    if (value < 0) {
        cerr << "Error in writing the header context" << endl;
        exit(-12);
    }
    return 0;
}

/*===================================  VIDEO  ==================================*/

void ScreenRecorder::generateVideoStream() {
    //Generate video stream
    videoSt = avformat_new_stream(outAVFormatContext, nullptr);
    if (videoSt == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error in creating AVFormatStream" << endl;
        exit(-6);
    }

    outVideoCodec = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4);  //AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4
    if (outVideoCodec == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error in finding the AVCodec, try again with the correct codec" << endl;
        exit(-8);
    }
avcodec_alloc_context3(outAVCodec)
    outVideoCodecContext = avcodec_alloc_context3(outVideoCodec);
    if (outVideoCodecContext == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error in allocating the codec context" << endl;
        exit(-7);
    }

    //set properties of the video file (stream)
    outVideoCodecContext = videoSt->codec;
    outVideoCodecContext->codec_id = AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4;
    outVideoCodecContext->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
    outVideoCodecContext->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
    outVideoCodecContext->bit_rate = 10000000;
    outVideoCodecContext->width = width;
    outVideoCodecContext->height = height;
    outVideoCodecContext->gop_size = 10;
    outVideoCodecContext->global_quality = 500;
    outVideoCodecContext->max_b_frames = 2;
    outVideoCodecContext->time_base.num = 1;
    outVideoCodecContext->time_base.den = 30;
    outVideoCodecContext->bit_rate_tolerance = 400000;

    if (outVideoCodecContext->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264) {
        av_opt_set(outVideoCodecContext->priv_data, "preset", "slow", 0);
    }

    if (outAVFormatContext->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER) {
        outVideoCodecContext->flags |= AV_CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
    }

    value = avcodec_open2(outVideoCodecContext, outVideoCodec, nullptr);
    if (value < 0) {
        cerr << "Error in opening the AVCodec" << endl;
        exit(-9);
    }

    outVideoStreamIndex = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < outAVFormatContext->nb_streams; i++) {
        if (outAVFormatContext->streams[i]->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_UNKNOWN) {
            outVideoStreamIndex = i;
        }
    }
    if (outVideoStreamIndex < 0) {
        cerr << "Error: cannot find a free stream index for video output" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }
    avcodec_parameters_from_context(outAVFormatContext->streams[outVideoStreamIndex]->codecpar, outVideoCodecContext);
}

/*===============================  AUDIO  ==================================*/

void ScreenRecorder::generateAudioStream() {
    AVCodecParameters* params = inAudioFormatContext->streams[audioStreamIndx]->codecpar;
    inAudioCodec = avcodec_find_decoder(params->codec_id);
    if (inAudioCodec == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error: cannot find the audio decoder" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

    inAudioCodecContext = avcodec_alloc_context3(inAudioCodec);
    if (avcodec_parameters_to_context(inAudioCodecContext, params) < 0) {
        cout << "Cannot create codec context for audio input" << endl;
    }

    value = avcodec_open2(inAudioCodecContext, inAudioCodec, nullptr);
    if (value < 0) {
        cerr << "Error: cannot open the input audio codec" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

    //Generate audio stream
    outAudioCodecContext = nullptr;
    outAudioCodec = nullptr;
    int i;

    AVStream* audio_st = avformat_new_stream(outAVFormatContext, nullptr);
    if (audio_st == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error: cannot create audio stream" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    outAudioCodec = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_AAC);
    if (outAudioCodec == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error: cannot find requested encoder" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    outAudioCodecContext = avcodec_alloc_context3(outAudioCodec);
    if (outAudioCodecContext == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error: cannot create related VideoCodecContext" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    if ((outAudioCodec)->supported_samplerates) {
        outAudioCodecContext->sample_rate = (outAudioCodec)->supported_samplerates[0];
        for (i = 0; (outAudioCodec)->supported_samplerates[i]; i++) {
            if ((outAudioCodec)->supported_samplerates[i] == inAudioCodecContext->sample_rate)
                outAudioCodecContext->sample_rate = inAudioCodecContext->sample_rate;
        }
    }
    outAudioCodecContext->codec_id = AV_CODEC_ID_AAC;
    outAudioCodecContext->sample_fmt = (outAudioCodec)->sample_fmts ? (outAudioCodec)->sample_fmts[0] : AV_SAMPLE_FMT_FLTP;
    outAudioCodecContext->channels = inAudioCodecContext->channels;
    outAudioCodecContext->channel_layout = av_get_default_channel_layout(outAudioCodecContext->channels);
    outAudioCodecContext->bit_rate = 96000;
    outAudioCodecContext->time_base = { 1, inAudioCodecContext->sample_rate };

