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The Great Big Beautiful Tomorrow
28 octobre 2011, par
Mis à jour : Octobre 2011
Langue : English
Type : Texte
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Emballe médias : à quoi cela sert ?
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FFMPEG Output File is Empty Nothing was Encoded (for a Picture) ?
4 mars 2023, par Sarah SzaboI have a strange issue effecting one of my programs that does bulk media conversions using ffmpeg from the command line, however this effects me using it directly from the shell as well :


ffmpeg -i INPUT.mkv -ss 0:30 -y -qscale:v 2 -frames:v 1 -f image2 -huffman optimal "OUTPUT.png"
fails every run with the error message :
Output file is empty, nothing was encoded (check -ss / -t / -frames parameters if used)

This only happens with very specific videos, and seemingly no other videos. File type is usually .webm. These files have been downloaded properly (usually from yt-dlp), and I have tried re-downloading them just to verify their integrity.


One such file from a colleague was : https://www.dropbox.com/s/xkucr2z5ra1p2oh/Triggerheart%20Execlica%20OST%20%28Arrange%29%20-%20Crueltear%20Ending.mkv?dl=0


Is there a subtle issue with the command string ?


Notes :


removing
-huffman optimalhad no effect

moving
-ssto before-ihad no effect

removing
-f image2 had no effect

Full Log :


sarah@MidnightStarSign:~/Music/Playlists/Indexing/Indexing Temp$ ffmpeg -i Triggerheart\ Execlica\ OST\ \(Arrange\)\ -\ Crueltear\ Ending.mkv -ss 0:30 -y -qscale:v 2 -frames:v 1 -f image2 -huffman optimal "TEST.png"
ffmpeg version n5.1.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2022 the FFmpeg developers
 built with gcc 12.2.0 (GCC)
 configuration: --prefix=/usr --disable-debug --disable-static --disable-stripping --enable-amf --enable-avisynth --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-lto --enable-fontconfig --enable-gmp --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-ladspa --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdrm --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgsm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-libjack --enable-libmfx --enable-libmodplug --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore_amrnb --enable-libopencore_amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librav1e --enable-librsvg --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libtheora --enable-libv4l2 --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxcb --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzimg --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-opencl --enable-opengl --enable-shared --enable-version3 --enable-vulkan
 libavutil 57. 28.100 / 57. 28.100
 libavcodec 59. 37.100 / 59. 37.100
 libavformat 59. 27.100 / 59. 27.100
 libavdevice 59. 7.100 / 59. 7.100
 libavfilter 8. 44.100 / 8. 44.100
 libswscale 6. 7.100 / 6. 7.100
 libswresample 4. 7.100 / 4. 7.100
 libpostproc 56. 6.100 / 56. 6.100
[matroska,webm @ 0x55927f484740] Could not find codec parameters for stream 2 (Attachment: none): unknown codec
Consider increasing the value for the 'analyzeduration' (0) and 'probesize' (5000000) options
Input #0, matroska,webm, from 'Triggerheart Execlica OST (Arrange) - Crueltear Ending.mkv':
 Metadata:
 title : TriggerHeart Exelica PS2 & 360 Arrange ー 16 - Crueltear Ending
 PURL : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJ0bEa_8xEg
 COMMENT : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJ0bEa_8xEg
 ARTIST : VinnyVynce
 DATE : 20170905
 ENCODER : Lavf59.27.100
 Duration: 00:00:30.00, start: -0.007000, bitrate: 430 kb/s
 Stream #0:0(eng): Video: vp9 (Profile 0), yuv420p(tv, bt709), 720x720, SAR 1:1 DAR 1:1, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 1k tbn (default)
 Metadata:
 DURATION : 00:00:29.934000000
 Stream #0:1(eng): Audio: opus, 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp (default)
 Metadata:
 DURATION : 00:00:30.001000000
 Stream #0:2: Attachment: none
 Metadata:
 filename : cover.webp
 mimetype : image/webp
Codec AVOption huffman (Huffman table strategy) specified for output file #0 (TEST.png) has not been used for any stream. The most likely reason is either wrong type (e.g. a video option with no video streams) or that it is a private option of some encoder which was not actually used for any stream.
Stream mapping:
 Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (vp9 (native) -> png (native))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
Output #0, image2, to 'TEST.png':
 Metadata:
 title : TriggerHeart Exelica PS2 & 360 Arrange ー 16 - Crueltear Ending
 PURL : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJ0bEa_8xEg
 COMMENT : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJ0bEa_8xEg
 ARTIST : VinnyVynce
 DATE : 20170905
 encoder : Lavf59.27.100
 Stream #0:0(eng): Video: png, rgb24, 720x720 [SAR 1:1 DAR 1:1], q=2-31, 200 kb/s, 25 fps, 25 tbn (default)
 Metadata:
 DURATION : 00:00:29.934000000
 encoder : Lavc59.37.100 png
frame= 0 fps=0.0 q=0.0 Lsize=N/A time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed= 0x 
video:0kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: unknown
Output file is empty, nothing was encoded (check -ss / -t / -frames parameters if used)


Manjaro OS System Specs :


