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• How to HLS-live-stream incoming batches of individual frames, "appending" to a m3u8 playlist in real time, with ffmpeg ?

  20 novembre 2024, par Rob

  My overall goal :

  



  Server-side :

  



  

  • I have batches of sequential, JPEG-encoded frames (8-16) arriving from time to time, generated at roughly 2 FPS.

  


  • I would like to host an HLS live stream, where, when a new batch of frames arrives, I encode those new frames as h264 .ts segments with ffmpeg, and have the new .ts segments automatically added to an HLS stream (e.g. .m3u8 file).

  


  



  Client/browser-side :

  



  

  • When the .m3u8 is updated, I would like the video stream being watched to simply "continue", advancing from the point where new .ts segments have been added.

  


  • I do not need the user to scrub backwards in time, the client just needs to support live observation of the stream.

  


  



  



  My current approach :

  



  Server-side :

  



  To generate the "first" few segments of the stream, I'm attempting the below (just command-line for now to get ffmpeg working right, but ultimately will be automated via a Python script) :

  



  For reference, I'm using ffmpeg version 3.4.6-0ubuntu0.18.04.1.

  



  ffmpeg -y -framerate 2 -i /frames/batch1/frame_%d.jpg \
       -c:v libx264 -crf 21 -preset veryfast -g 2 \
       -f hls -hls_time 4 -hls_list_size 4 -segment_wrap 4 -segment_list_flags +live video/stream.m3u8


  



  where the /frames/batch1/ folder contains a sequence of frames (e.g. frame_01.jpg, frame_02.jpg, etc...). This already doesn't appear to work correctly, because it keeps adding #EXT-X-ENDLIST to the end of the .m3u8 file, which as I understand is not correct for a live HLS stream - here's what that generates :

  



  #EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:4
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXTINF:4.000000,
stream0.ts
#EXTINF:4.000000,
stream1.ts
#EXTINF:2.000000,
stream2.ts
#EXT-X-ENDLIST


  



  I can't figure out how to suppress #EXT-X-ENDLIST here - this is problem #1.

  



  Then, to generate subsequent segments (e.g. when new frames become available), I'm trying this :

  



  ffmpeg -y -framerate 2 -start_number 20 -i /frames/batch2/frame_%d.jpg \
       -c:v libx264 -crf 21 -preset veryfast -g 2 \
       -f hls -hls_time 4 -hls_list_size 4 -segment_wrap 4 -segment_list_flags +live video/stream.m3u8


  



  Unfortunately, this does not work the way I want it to. It simply overwrites stream.m3u8, does and does not advance #EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE, it does not index the new .ts files correctly, and it also includes the undesirable #EXT-X-ENDLIST - this is the output of that command :

  



  #EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:4
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXTINF:4.000000,
stream0.ts
#EXTINF:4.000000,
stream1.ts
#EXTINF:3.000000,
stream2.ts
#EXT-X-ENDLIST


  



  Fundamentally, I can't figure out how to "append" to an existing .m3u8 in a way that makes sense for HLS live streaming. That's essentially problem #2.

  



  For hosting the stream, I'm using a simple Flask app - which appears to be working the way I intend - here's what I'm doing for reference :

  



  @app.route('/video/')
def stream(file_name):
    video_dir = './video'
    return send_from_directory(directory=video_dir, filename=file_name)


  



  Client-side :

  



  I'm trying HLS.js in Chrome - basically boils down to this :

  



  <video></video>&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;<code class="echappe-js">&lt;script src=&quot;https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/hls.js@latest&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&#xA;&lt;script&gt;&amp;#xA;   var video = document.getElementById(&amp;#x27;video1&amp;#x27;);&amp;#xA;   if (Hls.isSupported()) {&amp;#xA;     var hls = new Hls();&amp;#xA;     hls.loadSource(&amp;#x27;/video/stream.m3u8&amp;#x27;);&amp;#xA;     hls.attachMedia(video);&amp;#xA;     hls.on(Hls.Events.MANIFEST_PARSED, function() {&amp;#xA;       video.play();&amp;#xA;     });&amp;#xA;   }&amp;#xA;   else if (video.canPlayType(&amp;#x27;application/vnd.apple.mpegurl&amp;#x27;)) {&amp;#xA;     video.src = &amp;#x27;/video/stream.m3u8&amp;#x27;;&amp;#xA;     video.addEventListener(&amp;#x27;loadedmetadata&amp;#x27;, function() {&amp;#xA;       video.play();&amp;#xA;     });&amp;#xA;   }&amp;#xA;&lt;/script&gt;   &#xA;