    outAudioCodecContext->strict_std_compliance = FF_COMPLIANCE_EXPERIMENTAL;

    if ((outAVFormatContext)->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER) {
        outAudioCodecContext->flags |= AV_CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
    }

    if (avcodec_open2(outAudioCodecContext, outAudioCodec, nullptr) < 0) {
        cerr << "error in opening the avcodec" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    //find a free stream index
    outAudioStreamIndex = -1;
    for (i = 0; i < outAVFormatContext->nb_streams; i++) {
        if (outAVFormatContext->streams[i]->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_UNKNOWN) {
            outAudioStreamIndex = i;
        }
    }
    if (outAudioStreamIndex < 0) {
        cerr << "Error: cannot find a free stream for audio on the output" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    avcodec_parameters_from_context(outAVFormatContext->streams[outAudioStreamIndex]->codecpar, outAudioCodecContext);
}

int ScreenRecorder::init_fifo()
{
    /* Create the FIFO buffer based on the specified output sample format. */
    if (!(fifo = av_audio_fifo_alloc(outAudioCodecContext->sample_fmt,
        outAudioCodecContext->channels, 1))) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate FIFO\n");
        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
    }
    return 0;
}

int ScreenRecorder::add_samples_to_fifo(uint8_t** converted_input_samples, const int frame_size) {
    int error;
    /* Make the FIFO as large as it needs to be to hold both,
     * the old and the new samples. */
    if ((error = av_audio_fifo_realloc(fifo, av_audio_fifo_size(fifo) + frame_size)) < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not reallocate FIFO\n");
        return error;
    }
    /* Store the new samples in the FIFO buffer. */
    if (av_audio_fifo_write(fifo, (void**)converted_input_samples, frame_size) < frame_size) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not write data to FIFO\n");
        return AVERROR_EXIT;
    }
    return 0;
}

int ScreenRecorder::initConvertedSamples(uint8_t*** converted_input_samples,
    AVCodecContext* output_codec_context,
    int frame_size) {
    int error;
    /* Allocate as many pointers as there are audio channels.
     * Each pointer will later point to the audio samples of the corresponding
     * channels (although it may be NULL for interleaved formats).
     */
    if (!(*converted_input_samples = (uint8_t**)calloc(output_codec_context->channels,
        sizeof(**converted_input_samples)))) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate converted input sample pointers\n");
        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
    }
    /* Allocate memory for the samples of all channels in one consecutive
     * block for convenience. */
    if (av_samples_alloc(*converted_input_samples, nullptr,
        output_codec_context->channels,
        frame_size,
        output_codec_context->sample_fmt, 0) < 0) {

        exit(1);
    }
    return 0;
}

static int64_t pts = 0;
void ScreenRecorder::captureAudio() {
    int ret;
    AVPacket* inPacket, * outPacket;
    AVFrame* rawFrame, * scaledFrame;
    uint8_t** resampledData;

    init_fifo();

    //allocate space for a packet
    inPacket = (AVPacket*)av_malloc(sizeof(AVPacket));
    if (!inPacket) {
        cerr << "Cannot allocate an AVPacket for encoded video" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    av_init_packet(inPacket);

    //allocate space for a packet
    rawFrame = av_frame_alloc();
    if (!rawFrame) {
        cerr << "Cannot allocate an AVPacket for encoded video" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    scaledFrame = av_frame_alloc();
    if (!scaledFrame) {
        cerr << "Cannot allocate an AVPacket for encoded video" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    outPacket = (AVPacket*)av_malloc(sizeof(AVPacket));
    if (!outPacket) {
        cerr << "Cannot allocate an AVPacket for encoded video" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }

    //init the resampler
    SwrContext* resampleContext = nullptr;
    resampleContext = swr_alloc_set_opts(resampleContext,
        av_get_default_channel_layout(outAudioCodecContext->channels),
        outAudioCodecContext->sample_fmt,
        outAudioCodecContext->sample_rate,
        av_get_default_channel_layout(inAudioCodecContext->channels),
        inAudioCodecContext->sample_fmt,
        inAudioCodecContext->sample_rate,
        0,
        nullptr);
    if (!resampleContext) {
        cerr << "Cannot allocate the resample context" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    if ((swr_init(resampleContext)) < 0) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Could not open resample context\n");
        swr_free(&resampleContext);
        exit(1);
    }

    while (true) {
        if (pauseCapture) {
            cout << "Pause audio" << endl;
        }
        cv.wait(ul, [this]() { return !pauseCapture; });

        if (stopCapture) {
            break;
        }

        ul.unlock();