System:
 Kernel: 6.1.12-1-MANJARO arch: x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc v: 12.2.1
 parameters: BOOT_IMAGE=/@/boot/vmlinuz-6.1-x86_64
 root=UUID=f11386cf-342d-47ac-84e6-484b7b2f377d rw rootflags=subvol=@
 radeon.modeset=1 nvdia-drm.modeset=1 quiet
 cryptdevice=UUID=059df4b4-5be4-44d6-a23a-de81135eb5b4:luks-disk
 root=/dev/mapper/luks-disk apparmor=1 security=apparmor
 resume=/dev/mapper/luks-swap udev.log_priority=3
 Desktop: KDE Plasma v: 5.26.5 tk: Qt v: 5.15.8 wm: kwin_x11 vt: 1 dm: SDDM
 Distro: Manjaro Linux base: Arch Linux
Machine:
 Type: Desktop Mobo: ASUSTeK model: PRIME X570-PRO v: Rev X.0x
 serial: <superuser required="required"> UEFI: American Megatrends v: 4408
 date: 10/27/2022
Battery:
 Message: No system battery data found. Is one present?
Memory:
 RAM: total: 62.71 GiB used: 27.76 GiB (44.3%)
 RAM Report: permissions: Unable to run dmidecode. Root privileges required.
CPU:
 Info: model: AMD Ryzen 9 5950X bits: 64 type: MT MCP arch: Zen 3+ gen: 4
 level: v3 note: check built: 2022 process: TSMC n6 (7nm) family: 0x19 (25)
 model-id: 0x21 (33) stepping: 0 microcode: 0xA201016
 Topology: cpus: 1x cores: 16 tpc: 2 threads: 32 smt: enabled cache:
 L1: 1024 KiB desc: d-16x32 KiB; i-16x32 KiB L2: 8 MiB desc: 16x512 KiB
 L3: 64 MiB desc: 2x32 MiB
 Speed (MHz): avg: 4099 high: 4111 min/max: 2200/6358 boost: disabled
 scaling: driver: acpi-cpufreq governor: schedutil cores: 1: 4099 2: 4095
 3: 4102 4: 4100 5: 4097 6: 4100 7: 4110 8: 4111 9: 4083 10: 4099 11: 4100
 12: 4094 13: 4097 14: 4101 15: 4100 16: 4099 17: 4100 18: 4097 19: 4098
 20: 4095 21: 4100 22: 4099 23: 4099 24: 4105 25: 4098 26: 4100 27: 4100
 28: 4092 29: 4103 30: 4101 31: 4100 32: 4099 bogomips: 262520
 Flags: 3dnowprefetch abm adx aes aperfmperf apic arat avic avx avx2 bmi1
 bmi2 bpext cat_l3 cdp_l3 clflush clflushopt clwb clzero cmov cmp_legacy
 constant_tsc cpb cpuid cqm cqm_llc cqm_mbm_local cqm_mbm_total
 cqm_occup_llc cr8_legacy cx16 cx8 de decodeassists erms extapic
 extd_apicid f16c flushbyasid fma fpu fsgsbase fsrm fxsr fxsr_opt ht
 hw_pstate ibpb ibrs ibs invpcid irperf lahf_lm lbrv lm mba mca mce
 misalignsse mmx mmxext monitor movbe msr mtrr mwaitx nonstop_tsc nopl npt
 nrip_save nx ospke osvw overflow_recov pae pat pausefilter pclmulqdq
 pdpe1gb perfctr_core perfctr_llc perfctr_nb pfthreshold pge pku pni popcnt
 pse pse36 rapl rdpid rdpru rdrand rdseed rdt_a rdtscp rep_good sep sha_ni
 skinit smap smca smep ssbd sse sse2 sse4_1 sse4_2 sse4a ssse3 stibp succor
 svm svm_lock syscall tce topoext tsc tsc_scale umip v_spec_ctrl
 v_vmsave_vmload vaes vgif vmcb_clean vme vmmcall vpclmulqdq wbnoinvd wdt
 x2apic xgetbv1 xsave xsavec xsaveerptr xsaveopt xsaves
 Vulnerabilities:
 Type: itlb_multihit status: Not affected
 Type: l1tf status: Not affected
 Type: mds status: Not affected
 Type: meltdown status: Not affected
 Type: mmio_stale_data status: Not affected
 Type: retbleed status: Not affected
 Type: spec_store_bypass mitigation: Speculative Store Bypass disabled via
 prctl
 Type: spectre_v1 mitigation: usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer
 sanitization
 Type: spectre_v2 mitigation: Retpolines, IBPB: conditional, IBRS_FW,
 STIBP: always-on, RSB filling, PBRSB-eIBRS: Not affected
 Type: srbds status: Not affected
 Type: tsx_async_abort status: Not affected
Graphics:
 Device-1: NVIDIA GA104 [GeForce RTX 3070] vendor: ASUSTeK driver: nvidia
 v: 525.89.02 alternate: nouveau,nvidia_drm non-free: 525.xx+
 status: current (as of 2023-02) arch: Ampere code: GAxxx
 process: TSMC n7 (7nm) built: 2020-22 pcie: gen: 4 speed: 16 GT/s lanes: 8
 link-max: lanes: 16 bus-ID: 0b:00.0 chip-ID: 10de:2484 class-ID: 0300
 Device-2: AMD Cape Verde PRO [Radeon HD 7750/8740 / R7 250E]
 vendor: VISIONTEK driver: radeon v: kernel alternate: amdgpu arch: GCN-1
 code: Southern Islands process: TSMC 28nm built: 2011-20 pcie: gen: 3
 speed: 8 GT/s lanes: 8 link-max: lanes: 16 ports: active: DP-3,DP-4
 empty: DP-1, DP-2, DP-5, DP-6 bus-ID: 0c:00.0 chip-ID: 1002:683f
 class-ID: 0300 temp: 54.0 C
 Device-3: Microdia USB 2.0 Camera type: USB driver: snd-usb-audio,uvcvideo
 bus-ID: 9-2:3 chip-ID: 0c45:6367 class-ID: 0102 serial: <filter>
 Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 21.1.7 with: Xwayland v: 22.1.8
 compositor: kwin_x11 driver: X: loaded: modesetting,nvidia dri: radeonsi
 gpu: radeon display-ID: :0 screens: 1
 Screen-1: 0 s-res: 5760x2160 s-dpi: 80 s-size: 1829x686mm (72.01x27.01")
 s-diag: 1953mm (76.91")
 Monitor-1: DP-1 pos: 1-2 res: 1920x1080 dpi: 93
 size: 527x296mm (20.75x11.65") diag: 604mm (23.8") modes: N/A
 Monitor-2: DP-1-3 pos: 2-1 res: 1920x1080 dpi: 82
 size: 598x336mm (23.54x13.23") diag: 686mm (27.01") modes: N/A
 Monitor-3: DP-1-4 pos: 1-1 res: 1920x1080 dpi: 93
 size: 527x296mm (20.75x11.65") diag: 604mm (23.8") modes: N/A
 Monitor-4: DP-3 pos: primary,2-2 res: 1920x1080 dpi: 82
 size: 598x336mm (23.54x13.23") diag: 686mm (27.01") modes: N/A
 Monitor-5: DP-4 pos: 2-4 res: 1920x1080 dpi: 82
 size: 598x336mm (23.54x13.23") diag: 686mm (27.01") modes: N/A
 Monitor-6: HDMI-0 pos: 1-3 res: 1920x1080 dpi: 93
 size: 527x296mm (20.75x11.65") diag: 604mm (23.8") modes: N/A
 API: OpenGL v: 4.6.0 NVIDIA 525.89.02 renderer: NVIDIA GeForce RTX
 3070/PCIe/SSE2 direct-render: Yes
Audio:
 Device-1: NVIDIA GA104 High Definition Audio vendor: ASUSTeK
 driver: snd_hda_intel bus-ID: 5-1:2 v: kernel chip-ID: 30be:1019 pcie:
 class-ID: 0102 gen: 4 speed: 16 GT/s lanes: 8 link-max: lanes: 16
 bus-ID: 0b:00.1 chip-ID: 10de:228b class-ID: 0403
 Device-2: AMD Oland/Hainan/Cape Verde/Pitcairn HDMI Audio [Radeon HD 7000
 Series] vendor: VISIONTEK driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel pcie: gen: 3
 speed: 8 GT/s lanes: 8 link-max: lanes: 16 bus-ID: 0c:00.1
 chip-ID: 1002:aab0 class-ID: 0403
 Device-3: AMD Starship/Matisse HD Audio vendor: ASUSTeK
 driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel pcie: gen: 4 speed: 16 GT/s lanes: 16
 bus-ID: 0e:00.4 chip-ID: 1022:1487 class-ID: 0403
 Device-4: Schiit Audio Unison Universal Dac type: USB driver: snd-usb-audio
 Device-5: JMTek LLC. Plugable USB Audio Device type: USB
 driver: hid-generic,snd-usb-audio,usbhid bus-ID: 5-2:3 chip-ID: 0c76:120b
 class-ID: 0300 serial: <filter>
 Device-6: ASUSTek ASUS AI Noise-Cancelling Mic Adapter type: USB
 driver: hid-generic,snd-usb-audio,usbhid bus-ID: 5-4:4 chip-ID: 0b05:194e
 class-ID: 0300 serial: <filter>
 Device-7: Microdia USB 2.0 Camera type: USB driver: snd-usb-audio,uvcvideo
 bus-ID: 9-2:3 chip-ID: 0c45:6367 class-ID: 0102 serial: <filter>
 Sound API: ALSA v: k6.1.12-1-MANJARO running: yes
 Sound Interface: sndio v: N/A running: no
 Sound Server-1: PulseAudio v: 16.1 running: no
 Sound Server-2: PipeWire v: 0.3.65 running: yes
Network:
 Device-1: Intel I211 Gigabit Network vendor: ASUSTeK driver: igb v: kernel
 pcie: gen: 1 speed: 2.5 GT/s lanes: 1 port: f000 bus-ID: 07:00.0
 chip-ID: 8086:1539 class-ID: 0200
 IF: enp7s0 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full mac: <filter>
 IP v4: <filter> type: dynamic noprefixroute scope: global
 broadcast: <filter>
 IP v6: <filter> type: noprefixroute scope: link
 IF-ID-1: docker0 state: down mac: <filter>
 IP v4: <filter> scope: global broadcast: <filter>
 WAN IP: <filter>
Bluetooth:
 Device-1: Cambridge Silicon Radio Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode) type: USB
 driver: btusb v: 0.8 bus-ID: 5-5.3:7 chip-ID: 0a12:0001 class-ID: e001
 Report: rfkill ID: hci0 rfk-id: 0 state: up address: see --recommends
Logical:
 Message: No logical block device data found.
 Device-1: luks-c847cf9f-c6b5-4624-a25e-4531e318851a maj-min: 254:2
 type: LUKS dm: dm-2 size: 3.64 TiB
 Components:
 p-1: sda1 maj-min: 8:1 size: 3.64 TiB
 Device-2: luks-swap maj-min: 254:1 type: LUKS dm: dm-1 size: 12 GiB
 Components:
 p-1: nvme0n1p2 maj-min: 259:2 size: 12 GiB
 Device-3: luks-disk maj-min: 254:0 type: LUKS dm: dm-0 size: 919.01 GiB
 Components:
 p-1: nvme0n1p3 maj-min: 259:3 size: 919.01 GiB
RAID:
 Message: No RAID data found.
Drives:
 Local Storage: total: 9.1 TiB used: 2.79 TiB (30.6%)
 SMART Message: Unable to run smartctl. Root privileges required.
 ID-1: /dev/nvme0n1 maj-min: 259:0 vendor: Western Digital
 model: WDS100T3X0C-00SJG0 size: 931.51 GiB block-size: physical: 512 B
 logical: 512 B speed: 31.6 Gb/s lanes: 4 type: SSD serial: <filter>
 rev: 111110WD temp: 53.9 C scheme: GPT
 ID-2: /dev/nvme1n1 maj-min: 259:4 vendor: Western Digital
