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• CJEU rules US cloud servers don’t comply with GDPR and what this means for web analytics

  17 juillet 2020, par Jake Thornton
  Breaking news : On July 16, 2020, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has ruled that any cloud services hosted in the US are incapable of complying with the GDPR and EU privacy laws.

  In August 2016, the EU-US Privacy Shield framework came into effect, which “protects the fundamental rights of anyone in the EU whose personal data is transferred to the United States for commercial purposes. It allows the free transfer of data to companies that are certified in the US under the Privacy Shield.” – European Commission website

  However after today’s CJEU ruling, this Privacy Shield framework became invalidated due to significant differences between EU and US privacy laws.

  European privacy law activist Max Schrems summarises with “The Court clarified for a second time now that there is a clash between EU privacy law and US surveillance law. As the EU will not change its fundamental rights to please the NSA, the only way to overcome this clash is for the US to introduce solid privacy rights for all people – including foreigners. Surveillance reform thereby becomes crucial for the business interests of Silicon Valley.” – noyb website

  Today’s ruling also continues to spark concern into the legitimacy of US privacy laws which doesn’t fully protect people’s personal data when hosted on cloud servers based in the US.

  

  How will this affect you ?

  For any business operating a website in the EU or if you have traffic coming to your website from EU visitors, you need to know what data you’re capturing and where this data is being stored.

  Here’s what Maja Smoltczyk (Berlin’s Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of Information) says :

  Controllers who transfer personal data to the USA, especially when using cloud-based services, are now required to switch immediately to service providers based in the European Union or a country that can
  ensure an adequate level of data protection. The CJEU has made it refreshingly clear that data exports are not just financial decisions, as people’s fundamental rights must also be considered as a matter of priority. This ruling will put
  an end to the transfer of personal data to the USA for the sake of convenience or to cut costs.

  The controller is you (not Google) and by transferring data to the US you are at risk of being fined up to €20 million or 4% of your annual worldwide turnover for not being GDPR compliant. 

  It’s you who has to take action, not Google or other US companies. The court’s decision has immediate effect. While we assume there will be a grace period, companies should act now as finding and implementing alternatives solution can take a while. 

  Can no data be exported outside the EU anymore ?

  Data can still be exported outside the EU if an adequate level of data protection is guaranteed. This is the case for some trading partners of the EU such as New Zealand, Japan, Switzerland, and Canada. They have been certified by the EU as having a comparable level of privacy protection and therefore demonstrate adequacy at a country level.

  Necessary data can still flow to countries like the US too. This is for example the case when someone books a hotel in the US or when sending an email to someone in the US. Backups for disaster recovery and most other reasons don’t qualify as necessary.

  In all other cases you can still send data to countries like the US if you get explicit and informed consent from a user. Meaning the user has been informed about all possible risks of sending the data to the US and who can access the data (for example the US government).

  How this affects Google Analytics and Google Tag Manager users

  If your website is using Google Analytics, the safest bet is to deactivate it immediately. Otherwise, you must ask for consent from everyone who visits your website and inform them that the data will be processed in the United States under less strict privacy laws and all associated risks. If you don’t, you could be liable to privacy law infringements and face being fined for not complying with the GDPR. This also applies to Google Tag Manager as it transfers the IP address to the US which is considered personal data under the GDPR.

  Consent needs to be :

  • Freely given (the user must have a choice to not give consent and be able to opt out at any time) 
  • Informed (you need to disclose who is processing the data, what data is processed, where the data will be stored and how to opt out) 
  • Specific (consent is only valid for the specific informed purpose) 
  • Unambiguous (for example pre-ticked boxes or similar aren’t allowed)

  

  If users don’t give you consent, you are not allowed to track them using Google Analytics or any other US based cloud solution.

  Update August 19, 2020

  A month after this ruling, over 100 complaints have been filed against websites for continuing to send data to the US via Google Analytics or Facebook, by the European privacy campaign group noyb. It’s clear Google and Facebook fall under US surveillance laws such as FISA 702 and the court clearly ruled these companies cannot rely on SCCs to transfer data to the US. Anyone still using Google Analytics is now at risk of facing fines and compensation damages. 

  How this affects Matomo users

  Our cloud servers are based in Germany.

  Matomo On-Premise users choose the location of their data themselves. If the servers are located in the EU nothing changes. If the servers are located outside the EU and the website targets EU users and tracks personal data, then you need to assess whether you are required to ask for tracking consent.

  If the data is stored inside the EU you can use Matomo without asking for any consent and you can continue tracking users even if they reject a consent screen which greatly increases the quality of your data.

