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• I tried to make an avi file from images using ffmpeg but the avi file is very small why ?

  13 mai 2013, par Yaron Cohen Minz

  I tried this :

  In C# i'm creating 100 bitmap files :

  for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
  
              {
  
  
  
                  t.Save(@"D:\ffmpegtorun\ffmpeg-20130509-git-13cb6ed-win32-static\bin\Screenshots\" + "Screenshot" + i.ToString("D6") + ".Bmp",ImageFormat.Bmp);
  
              }

  Then i'm using the ffmpeg.exe command line to create an avi file movie of all the bitmaps.

  D :\ffmpegtorun\ffmpeg-20130509-git-13cb6ed-win32-static\bin\Screenshots>ffmpeg -
  f image2 -r 5 -i Screenshot000099.bmp -c:v libx264 -r 30 out.mp4

  And before it i tried :

  D :\ffmpegtorun\ffmpeg-20130509-git-13cb6ed-win32-static\bin\Screenshots>ffmpeg -
  f image2 -r 1/5 -i Screenshot000099.bmp -c:v libx264 -r 30 out.mp4

  When i tried to use jpg files i got an error say jpeg is not supported.
  Then when the files were 1920X1080 i got an error say this resolution is not supported.

  Now i did it again and hot this :

  D:\ffmpegtorun\ffmpeg-20130509-git-13cb6ed-win32-static\bin\Screenshots>ffmpeg -
  
  f image2 -r 1/5 -i Screenshot000099.bmp -c:v libx264 -r 30 out.mp4
  
  ffmpeg version N-52941-g13cb6ed Copyright (c) 2000-2013 the FFmpeg developers
  
    built on May  9 2013 17:18:28 with gcc 4.7.3 (GCC)
  
    configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --disable-w32threads --enable-av
  
  isynth --enable-bzlib --enable-fontconfig --enable-frei0r --enable-gnutls --enab
  
  le-iconv --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libcaca --enable-libfreetyp
  
  e --enable-libgsm --enable-libilbc --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore-amrn
  
  b --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-libr
  
  tmp --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheo
  
  ra --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvo-aacenc --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-li
  
  bvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libxavs --enable-libxvid --ena
  
  ble-zlib
  
    libavutil      52. 30.100 / 52. 30.100
  
    libavcodec     55.  7.100 / 55.  7.100
  
    libavformat    55.  4.101 / 55.  4.101
  
    libavdevice    55.  0.100 / 55.  0.100
  
    libavfilter     3. 63.101 /  3. 63.101
  
    libswscale      2.  3.100 /  2.  3.100
  
    libswresample   0. 17.102 /  0. 17.102
  
    libpostproc    52.  3.100 / 52.  3.100
  
  [image2 @ 02532b00] Stream #0: not enough frames to estimate rate; consider incr
  
  easing probesize
  
  Input #0, image2, from 'Screenshot000099.bmp':
  
    Duration: 00:00:05.00, start: 0.000000, bitrate: N/A
  
      Stream #0:0: Video: bmp, bgra, 1920x1080, 0.20 tbr, 0.20 tbn, 0.20 tbc
  
  File 'out.mp4' already exists. Overwrite ? [y/N] y
  
  No pixel format specified, yuv444p for H.264 encoding chosen.
  
  Use -pix_fmt yuv420p for compatibility with outdated media players.
  
  [libx264 @ 0253e180] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2
  
  [libx264 @ 0253e180] profile High 4:4:4 Predictive, level 4.0, 4:4:4 8-bit
  
  [libx264 @ 0253e180] 264 - core 132 r2309 3b1f1f7 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Cop
  
  yleft 2003-2013 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options:  cabac=1 ref=3 de
  
  block=1:0:0 analyse=0x3:0x113 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1
  
  me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chr
  
  oma_qp_offset=4 threads=12 lookahead_threads=2 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1
  
  interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1
  
   b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scene
  
  cut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin
  
  =0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
  
  Output #0, mp4, to 'out.mp4':
  
    Metadata:
  
      encoder         : Lavf55.4.101
  
      Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) ([33][0][0][0] / 0x0021), yuv444p, 1920x1
  
  080, q=-1--1, 15360 tbn, 30 tbc
  
  Stream mapping:
  
    Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (bmp -> libx264)
  
  Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
  
  frame=    1 fps=0.0 q=29.0 Lsize=      74kB time=00:00:00.03 bitrate=18159.5kbit
  
  s/s
  
  video:73kB audio:0kB subtitle:0 global headers:0kB muxing overhead 1.014632%
  
  [libx264 @ 0253e180] frame I:1     Avg QP:29.34  size: 74174
  
  [libx264 @ 0253e180] mb I  I16..4: 77.5%  4.0% 18.6%
  
  [libx264 @ 0253e180] 8x8 transform intra:4.0%
  
  [libx264 @ 0253e180] coded y,u,v intra: 13.7% 8.5% 8.4%
  
  [libx264 @ 0253e180] i16 v,h,dc,p: 66% 34%  0%  0%
  
  [libx264 @ 0253e180] i8 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 12% 29% 55%  1%  0%  0%  0%
  
   0%  2%
  
  [libx264 @ 0253e180] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 32% 38% 14%  2%  2%  3%  3%
  
   2%  3%
  
  [libx264 @ 0253e180] kb/s:17801.76
  
  
  
  D:\ffmpegtorun\ffmpeg-20130509-git-13cb6ed-win32-static\bin\Screenshots>

  The results are a very small out.mp4 or if it was jpg and avi before files.
  For now the out.mp4 file on the hard disk is : 73.8KB

  What i want is to create in the CSHARP 100 jpg files then make one avi file of them using the ffmpeg with h264 of mpeg4 .

• Where can I find my output video file after execution of ffmpeg command

  7 août 2019, par Giri Aakula

  I run this command to capture my screen

  ffmpeg -video_size 1366x768 -framerate 60 -f gdigrab -i desktop -c:v libx264 -crf 0 -preset ultrafast output.mp4

  I didn’t find the output.mp4 file anywhere in my HDD. I checked in the bin folder of ffmpeg it is not there.
  I searched the whole PC I didn’t find it anywhere. Can anyone please help me out to find the file.
  The console output is

  C:\Users\USER>ffmpeg -video_size 1366x768 -framerate 60 -f gdigrab -i desktop -c:v libx264 -crf 0 -preset ultrafast output.mp4
  
  ffmpeg version N-94405-g43891ea8ab Copyright (c) 2000-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  
    built with gcc 9.1.1 (GCC) 20190716
  
    configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-sdl2 --enable-fontconfig --enable-gnutls --enable-iconv --enable-libass --enable-libdav1d --enable-libbluray --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libzimg --enable-lzma --enable-zlib --enable-gmp --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libmysofa --enable-libspeex --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libmfx --enable-amf --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-cuvid --enable-d3d11va --enable-nvenc --enable-nvdec --enable-dxva2 --enable-avisynth --enable-libopenmpt
  
    libavutil      56. 32.100 / 56. 32.100
  
    libavcodec     58. 55.100 / 58. 55.100
  
    libavformat    58. 30.100 / 58. 30.100
  
    libavdevice    58.  9.100 / 58.  9.100
  
    libavfilter     7. 58.100 /  7. 58.100
  
    libswscale      5.  6.100 /  5.  6.100
  
    libswresample   3.  6.100 /  3.  6.100
  
    libpostproc    55.  6.100 / 55.  6.100
  
  [gdigrab @ 0000020d04e3b280] Capturing whole desktop as 1366x768x32 at (0,0)
  
  [gdigrab @ 0000020d04e3b280] Stream #0: not enough frames to estimate rate; consider increasing probesize
  
  Input #0, gdigrab, from 'desktop':
  
    Duration: N/A, start: 1565202714.962639, bitrate: 2014274 kb/s
  
      Stream #0:0: Video: bmp, bgra, 1366x768, 2014274 kb/s, 60 fps, 1000k tbr, 1000k tbn, 1000k tbc
  
  Stream mapping:
  
    Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (bmp (native) -> h264 (libx264))
  
  Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
  
  [libx264 @ 0000020d04e3edc0] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2
  
  [libx264 @ 0000020d04e3edc0] profile High 4:4:4 Predictive, level 4.2, 4:4:4, 8-bit
  
  [libx264 @ 0000020d04e3edc0] 264 - core 157 r2970 5493be8 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2019 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=0 ref=1 deblock=0:0:0 analyse=0:0 me=dia subme=0 psy=0 mixed_ref=0 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=0 8x8dct=0 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=0 chroma_qp_offset=0 threads=6 lookahead_threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=0 weightp=0 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=0 intra_refresh=0 rc=cqp mbtree=0 qp=0
  