 model: WDS100T2B0C-00PXH0 size: 931.51 GiB block-size: physical: 512 B
 logical: 512 B speed: 31.6 Gb/s lanes: 4 type: SSD serial: <filter>
 rev: 211070WD temp: 46.9 C scheme: GPT
 ID-3: /dev/sda maj-min: 8:0 vendor: Western Digital
 model: WD4005FZBX-00K5WB0 size: 3.64 TiB block-size: physical: 4096 B
 logical: 512 B speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: HDD rpm: 7200 serial: <filter>
 rev: 1A01 scheme: GPT
 ID-4: /dev/sdb maj-min: 8:16 vendor: Western Digital
 model: WD4005FZBX-00K5WB0 size: 3.64 TiB block-size: physical: 4096 B
 logical: 512 B speed: 6.0 Gb/s type: HDD rpm: 7200 serial: <filter>
 rev: 1A01 scheme: GPT
 ID-5: /dev/sdc maj-min: 8:32 type: USB vendor: SanDisk
 model: Gaming Xbox 360 size: 7.48 GiB block-size: physical: 512 B
 logical: 512 B type: N/A serial: <filter> rev: 8.02 scheme: MBR
 SMART Message: Unknown USB bridge. Flash drive/Unsupported enclosure?
 Message: No optical or floppy data found.
Partition:
 ID-1: / raw-size: 919.01 GiB size: 919.01 GiB (100.00%)
 used: 611.14 GiB (66.5%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/dm-0 maj-min: 254:0
 mapped: luks-disk label: N/A uuid: N/A
 ID-2: /boot/efi raw-size: 512 MiB size: 511 MiB (99.80%)
 used: 40.2 MiB (7.9%) fs: vfat dev: /dev/nvme0n1p1 maj-min: 259:1 label: EFI
 uuid: 8922-E04D
 ID-3: /home raw-size: 919.01 GiB size: 919.01 GiB (100.00%)
 used: 611.14 GiB (66.5%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/dm-0 maj-min: 254:0
 mapped: luks-disk label: N/A uuid: N/A
 ID-4: /run/media/sarah/ConvergentRefuge raw-size: 3.64 TiB
 size: 3.64 TiB (100.00%) used: 2.19 TiB (60.1%) fs: btrfs dev: /dev/dm-2
 maj-min: 254:2 mapped: luks-c847cf9f-c6b5-4624-a25e-4531e318851a
 label: ConvergentRefuge uuid: 7d295e73-4143-4eb1-9d22-75a06b1d2984
 ID-5: /run/media/sarah/MSS_EXtended raw-size: 475.51 GiB
 size: 475.51 GiB (100.00%) used: 1.48 GiB (0.3%) fs: btrfs
 dev: /dev/nvme1n1p1 maj-min: 259:5 label: MSS EXtended
 uuid: f98b3a12-e0e4-48c7-91c2-6e3aa6dcd32c
Swap:
 Kernel: swappiness: 60 (default) cache-pressure: 100 (default)
 ID-1: swap-1 type: partition size: 12 GiB used: 6.86 GiB (57.2%)
 priority: -2 dev: /dev/dm-1 maj-min: 254:1 mapped: luks-swap label: SWAP
 uuid: c8991364-85a7-4e6c-8380-49cd5bd7a873
Unmounted:
 ID-1: /dev/nvme1n1p2 maj-min: 259:6 size: 456 GiB fs: ntfs label: N/A
 uuid: 5ECA358FCA356485
 ID-2: /dev/sdb1 maj-min: 8:17 size: 3.64 TiB fs: ntfs
 label: JerichoVariance uuid: 1AB22D5664889CBD
 ID-3: /dev/sdc1 maj-min: 8:33 size: 3.57 GiB fs: iso9660
 ID-4: /dev/sdc2 maj-min: 8:34 size: 4 MiB fs: vfat label: MISO_EFI
 uuid: 5C67-4BF8
USB:
 Hub-1: 1-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 4 rev: 2.0
 speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-2: 1-2:2 info: Hitachi ports: 4 rev: 2.1 speed: 480 Mb/s
 chip-ID: 045b:0209 class-ID: 0900
 Device-1: 1-2.4:3 info: Microsoft Xbox One Controller (Firmware 2015)
 type: <vendor specific="specific"> driver: xpad interfaces: 3 rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s
 power: 500mA chip-ID: 045e:02dd class-ID: ff00 serial: <filter>
 Hub-3: 2-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 4 rev: 3.0 speed: 5 Gb/s
 chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-4: 2-2:2 info: Hitachi ports: 4 rev: 3.0 speed: 5 Gb/s
 chip-ID: 045b:0210 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-5: 3-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 1 rev: 2.0
 speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-6: 3-1:2 info: VIA Labs Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.1 speed: 480 Mb/s
 power: 100mA chip-ID: 2109:3431 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-7: 3-1.2:3 info: VIA Labs VL813 Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.1 speed: 480 Mb/s
 chip-ID: 2109:2813 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-8: 4-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 4 rev: 3.0 speed: 5 Gb/s
 chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-9: 4-2:2 info: VIA Labs VL813 Hub ports: 4 rev: 3.0 speed: 5 Gb/s
 chip-ID: 2109:0813 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-10: 5-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 6 rev: 2.0
 speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