  Want to avoid informing users about transferring their data to the US and all associated risks ?

  Try Matomo now for free ! No credit card required.

  Download Matomo

• Some H264-mp4 videos can't be loaded by any non-Chromium based web browser

  3 mai 2020, par Laizrod

  I regularly use ffmpeg to encode some videos, blu-ray etc in mp4 files (encoded in H264 and AAC) in order to be played on web browsers.
Chromium based browsers such as Google Chrome or the new Microsoft Edge can play all of my files flawlessly.
But today I noticed that some video files couldn't be loaded by some web browsers. It looks like they can't be loaded by any non-Chromium based web browser. (Safari, Firefox etc..)

  



  So I decided to check out and compare the specs of files that work with any web browser, and files that doesn't work with non-Chromium based browsers.

  



  There's what I got :

  



  

  • Playable by any web browser :

  


  



  General
Complete name                            : /storage/100.mp4
Format                                   : MPEG-4
Format profile                           : Base Media / Version 2
Codec ID                                 : mp42 (isom/iso2/avc1/mp41)
File size                                : 624 MiB
Duration                                 : 23 min 54 s
Overall bit rate                         : 3 648 kb/s
Encoded date                             : UTC 2019-10-02 22:15:27
Tagged date                              : UTC 2019-10-02 22:15:27
Writing application                      : HandBrake 1.2.2 2019022300

Video
ID                                       : 1
Format                                   : AVC
Format/Info                              : Advanced Video Codec
Format profile                           : High@L4
Format settings                          : CABAC / 1 Ref Frames
Format settings, CABAC                   : Yes
Format settings, ReFrames                : 1 frame
Format settings, GOP                     : M=3, N=24
Codec ID                                 : avc1
Codec ID/Info                            : Advanced Video Coding
Duration                                 : 23 min 54 s
Bit rate                                 : 3 481 kb/s
Width                                    : 1 920 pixels
Height                                   : 1 080 pixels
Display aspect ratio                     : 16:9
Frame rate mode                          : Variable
Frame rate                               : 23.976 (24000/1001) FPS
Minimum frame rate                       : 23.974 FPS
Maximum frame rate                       : 23.981 FPS
Color space                              : YUV
Chroma subsampling                       : 4:2:0
Bit depth                                : 8 bits
Scan type                                : Progressive
Bits/(Pixel*Frame)                       : 0.070
Stream size                              : 595 MiB (95%)
Encoded date                             : UTC 2019-10-02 22:15:27
Tagged date                              : UTC 2019-10-02 22:15:27
Color range                              : Limited
Color primaries                          : BT.709
Transfer characteristics                 : BT.709
Matrix coefficients                      : BT.709
Codec configuration box                  : avcC

Audio
ID                                       : 2
Format                                   : AAC LC
Format/Info                              : Advanced Audio Codec Low Complexity
Codec ID                                 : mp4a-40-2
Duration                                 : 23 min 54 s
Bit rate mode                            : Constant
Bit rate                                 : 160 kb/s
Channel(s)                               : 2 channels
Channel layout                           : L R
Sampling rate                            : 44.1 kHz
Frame rate                               : 43.066 FPS (1024 SPF)
Compression mode                         : Lossy
Stream size                              : 27.4 MiB (4%)
Title                                    : Stereo
Language                                 : Japanese
Default                                  : Yes
Alternate group                          : 1
Encoded date                             : UTC 2019-10-02 22:15:27
Tagged date                              : UTC 2019-10-02 22:15:27


  



  

  • Unplayable by non-chromium based web browsers :

  


  



  General
Complete name                            : /storage/DL/test.mp4
Format                                   : MPEG-4
Format profile                           : Base Media
Codec ID                                 : isom (isom/iso2/avc1/mp41)
File size                                : 329 MiB
Duration                                 : 23 min 52 s
Overall bit rate                         : 1 926 kb/s
Writing application                      : Lavf58.20.100