  



  I'd like to think that what I'm trying to do doesn't require a more complex approach than what I'm trying above, but since what I'm trying to far definitely isn't working, I'm starting to think I need to come at this from a different angle. Any ideas on what I'm missing ?

  



  Edit :

  



  I've also attempted the same (again in Chrome) with video.js, and am seeing similar behavior - in particular, when I manually update the backing stream.m3u8 (with no #EXT-X-ENDLIST tag), videojs never picks up the new changes to the live stream, and just buffers/hangs indefinitely.

  



  <video class="video-js vjs-default-skin" muted="muted" controls="controls">&#xA;    <source type="application/x-mpegURL" src="/video/stream.m3u8">&#xA;</source></video>&#xA;&#xA;...&#xA;&#xA;<code class="echappe-js">&lt;script&gt;&amp;#xA;    var player = videojs(&amp;#x27;video1&amp;#x27;);&amp;#xA;    player.play();&amp;#xA;&lt;/script&gt;&#xA;

  



  For example, if I start with this initial version of stream.m3u8 :

  



  #EXTM3U
#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:EVENT
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:8
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXTINF:4.000000,
stream0.ts
#EXTINF:4.000000,
stream1.ts
#EXTINF:2.000000,
stream2.ts


  



  and then manually update it server-side to this :

  



  #EXTM3U
#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:EVENT
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:8
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:3
#EXTINF:4.000000,
stream3.ts
#EXTINF:4.000000,
stream4.ts
#EXTINF:3.000000,
stream5.ts


  



  the video.js control just buffers indefinitely after only playing the first 3 segments (stream*.ts 0-2), which isn't what I'd expect to happen (I'd expect it to continue playing stream*.ts 3-5 once stream.m3u8 is updated and video.js makes a request for the latest version of the playlist).

  


• centos FFmpeg when I am using exec_static it shows only 1 minute live stream

  7 janvier 2020, par DAVIT TSILOSANI

  Hello I am using Centos 7 Ngnix RTMP module
  and I am using FFmpeg also

  When I am streaming using console

  Using that command

  ffmpeg -re -i http://website......./index.m3u8 -vcodec libx264
  -vprofile baseline -g 30 -acodec aac -strict -2 -f flv rtmp ://localhost/show/stream5

  Everything is fine,
  stream is broadcasting live

  but when I put it into Ngnix

  such as

  exec_static ffmpeg -re -i website......./index.m3u8 -vcodec libx264
  -vprofile baseline -g 30 -acodec aac -strict -2 -f flv rtmp ://localhost/show/stream5

  It only shows 1 minute live stream after reloading, it starts over and over and over

  Can u tell me what can I do to solve it ?

• Why my youtube video made with ffmpeg only shows 360P and 1080P on mobile devices but works fine on desktop ?

  1er janvier 2020, par CheeseWithMe

  I am trying to create a video from an image and sound file with ffmpeg.

  This is what I use :

  ffmpeg -y -loop 1 -r 6  -i current_image.png -i current_audio.wav -shortest -c:v libx264 -preset ultrafast -tune stillimage -pix_fmt yuv420p -c:a aac out.mp4

  But uploading this on youtube will display only in 360P and 1080P on mobile devices while on Desktop I have all the resolutions up to 1080P.

  It has the same effect with the command from FFmpeg wiki on enconding from youtube

  ffmpeg -loop 1 -framerate 2 -i input.png -i audio.m4a -c:v libx264 -preset medium -tune stillimage -crf 18 -c:a copy -shortest -pix_fmt yuv420p output.mkv

  I have no idea why is this happening, I could use some guidance.