 Device-1: 5-1:2 info: Schiit Audio Unison Universal Dac type: Audio
 driver: snd-usb-audio interfaces: 2 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s power: 500mA
 chip-ID: 30be:1019 class-ID: 0102
 Device-2: 5-2:3 info: JMTek LLC. Plugable USB Audio Device type: Audio,HID
 driver: hid-generic,snd-usb-audio,usbhid interfaces: 4 rev: 1.1
 speed: 12 Mb/s power: 100mA chip-ID: 0c76:120b class-ID: 0300
 serial: <filter>
 Device-3: 5-4:4 info: ASUSTek ASUS AI Noise-Cancelling Mic Adapter
 type: Audio,HID driver: hid-generic,snd-usb-audio,usbhid interfaces: 4
 rev: 1.1 speed: 12 Mb/s power: 100mA chip-ID: 0b05:194e class-ID: 0300
 serial: <filter>
 Hub-11: 5-5:5 info: Genesys Logic Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s
 power: 100mA chip-ID: 05e3:0608 class-ID: 0900
 Device-1: 5-5.3:7 info: Cambridge Silicon Radio Bluetooth Dongle (HCI mode)
 type: Bluetooth driver: btusb interfaces: 2 rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s
 power: 100mA chip-ID: 0a12:0001 class-ID: e001
 Hub-12: 5-6:6 info: Genesys Logic Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s
 power: 100mA chip-ID: 05e3:0608 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-13: 6-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 4 rev: 3.1 speed: 10 Gb/s
 chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-14: 7-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 6 rev: 2.0
 speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
 Device-1: 7-2:2 info: SanDisk Cruzer Micro Flash Drive type: Mass Storage
 driver: usb-storage interfaces: 1 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s power: 200mA
 chip-ID: 0781:5151 class-ID: 0806 serial: <filter>
 Device-2: 7-4:3 info: ASUSTek AURA LED Controller type: HID
 driver: hid-generic,usbhid interfaces: 2 rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s power: 16mA
 chip-ID: 0b05:18f3 class-ID: 0300 serial: <filter>
 Hub-15: 8-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 4 rev: 3.1 speed: 10 Gb/s
 chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-16: 9-0:1 info: Hi-speed hub with single TT ports: 4 rev: 2.0
 speed: 480 Mb/s chip-ID: 1d6b:0002 class-ID: 0900
 Hub-17: 9-1:2 info: Terminus FE 2.1 7-port Hub ports: 7 rev: 2.0
 speed: 480 Mb/s power: 100mA chip-ID: 1a40:0201 class-ID: 0900
 Device-1: 9-1.1:4 info: Sunplus Innovation Gaming mouse [Philips SPK9304]
 type: Mouse driver: hid-generic,usbhid interfaces: 1 rev: 2.0 speed: 1.5 Mb/s
 power: 98mA chip-ID: 1bcf:08a0 class-ID: 0301
 Device-2: 9-1.5:6 info: Microdia Backlit Gaming Keyboard
 type: Keyboard,Mouse driver: hid-generic,usbhid interfaces: 2 rev: 2.0
 speed: 12 Mb/s power: 400mA chip-ID: 0c45:652f class-ID: 0301
 Device-3: 9-1.6:7 info: HUION H420 type: Mouse,HID driver: uclogic,usbhid
 interfaces: 3 rev: 1.1 speed: 12 Mb/s power: 100mA chip-ID: 256c:006e
 class-ID: 0300
 Hub-18: 9-1.7:8 info: Terminus Hub ports: 4 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s
 power: 100mA chip-ID: 1a40:0101 class-ID: 0900
 Device-1: 9-2:3 info: Microdia USB 2.0 Camera type: Video,Audio
 driver: snd-usb-audio,uvcvideo interfaces: 4 rev: 2.0 speed: 480 Mb/s
 power: 500mA chip-ID: 0c45:6367 class-ID: 0102 serial: <filter>
 Device-2: 9-4:11 info: VKB-Sim © Alex Oz 2021 VKBsim Gladiator EVO L
 type: HID driver: hid-generic,usbhid interfaces: 1 rev: 2.0 speed: 12 Mb/s
 power: 500mA chip-ID: 231d:0201 class-ID: 0300
 Hub-19: 10-0:1 info: Super-speed hub ports: 4 rev: 3.1 speed: 10 Gb/s
 chip-ID: 1d6b:0003 class-ID: 0900
Sensors:
 System Temperatures: cpu: 38.0 C mobo: 41.0 C
 Fan Speeds (RPM): fan-1: 702 fan-2: 747 fan-3: 938 fan-4: 889 fan-5: 3132
 fan-6: 0 fan-7: 0
 GPU: device: nvidia screen: :0.0 temp: 49 C fan: 0% device: radeon
 temp: 53.0 C
Info:
 Processes: 842 Uptime: 3h 11m wakeups: 0 Init: systemd v: 252
 default: graphical tool: systemctl Compilers: gcc: 12.2.1 alt: 10/11
 clang: 15.0.7 Packages: 2158 pm: pacman pkgs: 2110 libs: 495 tools: pamac,yay
 pm: flatpak pkgs: 31 pm: snap pkgs: 17 Shell: Bash v: 5.1.16
 running-in: yakuake inxi: 3.3.25
</filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></vendor></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></filter></superuser>