Video
ID                                       : 1
Format                                   : AVC
Format/Info                              : Advanced Video Codec
Format profile                           : High@L4
Format settings                          : CABAC / 4 Ref Frames
Format settings, CABAC                   : Yes
Format settings, ReFrames                : 4 frames
Codec ID                                 : avc1
Codec ID/Info                            : Advanced Video Coding
Duration                                 : 23 min 52 s
Bit rate                                 : 1 792 kb/s
Width                                    : 1 920 pixels
Height                                   : 1 080 pixels
Display aspect ratio                     : 16:9
Frame rate mode                          : Constant
Frame rate                               : 23.976 (24000/1001) FPS
Color space                              : YUV
Chroma subsampling                       : 4:2:0
Bit depth                                : 8 bits
Scan type                                : Progressive
Bits/(Pixel*Frame)                       : 0.036
Stream size                              : 306 MiB (93%)
Writing library                          : x264 core 155 r2917 0a84d98
Encoding settings                        : cabac=1 / ref=1 / deblock=1:0:0 / analyse=0x3:0x113 / me=hex / subme=2 / psy=1 / psy_rd=1.00:0.00 / mixed_ref=0 / me_range=16 / chroma_me=1 / trellis=0 / 8x8dct=1 / cqm=0 / deadzone=21,11 / fast_pskip=1 / chroma_qp_offset=0 / threads=34 / lookahead_threads=8 / sliced_threads=0 / nr=0 / decimate=1 / interlaced=0 / bluray_compat=0 / constrained_intra=0 / bframes=3 / b_pyramid=2 / b_adapt=1 / b_bias=0 / direct=1 / weightb=1 / open_gop=0 / weightp=1 / keyint=250 / keyint_min=23 / scenecut=40 / intra_refresh=0 / rc_lookahead=10 / rc=crf / mbtree=1 / crf=21.0 / qcomp=0.60 / qpmin=0 / qpmax=69 / qpstep=4 / ip_ratio=1.40 / aq=1:1.00
Language                                 : Japanese
Codec configuration box                  : avcC

Audio
ID                                       : 2
Format                                   : AAC LC
Format/Info                              : Advanced Audio Codec Low Complexity
Codec ID                                 : mp4a-40-2
Duration                                 : 23 min 52 s
Bit rate mode                            : Constant
Bit rate                                 : 128 kb/s
Channel(s)                               : 2 channels
Channel layout                           : L R
Sampling rate                            : 48.0 kHz
Frame rate                               : 46.875 FPS (1024 SPF)
Compression mode                         : Lossy
Stream size                              : 21.9 MiB (7%)
Language                                 : Japanese
Default                                  : Yes
Alternate group                          : 1


  



  My knowledge is limited and I'm unable to understand why and which differences are causing my issue.
Can someone identify the problem and help me fix it with ffmpeg ?

  



  Thank you

  


• 5 perfect feature combinations to use with Heatmaps and Session Recordings

  28 janvier 2020, par Jake Thornton — Uncategorized

  Gaining valuable insights by simply creating a heatmap or setting up recordings on your most important web pages is a good start, but using the Heatmaps and Session Recordings features in combination with other Matomo features is where the real magic happens.

  If you’re serious about significantly increasing conversions on your website to impact your bottom line, you need to accurately answer these questions :

  1. Are you analysing the most important pages that influence conversions ?
  2. Are you segmenting heatmaps and recordings towards your most valuable visitors ? 
  3. Are you using these features to create better customer journeys ?
  4. Have you identified current pain points for visitors before setting up heatmaps and recordings ?
  5. Are you learning what content resonates best for your audience ?

  With Matomo Analytics, you have the ability to integrate heatmaps and session recordings with all the features of a powerful web analytics platform, which means you get the complete picture of your visitor’s experience of your website.

  Here are five features that work with Heatmaps and Session Recordings to maximise conversions :

  1. Behaviour feature with Heatmaps

  Before creating heatmaps on pages you think are most important to your website, first check out Behaviour – Pages. Here you get valuable information around unique pageviews, bounce rate, average time on page and exit rates for every page on your website.

  Use this data as your starting point for heatmaps. Here you’ll identify current pain points for your visitors before using heatmaps to analyse their interactions on these pages.

  Here’s how to use the behaviour feature to determine which pages to setup heatmaps on :

  

  • Make sure you know what pages are generating the most unique page views, it could be your blog rather than your homepage
  • Which pages have the highest bounce rates – can you make some quick changes above-the-fold and see if this makes a difference
  • When the average time on page is high, why are visitors so engaged with these pages ? What keeps them reading ? Setup a heatmap to learn more
  • Reduce exit rates by moving them along to other pages on your website
  • Determine some milestones you want to achieve e.g. use heatmaps as your visual guide to improve average time on page, bounce rates and exit rates. A milestone could be that the exit rate for your previous blog was 34%, work towards getting this down to 30%

  Learn more about the Behaviour feature

  2. Ecommerce feature and Custom Segments

  If you run an ecommerce business, you may want to learn only about visitors who are more likely to be your customers. For example, if you find 65% of product sales come from customers based in New York, but visits to your product pages are from every state in the USA, how can you learn more specifically about visitors only from New York ?