        if (av_read_frame(inAudioFormatContext, inPacket) >= 0 && inPacket->stream_index == audioStreamIndx) {
            //decode audio routing
            av_packet_rescale_ts(outPacket, inAudioFormatContext->streams[audioStreamIndx]->time_base, inAudioCodecContext->time_base);
            if ((ret = avcodec_send_packet(inAudioCodecContext, inPacket)) < 0) {
                cout << "Cannot decode current audio packet " << ret << endl;
                continue;
            }
            
            while (ret >= 0) {
                ret = avcodec_receive_frame(inAudioCodecContext, rawFrame);
                if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF)
                    break;
                else if (ret < 0) {
                    cerr << "Error during decoding" << endl;
                    exit(1);
                }
                if (outAVFormatContext->streams[outAudioStreamIndex]->start_time <= 0) {
                    outAVFormatContext->streams[outAudioStreamIndex]->start_time = rawFrame->pts;
                }
                initConvertedSamples(&resampledData, outAudioCodecContext, rawFrame->nb_samples);

                swr_convert(resampleContext,
                    resampledData, rawFrame->nb_samples,
                    (const uint8_t**)rawFrame->extended_data, rawFrame->nb_samp

                add_samples_to_fifo(resampledData, rawFrame->nb_samples);

                //raw frame ready
                av_init_packet(outPacket);
                outPacket->data = nullptr;
                outPacket->size = 0;

                const int frame_size = FFMAX(av_audio_fifo_size(fifo), outAudioCodecContext->frame_size);

                scaledFrame = av_frame_alloc();
                if (!scaledFrame) {
                    cerr << "Cannot allocate an AVPacket for encoded video" << endl;
                    exit(1);
                }

                scaledFrame->nb_samples = outAudioCodecContext->frame_size;
                scaledFrame->channel_layout = outAudioCodecContext->channel_layout;
                scaledFrame->format = outAudioCodecContext->sample_fmt;
                scaledFrame->sample_rate = outAudioCodecContext->sample_rate;
                av_frame_get_buffer(scaledFrame, 0);

                while (av_audio_fifo_size(fifo) >= outAudioCodecContext->frame_size) {

                    ret = av_audio_fifo_read(fifo, (void**)(scaledFrame->data), outAudioCodecContext->frame_size);
                    scaledFrame->pts = pts;
                    pts += scaledFrame->nb_samples;
                    if (avcodec_send_frame(outAudioCodecContext, scaledFrame) < 0) {
                        cout << "Cannot encode current audio packet " << endl;
                        exit(1);
                    }
                    while (ret >= 0) {
                        ret = avcodec_receive_packet(outAudioCodecContext, outPacket);
                        if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF)
                            break;
                        else if (ret < 0) {
                            cerr << "Error during encoding" << endl;
                            exit(1);
                        }
                        av_packet_rescale_ts(outPacket, outAudioCodecContext->time_base, outAVFormatContext->streams[outAudioStreamIndex]->time_base);

                        outPacket->stream_index = outAudioStreamIndex;

                        write_lock.lock();
                        
                        if (av_write_frame(outAVFormatContext, outPacket) != 0)
                        {
                            cerr << "Error in writing audio frame" << endl;
                        }
                        write_lock.unlock();
                        av_packet_unref(outPacket);
                    }
                    ret = 0;
                }
                av_frame_free(&scaledFrame);
                av_packet_unref(outPacket);
            }
        }
    }
}

int ScreenRecorder::captureVideoFrames() {
    int64_t pts = 0;
    int flag;
    int frameFinished = 0;
    bool endPause = false;
    int numPause = 0;

    ofstream outFile{ "..\\media\\log.txt", ios::out };

    int frameIndex = 0;
    value = 0;

    pAVPacket = (AVPacket*)av_malloc(sizeof(AVPacket));
    if (pAVPacket == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error in allocating AVPacket" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

    pAVFrame = av_frame_alloc();
    if (pAVFrame == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error: unable to alloc the AVFrame resources" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

    outFrame = av_frame_alloc();
    if (outFrame == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error: unable to alloc the AVFrame resources for out frame" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

    int videoOutBuffSize;
    int nBytes = av_image_get_buffer_size(outVideoCodecContext->pix_fmt, outVideoCodecContext->width, outVideoCodecContext->height, 32);
    uint8_t* videoOutBuff = (uint8_t*)av_malloc(nBytes);

    if (videoOutBuff == nullptr) {
        cerr << "Error: unable to allocate memory" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }

    value = av_image_fill_arrays(outFrame->data, outFrame->linesize, videoOutBuff, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, outVideoCodecContext->width, outVideoCodecContext->height, 1);
    if (value < 0) {
        cerr << "Error in filling image array" << endl;
    }