-
How do terminal pipes in Python differ from those in Rust ?
5 octobre 2022, par rust_convertTo work on learning Rust (in a Tauri project) I am converting a Python 2 program that uses ffmpeg to create a custom video format from a GUI. The video portion converts successfully, but I am unable to get the audio to work. With the debugging I have done for the past few days, it looks like I am not able to read in the audio data in Rust correctly from the terminal pipe - what is working to read in the video data is not working for the audio. I have tried reading in the audio data as a string and then converting it to bytes but then the byte array appears empty. I have been researching the 'Pipe'-ing of data from the rust documentation and python documentation and am unsure how the Rust pipe could be empty or incorrect if it's working for the video.


From this python article and this rust stack overflow exchange, it looks like the python stdout pipe is equivalent to the rust stdin pipe ?


The python code snippet for video and audio conversion :


output=open(self.outputFile, 'wb')
devnull = open(os.devnull, 'wb')

vidcommand = [ FFMPEG_BIN,
 '-i', self.inputFile,
 '-f', 'image2pipe',
 '-r', '%d' % (self.outputFrameRate),
 '-vf', scaleCommand,
 '-vcodec', 'rawvideo',
 '-pix_fmt', 'bgr565be',
 '-f', 'rawvideo', '-']
 
vidPipe = '';
if os.name=='nt' :
 startupinfo = sp.STARTUPINFO()
 startupinfo.dwFlags |= sp.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
 vidPipe=sp.Popen(vidcommand, stdin = sp.PIPE, stdout = sp.PIPE, stderr = devnull, bufsize=self.inputVidFrameBytes*10, startupinfo=startupinfo)
else:
 vidPipe=sp.Popen(vidcommand, stdin = sp.PIPE, stdout = sp.PIPE, stderr = devnull, bufsize=self.inputVidFrameBytes*10)

vidFrame = vidPipe.stdout.read(self.inputVidFrameBytes)

audioCommand = [ FFMPEG_BIN,
 '-i', self.inputFile,
 '-f', 's16le',
 '-acodec', 'pcm_s16le',
 '-ar', '%d' % (self.outputAudioSampleRate),
 '-ac', '1',
 '-']

audioPipe=''
if (self.audioEnable.get() == 1):
 if os.name=='nt' :
 startupinfo = sp.STARTUPINFO()
 startupinfo.dwFlags |= sp.STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW
 audioPipe = sp.Popen(audioCommand, stdin = sp.PIPE, stdout=sp.PIPE, stderr = devnull, bufsize=self.audioFrameBytes*10, startupinfo=startupinfo)
 else:
 audioPipe = sp.Popen(audioCommand, stdin = sp.PIPE, stdout=sp.PIPE, stderr = devnull, bufsize=self.audioFrameBytes*10)

 audioFrame = audioPipe.stdout.read(self.audioFrameBytes) 

currentFrame=0;

while len(vidFrame)==self.inputVidFrameBytes:
 currentFrame+=1
 if(currentFrame%30==0):
 self.progressBarVar.set(100.0*(currentFrame*1.0)/self.totalFrames)
 if (self.videoBitDepth.get() == 16):
 output.write(vidFrame)
 else:
 b16VidFrame=bytearray(vidFrame)
 b8VidFrame=[]
 for p in range(self.outputVidFrameBytes):
 b8VidFrame.append(((b16VidFrame[(p*2)+0]>>0)&0xE0)|((b16VidFrame[(p*2)+0]<<2)&0x1C)|((b16VidFrame[(p*2)+1]>>3)&0x03))
 output.write(bytearray(b8VidFrame))

 vidFrame = vidPipe.stdout.read(self.inputVidFrameBytes) # Read where vidframe is to match up with audio frame and output?
 if (self.audioEnable.get() == 1):


 if len(audioFrame)==self.audioFrameBytes:
 audioData=bytearray(audioFrame) 

 for j in range(int(round(self.audioFrameBytes/2))):
 sample = ((audioData[(j*2)+1]<<8) | audioData[j*2]) + 0x8000
 sample = (sample>>(16-self.outputAudioSampleBitDepth)) & (0x0000FFFF>>(16-self.outputAudioSampleBitDepth))

 audioData[j*2] = sample & 0xFF
 audioData[(j*2)+1] = sample>>8

 output.write(audioData)
 audioFrame = audioPipe.stdout.read(self.audioFrameBytes)

 else:
 emptySamples=[]
 for samples in range(int(round(self.audioFrameBytes/2))):
 emptySamples.append(0x00)
 emptySamples.append(0x00)
 output.write(bytearray(emptySamples))

self.progressBarVar.set(100.0)

vidPipe.terminate()
vidPipe.stdout.close()
vidPipe.wait()

if (self.audioEnable.get() == 1):
 audioPipe.terminate()
 audioPipe.stdout.close()
 audioPipe.wait()

output.close()


The Rust snippet that should accomplish the same goals :


let output_file = OpenOptions::new()
 .create(true)
 .truncate(true)
 .write(true)
 .open(&output_path)
 .unwrap();
let mut writer = BufWriter::with_capacity(
 options.video_frame_bytes.max(options.audio_frame_bytes),
 output_file,
);
let ffmpeg_path = sidecar_path("ffmpeg");
#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
let timer = Instant::now();

let mut video_cmd = Command::new(&ffmpeg_path);
#[rustfmt::skip]
video_cmd.args([
 "-i", options.path,
 "-f", "image2pipe",
 "-r", options.frame_rate,
 "-vf", options.scale,
 "-vcodec", "rawvideo",
 "-pix_fmt", "bgr565be",
 "-f", "rawvideo",
 "-",
])
.stdin(Stdio::null())
.stdout(Stdio::piped())
.stderr(Stdio::null());

// windows creation flag CREATE_NO_WINDOW: stops the process from creating a CMD window
// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/procthread/process-creation-flags
#[cfg(windows)]
video_cmd.creation_flags(0x08000000);

let mut video_child = video_cmd.spawn().unwrap();
let mut video_stdout = video_child.stdout.take().unwrap();
let mut video_frame = vec![0; options.video_frame_bytes];

let mut audio_cmd = Command::new(&ffmpeg_path);
#[rustfmt::skip]
audio_cmd.args([
 "-i", options.path,
 "-f", "s16le",
 "-acodec", "pcm_s16le",
 "-ar", options.sample_rate,
 "-ac", "1",
 "-",
])
.stdin(Stdio::null())
.stdout(Stdio::piped())
.stderr(Stdio::null());