  Output #0, mp4, to 'output.mp4':
  
    Metadata:
  
      encoder         : Lavf58.30.100
  
      Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv444p, 1366x768, q=-1--1, 60 fps, 15360 tbn, 60 tbc
  
      Metadata:
  
        encoder         : Lavc58.55.100 libx264
  
      Side data:
  
        cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: -1
  
  More than 1000 frames duplicated   5632kB time=00:00:19.86 bitrate=2322.4kbits/s dup=981 drop=0 speed=1.01x
  
  More than 10000 frames duplicated 53504kB time=00:03:39.21 bitrate=1999.4kbits/s dup=9978 drop=0 speed=   1x
  
  frame=58906 fps= 60 q=-1.0 Lsize=  234800kB time=00:16:21.75 bitrate=1959.2kbits/s dup=45257 drop=0 speed=   1x
  
  video:234566kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.099927%
  
  [libx264 @ 0000020d04e3edc0] frame I:236   Avg QP: 0.00  size:230265
  
  [libx264 @ 0000020d04e3edc0] frame P:58670 Avg QP: 0.00  size:  3168
  
  [libx264 @ 0000020d04e3edc0] mb I  I16..4: 100.0%  0.0%  0.0%
  
  [libx264 @ 0000020d04e3edc0] mb P  I16..4: 52.9%  0.0%  0.0%  P16..4:  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%    skip:47.1%
  
  [libx264 @ 0000020d04e3edc0] coded y,u,v intra: 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% inter: 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
  
  [libx264 @ 0000020d04e3edc0] i16 v,h,dc,p: 100%  0%  0%  0%
  
  [libx264 @ 0000020d04e3edc0] kb/s:1957.25

• CRO Program : Best Practices and KPIs to Track [2024]

  8 mai 2024, par Erin

  Driving traffic to your website is only one part of the equation ; the second part is getting those visitors to convert by completing a desired action — creating an account, signing up for a newsletter or completing a purchase. 

  But if you fail to optimise your website for conversions, you’ll have a hard time guiding visitors further down the funnel and turning them into customers.

  That’s where a CRO program (or conversion rate optimisation) can help. 

  This article will cover conversion rate optimisation best practices and outline key metrics and KPIs to start tracking to see an improvement in your conversion rates.

  What is a CRO program ? 

  In the simplest terms, a CRO program — also called a CRO plan — is a digital marketing strategy. It focuses on implementing different tactics that can lead to an increase in conversion rate and maximising revenue. 

  

  One thing to remember is that the definition of “conversion” varies from business to business. The most obvious type of conversion would be a financial transaction or a completed form — but it comes down to what you consider a valuable action. 

  Many different actions can count as conversions, depending on your marketing goals. 

  Besides making a purchase, other common examples of key conversion moments include creating a new account, signing up for a free trial, booking a demo and subscribing to an email newsletter. 

  Another thing worth noting is that while the average conversion rate on e-commerce websites is 3.76%, it might fluctuate across different industries and device types. Case in point — desktop devices have higher conversion rates than mobile devices, clocking in at 4.79% and 3.32%, respectively. 

  So, in addition to defining your key conversion moments, you should also go over conversion insights relevant to your specific industry. 

  

  The importance of conversion rate optimisation 

  You’d be right to assume that the ultimate goal of a conversion rate optimisation process is to drive revenue through higher conversion rates — but don’t focus solely on the numbers. The core principle of a CRO program is improving the customer experience. Once you’ve achieved that, the increase in conversion rate will follow. 

  

  According to a recent report, global conversion rate optimisation (CRO) software sales are expected to reach $3.7 billion by 2032 — up from $1.1 billion in 2021. 

  This growth indicates the increasing interest in strategies and tools that can help optimise the conversion funnel. Businesses are looking for ways to keep potential customers engaged and improve the average conversion rate — without necessarily increasing their spending. 