    SwsContext* swsCtx_;
    if (avcodec_open2(pAVCodecContext, pAVCodec, nullptr) < 0) {
        cerr << "Could not open codec" << endl;
        exit(-1);
    }
    swsCtx_ = sws_getContext(pAVCodecContext->width, pAVCodecContext->height, pAVCodecContext->pix_fmt, outVideoCodecContext->width, outVideoCodecContext->height, outVideoCodecContext->pix_fmt, SWS_BICUBIC,
        nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);

    AVPacket outPacket;
    int gotPicture;

    time_t startTime;
    time(&startTime);

    while (true) {

        if (pauseCapture) {
            cout << "Pause" << endl;
            outFile << "///////////////////   Pause  ///////////////////" << endl;
            cout << "outVideoCodecContext->time_base: " << outVideoCodecContext->time_base.num << ", " << outVideoCodecContext->time_base.den << endl;
        }
        cv.wait(ul, [this]() { return !pauseCapture; });   //pause capture (not busy waiting)
        if (endPause) {
            endPause = false;
        }

        if (stopCapture)  //check if the capture has to stop
            break;
        ul.unlock();

        if (av_read_frame(pAVFormatContext, pAVPacket) >= 0 && pAVPacket->stream_index == VideoStreamIndx) {
            av_packet_rescale_ts(pAVPacket, pAVFormatContext->streams[VideoStreamIndx]->time_base, pAVCodecContext->time_base);
            value = avcodec_decode_video2(pAVCodecContext, pAVFrame, &frameFinished, pAVPacket);
            if (value < 0) {
                cout << "Unable to decode video" << endl;
            }

            if (frameFinished) { //frame successfully decoded
                //sws_scale(swsCtx_, pAVFrame->data, pAVFrame->linesize, 0, pAVCodecContext->height, outFrame->data, outFrame->linesize);
                av_init_packet(&outPacket);
                outPacket.data = nullptr;
                outPacket.size = 0;

                if (outAVFormatContext->streams[outVideoStreamIndex]->start_time <= 0) {
                    outAVFormatContext->streams[outVideoStreamIndex]->start_time = pAVFrame->pts;
                }

                //disable warning on the console
                outFrame->width = outVideoCodecContext->width;
                outFrame->height = outVideoCodecContext->height;
                outFrame->format = outVideoCodecContext->pix_fmt;

                sws_scale(swsCtx_, pAVFrame->data, pAVFrame->linesize, 0, pAVCodecContext->height, outFrame->data, outFrame->linesize);

                avcodec_encode_video2(outVideoCodecContext, &outPacket, outFrame, &gotPicture);

                if (gotPicture) {
                    if (outPacket.pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                        outPacket.pts = av_rescale_q(outPacket.pts, videoSt->codec->time_base, videoSt->time_base);
                    }
                    if (outPacket.dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                        outPacket.dts = av_rescale_q(outPacket.dts, videoSt->codec->time_base, videoSt->time_base);
                    }

                    //cout << "Write frame " << j++ << " (size = " << outPacket.size / 1000 << ")" << endl;
                    //cout << "(size = " << outPacket.size << ")" << endl;

                    //av_packet_rescale_ts(&outPacket, outVideoCodecContext->time_base, outAVFormatContext->streams[outVideoStreamIndex]->time_base);
                    //outPacket.stream_index = outVideoStreamIndex;

                    outFile << "outPacket->duration: " << outPacket.duration << ", " << "pAVPacket->duration: " << pAVPacket->duration << endl;
                    outFile << "outPacket->pts: " << outPacket.pts << ", " << "pAVPacket->pts: " << pAVPacket->pts << endl;
                    outFile << "outPacket.dts: " << outPacket.dts << ", " << "pAVPacket->dts: " << pAVPacket->dts << endl;

                    time_t timer;
                    double seconds;

                    mu.lock();
                    if (!activeMenu) {
                        time(&timer);
                        seconds = difftime(timer, startTime);
                        int h = (int)(seconds / 3600);
                        int m = (int)(seconds / 60) % 60;
                        int s = (int)(seconds) % 60;

                        std::cout << std::flush << "\r" << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << h << ':'
                            << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << m << ':'
                            << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0') << s << std::flush;
                    }
                    mu.unlock();

                    write_lock.lock();
                    if (av_write_frame(outAVFormatContext, &outPacket) != 0) {
                        cerr << "Error in writing video frame" << endl;
                    }
                    write_lock.unlock();
                    av_packet_unref(&outPacket);
                }

                av_packet_unref(&outPacket);
                av_free_packet(pAVPacket);  //avoid memory saturation
            }
        }
    }

    outFile.close();

    av_free(videoOutBuff);

    return 0;
}