#[cfg(windows)]
audio_cmd.creation_flags(0x08000000);

let mut audio_child = audio_cmd.spawn().unwrap();
let mut audio_stdout = audio_child.stdout.take().unwrap();
let mut audio_frame = vec![0; options.audio_frame_bytes];

while video_stdout.read_exact(&mut video_frame).is_ok() {
 writer.write_all(&video_frame).unwrap();

 if audio_stdout.read_to_end(&mut audio_frame).is_ok() {
 if audio_frame.len() == options.audio_frame_bytes {
 for i in 0..options.audio_frame_bytes / 2 {
 let temp_sample = ((u32::from(audio_frame[(i * 2) + 1]) << 8)
 | u32::from(audio_frame[i * 2]))
 + 0x8000;
 let sample = (temp_sample >> (16 - 10)) & (0x0000FFFF >> (16 - 10));

 audio_frame[i * 2] = (sample & 0xFF) as u8;
 audio_frame[(i * 2) + 1] = (sample >> 8) as u8;
 }
 } else {
 audio_frame.fill(0x00);
 }
 }
 writer.write_all(&audio_frame).unwrap();
}


video_child.wait().unwrap();
audio_child.wait().unwrap();

#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
{
 let elapsed = timer.elapsed();
 dbg!(elapsed);
}

writer.flush().unwrap();


I have looked at the hex data of the files using HxD - regardless of how I alter the Rust program, I am unable to get data different from what is previewed in the attached image - so the audio pipe is incorrectly interfaced. I included a screenshot of the hex data from the working python program that converts the video and audio correctly.


HxD Python program hex output :




HxD Rust program hex output :