  Here are a few reasons why a CRO program deserves a spot in your broader digital marketing strategies : 

  • It can lower your cost per acquisition (CPA) : A CRO program is about optimising your conversion funnel by leveraging existing assets and website traffic rather than increasing your spending — which lowers the costs of acquiring new customers and, in turn, drives ROI. 
  • It can maximise customer lifetime value (CLV) : If you can turn one-time buyers into repeat customers, you’ll be one step closer to building a loyal user base and increasing your CLV. 
  • It can lead to increased sales and boost your revenue : Higher conversion rates typically mean higher revenue ; that’s arguably the most obvious benefit of implementing a CRO program. 
  • It improves the overall user experience : The goal is to make your site more accessible, easier to navigate and more engaging. Delivering the experience people want — and expect — when navigating your website is one of the core principles of a CRO program.
  • It helps you to get to know your customers better : You can’t meet your customers’ needs without taking the time to know them, create user personas and understand their preferences, pain points and conversion barriers they may be facing. 

  Conversion optimisation gives you a competitive edge in revenue and brand reputation. 

  5 CRO best practices 

  

  Here are five conversion rate optimisation strategies and best practices that can make a real difference in the customer experience — and drive potential conversions. 

  Create a CRO roadmap in advance 

  First and foremost, you’ll need a well-defined “game plan” that aligns with and reflects your conversion goals. 

  A CRO roadmap is a detailed manual that outlines how to implement different elements of your CRO-related efforts. Marketing teams can refer to this step-by-step framework for test planning, prioritisation and resource allocation while optimising their marketing strategy. 

  While conversion rate optimisation can be a complex process — especially when you don’t know what to tackle first — we’ve found that there are three things you need to consider when setting the foundations of a successful CRO program : 

  • The “why” behind your website traffic : You’re likely using different online marketing strategies — from SEO to pay-per-click (PPC). So, it’s best to start by gathering channel-specific conversion insights through marketing attribution. Then identify which of these efforts have the biggest impact on your target audience. 
  • The so-called “conversion blockers” that tell you where and why visitors tend to leave without completing a desired action : Funnel analysis might reveal problematic pages — drop-off points where you tend to lose most of your visitors. 
  • Your “hooks” : User feedback can be of great help here ; you can learn a lot by simply asking your customers to fill out a quick online survey and tell you what motivated them to take action.

  Before working on that “game plan,” perform a pre-test analysis. 

  Matomo combines web analytics and user behaviour analytics with features like Heatmaps, Session Recordings, Form Analytics, Funnel Analytics, A/B Testing and User Flow. It can give you those initial benchmarks for measuring progress and a potential increase in conversion rate. 

  Validate your ideas with A/B and multivariate testing 

  Conversion rate optimisation is an iterative process. So, it shouldn’t come as a surprise that A/B testing variants of page layouts, CTAs, headlines, copy and other elements is a big part of it.

  Multivariate and A/B testing allows you to test a wide range of elements across your site and identify what works — and, more importantly, what doesn’t — in terms of driving conversions.

  On that note, Matomo’s A/B Testing feature can support your conversion rate optimisation process by identifying variants that perform better based on statistical significance. 

  Try Matomo for Free

  Get the web insights you need, without compromising data accuracy.

  Start for free

  No credit card required

  Get to know your website visitors 

  Driving conversions comes down to understanding potential customer’s pain points and needs — and delivering an experience that positions you as the solution and gets them to take action. 

  Here are a few things that can help you understand your website visitors better : 

  • Collecting customer feedback through surveys and using it to identify main areas for improvement 
  • Creating detailed customer personas and optimising your website design and messaging based on your target audience’s pain points, needs and wants 
  • Using heatmaps — colour-coded data visualisation tools that illustrate user interactions — and scroll maps to get a comprehensive overview of online sessions and identify the most engaging elements and those that stand out as potential conversion barriers 

  Matomo’s Heatmaps can help you identify the most-clicked elements on the page and show how far users scroll — providing powerful user insights you can use to optimise these pages.

  Try Matomo for Free

  Get the web insights you need, without compromising data accuracy.

  Start for free

  No credit card required

  Remove friction points 

  As we previously discussed, identifying friction points and barriers to conversion — issues that prevent visitors from converting — is one of the crucial aspects of developing a CRO plan. 