  Using Segments to target a particular audience :

  • First, make sure you have created heatmaps and recordings on the popular product pages you want to learn about your visitor’s interactions
  • Note : Make sure the segment you create generates enough pageviews to apply a heatmap for more accurate results. We recommend a minimum of 1,000 page views per sample size.
  • Then create a custom Segment – search Ecommerce and find the Product Name and select the product. Learn how to do this here.

  

  Click on ‘Add a new segment’ or on the ‘edit’ link next to an existing segment name to open the segment editor :

  

  Click on any item on the left to see the list of information you can segment by. In this case search “City”, then select “Is” and in the third column search “New York” (example in the image above) :

  

  You can also use the search box at the bottom to search through the whole list.

  • This will give you insights across the Matomo platform based only on customers who purchased this product
  • Then go to the Ecommerce feature – and find Sales. Here you will learn what your most popular locations are for your product sales.

  

  • Once you know the location you want to segment, go back and update the custom Segment you just created. Click on the edit pencil icon and update it by selecting Add AND condition, and add the sub group you would like to track on the product page. In this example, select City – New York. Click Save & Apply.

  Now you should have successfully created a segment for your popular product page with visitors only from New York.

  Check out the heatmap or recordings you created for this page. You may be very surprised to see how this segment engaged with your website compared to all website visitors.

  Note : If you run a lead generation website you can use the Goals feature instead of Ecommerce to track the success metrics you need.

  Learn more about Segmentation

  3. Visitor Profiles within Session Recordings

  Seeing visitor location, device, OS and browser for your recordings is very valuable, but it’s even more valuable to integrate visitor profiles with session recordings as you get to see everything that visitor has done on your website … ever ! 

  What pages they visited before/after the recording, what actions they took, how long they spent on your website etc. All this is captured in the visitor profile of every individual session recording so you can see where exactly engaged viewers are in their journey with your business, for example :

  • How has this visitor behaved on your website in the past ? 
  • Is this visitor already a customer ? 
  • Is this the visitors first time to your website and
  • What other pages on your website are they interested in seeing in this session ?

  Use the visitor profiles feature within session recordings to understand the users better when watching each session.

  You get the full picture of what role the page you recorded played in the overall experience of your website’s visitor. And more importantly, to see if they took the desired action you wanted them to take.

  

  Learn more about Visitor Profiles

  4. Funnels feature (premium feature)

  The Funnels feature lets you see the customer journey from the first entry page through to the conversion page.

  

  Once you create a funnel, you can see the % of visitors who drop off between pages on their way to converting.

  In our example, you may then see page one to page two has a drop-off rate of 47%. Page two to page three 95% users drop-off rate and page three to page four 97.3% users drop-off rate.

  Why is the drop-off rate so high from page two to page three and why is the drop-off rate so low from page three to page four ?

  So, you may need to simplify things on page one because you may unknowingly be offering your visitor an easy way out of the funnel. Maybe the visitor is stuck reading your content and not understanding the value of your offering.

  Small tip for session recordings …

  With session recordings especially you can see firsthand through live recordings where exactly visitors click away from the page which exits them from your conversion funnel. Take note to see if this is a recurring issue with other visitors, then take action into fixing this hole.

  Whatever the case, work towards reducing drop-off rates through your conversion funnels by discovering where the problems exist, make changes and learn how these changes affect engagement through heatmaps and recordings.

  Learn more about Funnels

  5. A/B Testing feature (premium feature)

  Following on from the example with the Funnels feature, once you identify there is a problem in your conversion funnel, how do you know what is preventing visitors from taking an action that pushes them to the next page in the funnel ? You need to test different variations of content to see what works best for your visitors.

  A/B Testing lets you test a variety of things, including :

  • different headlines 
  • less copy vs more copy 
  • different call-to-actions
  • different colour schemes
  • entirely different page layouts

  

  Once you’ve created two or more variations of specific landing pages in the conversion funnel, see how visitors interacted differently between the variations of landing pages through your heatmaps and recordings.

  

  You may see that your visitors have scrolled further down the page because more content was provided or an important CTA button was clicked more due to a colour change. Whatever the case, using A/B testing with heatmaps and session recordings is an effective combination for increasing user engagement.

  Learn more about A/B Testing

  The conversion rate optimization (CRO) strategy

  CRO is the process of learning what the most valuable content/aspect of your website is and how to best optimize this for your visitors to increase conversion chances. 

  Heatmaps and session recordings play a vital role in this strategy, but it’s how you work these features in tandem with other valuable Matomo features that will give you the most actionable insights you need to grow your business.

  Want to learn how to create an effective CRO strategy ?

  Learn CRO strategies