-
Data Privacy in Business : A Risk Leading to Major Opportunities
9 août 2022, par Erin — PrivacyData privacy in business is a contentious issue.
Claims that “big data is the new oil of the digital economy” and strong links between “data-driven personalisation and customer experience” encourage leaders to set up massive data collection programmes.
However, many of these conversations downplay the magnitude of security, compliance and ethical risks companies face when betting too much on customer data collection.
In this post, we discuss the double-edged nature of privacy issues in business — the risk-ridden and the opportunity-driven.
3 Major Risks of Ignoring Data Privacy in Business
As the old adage goes : Just because everyone else is doing it doesn’t make it right.
Easy data accessibility and ubiquity of analytics tools make data consumer collection and processing sound like a “given”. But the decision to do so opens your business to a spectrum of risks.
1. Compliance and Legal Risks
Data collection and customer privacy are protected by a host of international laws including GDPR, CCPA, and regional regulations. Only 15% of countries (mostly developing ones) don’t have dedicated laws for protecting consumer privacy.
State of global data protection legislature via The UN Global legislature includes provisions on :
- Collectible data types
- Allowed uses of obtained data
- Consent to data collection and online tracking
- Rights to request data removal
Personally identifiable information (PII) processing is prohibited or strictly regulated in most jurisdictions. Yet businesses repeatedly circumnavigate existing rules and break them on occasion.
In Australia, for example, only 2% of brands use logos, icons or messages to transparently call out online tracking, data sharing or other specific uses of data at the sign-up stage. In Europe, around half of small businesses are still not fully GDPR-compliant — and Big Tech companies like Google, Amazon and Facebook can’t get a grip on their data collection practices even when pressed with horrendous fines.
Although the media mostly reports on compliance fines for “big names”, smaller businesses are increasingly receiving more scrutiny.
As Max Schrems, an Austrian privacy activist and founder of noyb NGO, explained in a Matomo webinar :
“In Austria, my home country, there are a lot of €5,000 fines going out there as well [to smaller businesses]. Most of the time, they are just not reported. They just happen below the surface. [GDPR fines] are already a reality.”
In April 2022, the EU Court of Justice ruled that consumer groups can autonomously sue businesses for breaches of data protection — and nonprofit organisations like noyb enable more people to do so.
Finally, new data privacy legislation is underway across the globe. In the US, Colorado, Connecticut, Virginia and Utah have data protection acts at different stages of approval. South African authorities are working on the Protection of Personal Information Act (POPI) act and Brazil is working on a local General Data Protection Law (LGPD).
Re-thinking your stance on user privacy and data protection now can significantly reduce the compliance burden in the future.
2. Security Risks
Data collection also mandates data protection for businesses. Yet, many organisations focus on the former and forget about the latter.
Lenient attitudes to consumer data protection resulted in a major spike in data breaches.
Check Point research found that cyberattacks increased 50% year-over-year, with each organisation facing 925 cyberattacks per week globally.
Many of these attacks end up being successful due to poor data security in place. As a result, billions of stolen consumer records become publicly available or get sold on dark web marketplaces.
What’s even more troublesome is that stolen consumer records are often purchased by marketing firms or companies, specialising in spam campaigns. Buyers can also use stolen emails to distribute malware, stage phishing and other social engineering attacks – and harvest even more data for sale.
One business’s negligence creates a snowball effect of negative changes down the line with customers carrying the brunt of it all.
In 2020, hackers successfully targeted a Finnish psychotherapy practice. They managed to steal hundreds of patient records — and then demanded a ransom both from the firm and its patients for not exposing information about their mental health issues. Many patients refused to pay hackers and some 300 records ended up being posted online as Associated Press reported.
Not only did the practice have to deal with the cyber-breach aftermath, but it also faced vocal regulatory and patient criticisms for failing to properly protect such sensitive information.
Security negligence can carry both direct (heavy data breach fines) and indirect losses in the form of reputational damages. An overwhelming 90% of consumers say they wouldn’t buy from a business if it doesn’t adequately protect their data. This brings us to the last point.
3. Reputational Risks
Trust is the new currency. Data negligence and consumer privacy violations are the two fastest ways to lose it.
Globally, consumers are concerned about how businesses collect, use, and protect their data.
- According to Forrester, 47% of UK adults actively limit the amount of data they share with websites and apps. 49% of Italians express willingness to ask companies to delete their personal data. 36% of Germans use privacy and security tools to minimise online tracking of their activities.
- A GDMA survey also notes that globally, 82% of consumers want more control over their personal information, shared with companies. 77% also expect brands to be transparent about how their data is collected and used.
When businesses fail to hold their end of the bargain — collect just the right amount of data and use it with integrity — consumers are fast to cut ties.
Once the information about privacy violations becomes public, companies lose :
- Brand equity
- Market share
- Competitive positioning
An AON report estimates that post-data breach companies can lose as much as 25% of their initial value. In some cases, the losses can be even higher.
In 2015, British telecom TalkTalk suffered from a major data breach. Over 150,000 customer records were stolen by hackers. To contain the issue, TalkTalk had to throw between $60-$70 million into containment efforts. Still, they lost over 100,000 customers in a matter of months and one-third of their company value, equivalent to $1.4 billion, by the end of the year.
Fresher data from Infosys gives the following maximum cost estimates of brand damage, companies could experience after a data breach (accidental or malicious).
3 Major Advantages of Privacy in Business
Despite all the industry mishaps, a reassuring 77% of CEOs now recognise that their companies must fundamentally change their approaches to customer engagement, in particular when it comes to ensuring data privacy.
Many organisations take proactive steps to cultivate a privacy-centred culture and implement transparent data collection policies.
Here’s why gaining the “privacy advantage” pays off.
1. Market Competitiveness
There’s a reason why privacy-focused companies are booming.
Consumers’ mounting concerns and frustrations over the lack of online privacy, prompt many to look for alternative privacy-centred products and services.
The following B2C and B2B products are moving from the industry margins to the mainstream :
- Private search engines (Duckduckgo)
- Password managers (1password, Dashlane)
- Online identity networks (id.me)
- Web analytics solutions (Matomo)
- And secure messaging apps (Signal) among others
Across the board, consumers express greater trust towards companies, protective of their privacy :
And as we well know : trust translates to higher engagement, loyalty, and – ultimately revenue.
By embedding privacy into the core of your product, you give users more reasons to select, stay and support your business.
2. Higher Operational Efficiency
Customer data protection isn’t just a policy – it’s a culture of collecting “just enough” data, protecting it and using it responsibly.
Sadly, that’s the area where most organisations trail behind. At present, some 90% of businesses admit to having amassed massive data silos.
Siloed data is expensive to maintain and operationalise. Moreover, when left unattended, it can evolve into a pressing compliance issue.
A recently leaked document from Facebook says the company has no idea where all of its first-party, third-party and sensitive categories data goes or how it is processed. Because of this, Facebook struggles to achieve GDPR compliance and remains under regulatory pressure.
Similarly, Google Analytics is riddled with privacy issues. Other company products were found to be collecting and operationalising consumer data without users’ knowledge or consent. Again, this creates valid grounds for regulatory investigations.
Smaller companies have a better chance of making things right at the onset.
By curbing customer data collection, you can :
- Reduce data hosting and Cloud computation costs (aka trim your Cloud bill)
- Improve data security practices (since you would have fewer assets to protect)
- Make your staff more productive by consolidating essential data and making it easy and safe to access
Privacy-mindful companies also have an easier time when it comes to compliance and can meet new data regulations faster.
3. Better Marketing Campaigns
The biggest counter-argument to reducing customer data collection is marketing.
How can we effectively sell our products if we know nothing about our customers ? – your team might be asking.
This might sound counterintuitive, but minimising data collection and usage can lead to better marketing outcomes.
Limiting the types of data that can be used encourages your people to become more creative and productive by focusing on fewer metrics that are more important.
Think of it this way : Every other business uses the same targeting parameters on Facebook or Google for running paid ad campaigns on Facebook. As a result, we see ads everywhere — and people grow unresponsive to them or choose to limit exposure by using ad blocking software, private browsers and VPNs. Your ad budgets get wasted on chasing mirage metrics instead of actual prospects.
Case in point : In 2017 Marc Pritchard of Procter & Gamble decided to first cut the company’s digital advertising budget by 6% (or $200 million). Unilever made an even bolder move and reduced its ad budget by 30% in 2018.
Guess what happened ?
P&G saw a 7.5% increase in organic sales and Unilever had a 3.8% gain as HBR reports. So how come both companies became more successful by spending less on advertising ?
They found that overexposure to online ads led to diminishing returns and annoyances among loyal customers. By minimising ad exposure and adopting alternative marketing strategies, the two companies managed to market better to new and existing customers.
The takeaway : There are more ways to engage consumers aside from pestering them with repetitive retargeting messages or creepy personalisation.
You can collect first-party data with consent to incrementally improve your product — and educate them on the benefits of your solution in transparent terms.
Final Thoughts
The definitive advantage of privacy is consumers’ trust.
You can’t buy it, you can’t fake it, you can only cultivate it by aligning your external appearances with internal practices.
Because when you fail to address privacy internally, your mishaps will quickly become apparent either as social media call-outs or worse — as a security incident, a data breach or a legal investigation.
By choosing to treat consumer data with respect, you build an extra layer of protection around your business, plus draw in some banging benefits too.
Get one step closer to becoming a privacy-centred company by choosing Matomo as your web analytics solution. We offer robust privacy controls for ensuring ethical, compliant, privacy-friendly and secure website tracking.
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