  Many different “conversion blockers” are worth looking into, including : 

  • Lengthy or otherwise complex checkout processes 
  • No guest checkout feature 
  • Device type, browser and OS compatibility issues 
  • Slow site speed and other technical issues
  • Lack of free shipping and limited payment methods 
  • Absence of social proof (customer reviews and testimonials) and trust badges

  Once you’ve identified what’s slowing down or completely discouraging users from reaching key conversion moments, take the time to address it. 

  Switch to text-based CTAs 

  Calls-to-action (CTAs) play a crucial role in guiding customers from interest to action. However, sometimes they fail to do their job — encouraging website visitors to proceed to the next step — effectively. 

  The most obvious reason is that your CTAs aren’t visually engaging or clear enough. In that case, you can try using action-oriented language and stronger visual elements and aligning the CTA copy with the context of the page. 

  But more often than not, the issue comes down to a phenomenon called “banner blindness” — the tendency of website visitors to ignore (either intentionally or unintentionally) elements on a page that resemble banner ads. 

  And if that’s what’s preventing visitors from converting, consider switching to text-based CTAs. 

  Conversion rate optimisation metrics and KPIs 

  At this point, you should know the outcomes you hope to achieve. Your next step should be to figure out how you’re going to measure and analyse results — and identify the changes that made the most impact on your conversion funnel. 

  After all, your CRO action plan should be based on data — assumptions and “gut feelings” will rarely lead to a notable increase in conversion rates. 

  

  That brings us to key performance indicators (KPIs) : 

  Tracking CRO metrics and website KPIs can help you understand the customer’s journey and path to purchase, identify opportunities for improving the user experience (UX) and determine how to optimise conversions.

  That said, you shouldn’t try to track every metric in the book ; think about your ultimate goal and identify the metrics and KPIs most relevant to your business. 

  We’ll assume that you’re already tracking macro- and micro-conversions. However, we’ve outlined a few additional key conversion rate optimisation metrics you should keep an eye on to make sure that your CRO program is performing as intended : 

  • Cost-per-conversion : By measuring how much you spend on each successful conversion — again, completed forms, sign-ups and sales all count as key conversion moments — you’ll be in a better position to assess the cost-effectiveness of your online marketing strategies.
  • Starter rate : This metric tells you the number of people who start filling out the form, after seeing it. This metric is particularly important for companies that rely on getting leads from forms. 
  • Average order value (AOV) : This metric is important for e-commerce sites to understand the value of their transactions. AOV calculates the average monetary value of each order.

  That’s not all ; you can also use a web analytics tool like Matomo to gain granular insights into visitors : 

  • Unique, new and returning visitors : Tracking the number of new and returning visitors your website gets within a given timeframe will help you understand your user base and determine if your content resonates with them. While you want a constant stream of new traffic, don’t overlook the importance of returning visitors ; they’re the foundation of a loyal customer base.
  • User flows : By analysing the user flows, you’ll have a visual representation of how visitors use your website, which will help you understand their journey and the specific path they take. 
  • Bounce rate : This metric tells you how many users viewed a single page on your site and ended up leaving before they took any kind of action. As such, it’s a clear indicator of how good your content, CTAs and website layout are at keeping users engaged.
  • Exit rate : Another key metric to track is the exit rate — the percentage of users who drop off at a specific page. High-exit pages usually lack important information and CTAs, cause frustration or otherwise fail to meet users’ expectations. Keep in mind that there’s a difference between bounce rate and exit rate — the latter involves users who viewed at least one other page. 

  There are many other user engagement metrics you should keep an eye on in addition to the ones mentioned above — including time on-page, actions per visit, scroll depth and traffic source. You’ll find all this information — and more — in Matomo’s Page Analytics Report. 

  Conclusion 

  Implementing a CRO program can be a time-consuming and iterative process. However, it’s vital for guiding your marketing efforts and making data-driven decisions that’ll ultimately help you drive growth and reach your business goals. 

  It’s best to start by identifying where your website visitors come from and what contributes to — or prevents them from — taking further action. But that’s easier said than done. You’ll need to leverage web analytics tools like Matomo to gather powerful user insights and monitor your website’s performance. 

  As an all-in-one, privacy-friendly web analytics solution, Matomo combines traditional web analytics and advanced behavioural analytics — delivering a consistent experience based on 100% accurate, unsampled data.

  Join the 1 million websites that have chosen Matomo as their web analytics platform. Start your 21-day free trial today — and see how Matomo can help you improve your website’s conversion rates. No credit card required.

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