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• Overlay different images with different time span to a video

  26 juillet 2015, par azri.dev

  I need to overlay a video with ’different images’ at ’different time span’.
  Using python and ffmpeg I developed a code which do exactlly what I need but it is time consuming and not efficient in processing.

  The code is just loop over all the images (with their time span) and output new video file which will be an input for the next loop.

  Here is my code :

  def insert_photos_to_video(photos_to_add_array, input_video):
  
      count = 0
  
      position_x = 25
  
      position_y = 25
  
  
  
      image_position =  str(position_x) +':'+ str(position_y)
  
  
  
      for item in photos_to_add_array:
  
          image_path, time = item
  
          start_time, end_time = time
  
          output_video_name = str(count) + '.mp4'
  
          output_video_file = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), output_video_name)
  
  
  
          if count == 0:
  
              input_video_path_name = input_video
  
  
  
          command = 'ffmpeg -i '+ str(input_video_path_name) +' -i '+ image_path +' -filter_complex "[0:v][1:v] overlay='+ image_position +':enable=\'between(t,'+ str(start_time) +','+ str(end_time) +')\'" -pix_fmt yuv420p -c:a copy  '+ output_video_file 
  
          subprocess.call(command, shell=True)
  
  
  
          input_video_path_name = output_video_file
  
  
  
          count = count + 1
  
  
  
      return output_video_file

  • Is there any way to improve the code by combining all input images (along with their time span) in one ffmpeg command ?
  • Is there any other good way to do the above task with python using other libraries (e.g. OpenCV).

  Thanks in advance.

• ffmpeg : error while loading shared libraries : libvpx.so.6 : cannot open shared object file : No such file or directory

  16 avril 2021, par Panos

  I am building a multi tool discord bot in Python rewrite.

  


  So I decided to add music to it as well. When I completed the bot and tried it on my local pc it worked perfectly. However when I uploaded to Heroku I got some errors for ffmpeg.

  


  Initially I thought Heroku is Linux based so I downloaded ffmpeg for Linux. Still didn't work. Then i added a apt buildpack and downloaded it that way. It worked however now a get a different error. It finds the ffmpeg but the song is not played and this is displayed in the console :

  


  


  [ffmpeg : error while loading shared libraries : libvpx.so.6 : cannot
open shared object file : No such file or directory]

  


  


  How can I resolve this issue ?

  


  Here is the whole code :

  


  import discord
from discord.ext import commands

import asyncio
import itertools
import sys
import traceback
from async_timeout import timeout
from functools import partial
from youtube_dl import YoutubeDL
import ctypes
import ctypes.util

@commands.Cog.listener()
async def on_ready(self):

    print("ctypes - Find opus:")
    a = ctypes.util.find_library('opus')
    print(a)
    
    print("Discord - Load Opus:")
    b = discord.opus.load_opus(a)
    print(b)
    
    print("Discord - Is loaded:")
    c = discord.opus.is_loaded()
    print(c)



ytdlopts = {
    'format': 'bestaudio/best',
    'outtmpl': 'downloads/%(extractor)s-%(id)s-%(title)s.%(ext)s',
    'restrictfilenames': True,
    'noplaylist': True,
    'nocheckcertificate': True,
    'ignoreerrors': False,
    'logtostderr': False,
    'quiet': True,
    'no_warnings': True,
    'default_search': 'auto',
    'source_address': '0.0.0.0'
}

ffmpegopts = {
    'before_options': '-nostdin',
    'options': '-vn'
}

ytdl = YoutubeDL(ytdlopts)


class VoiceConnectionError(commands.CommandError):


class InvalidVoiceChannel(VoiceConnectionError):



class YTDLSource(discord.PCMVolumeTransformer):

    def __init__(self, source, *, data, requester):
        super().__init__(source)
        self.requester = requester

        self.title = data.get('title')
        self.web_url = data.get('webpage_url')


    def __getitem__(self, item: str):
        return self.__getattribute__(item)

    @classmethod
    async def create_source(cls, ctx, search: str, *, loop, download=False):
        loop = loop or asyncio.get_event_loop()

        to_run = partial(ytdl.extract_info, url=search, download=download)
        data = await loop.run_in_executor(None, to_run)

        if 'entries' in data:
            data = data['entries'][0]

        await ctx.send(f'```ini\n[Added {data["title"]} to the Queue.]\n```')

        if download:
            source = ytdl.prepare_filename(data)
        else:
            return {'webpage_url': data['webpage_url'], 'requester': ctx.author, 'title': data['title']}

        return cls(discord.FFmpegPCMAudio(source), data=data, requester=ctx.author)

    @classmethod
    async def regather_stream(cls, data, *, loop):
        """Used for preparing a stream, instead of downloading.
        Since Youtube Streaming links expire."""
        loop = loop or asyncio.get_event_loop()
        requester = data['requester']

        to_run = partial(ytdl.extract_info, url=data['webpage_url'], download=False)
        data = await loop.run_in_executor(None, to_run)

        return cls(discord.FFmpegPCMAudio(data['url']), data=data, requester=requester)


class MusicPlayer(commands.Cog):

    __slots__ = ('bot', '_guild', '_channel', '_cog', 'queue', 'next', 'current', 'np', 'volume')

    def __init__(self, ctx):
        self.bot = ctx.bot
        self._guild = ctx.guild
        self._channel = ctx.channel
        self._cog = ctx.cog

        self.queue = asyncio.Queue()
        self.next = asyncio.Event()

        self.np = None
        self.volume = .5
        self.current = None

        ctx.bot.loop.create_task(self.player_loop())

    async def player_loop(self):
        """Our main player loop."""
        await self.bot.wait_until_ready()

        while not self.bot.is_closed():
            self.next.clear()

            try:
                    source = await self.queue.get()
            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                return self.destroy(self._guild)

            if not isinstance(source, YTDLSource):
                try:
                    source = await YTDLSource.regather_stream(source, loop=self.bot.loop)
                except Exception as e:
                    await self._channel.send(f'There was an error processing your song.\n'
                                             f'```css\n[{e}]\n```')
                    continue

            source.volume = self.volume
            self.current = source

            self._guild.voice_client.play(source, after=lambda _: self.bot.loop.call_soon_threadsafe(self.next.set))
            self.np = await self._channel.send(f'**Now Playing:** `{source.title}` requested by '
                                               f'`{source.requester}`')
            await self.next.wait()

            source.cleanup()
            self.current = None

            try:
                await self.np.delete()
            except discord.HTTPException:
                pass

    def destroy(self, guild):
        """Disconnect and cleanup the player."""
        return self.bot.loop.create_task(self._cog.cleanup(guild))


class Music(commands.Cog):
    """Music related commands."""

    __slots__ = ('bot', 'players')

    def __init__(self, bot):
        self.bot = bot
        self.players = {}

    async def cleanup(self, guild):
        try:
            await guild.voice_client.disconnect()
        except AttributeError:
            pass

        try:
            del self.players[guild.id]
        except KeyError:
            pass

    async def __local_check(self, ctx):
        """A local check which applies to all commands in this cog."""
        if not ctx.guild:
            raise commands.NoPrivateMessage
        return True

    async def __error(self, ctx, error):
        """A local error handler for all errors arising from commands in this cog."""
        if isinstance(error, commands.NoPrivateMessage):
            try:
                return await ctx.send('This command can not be used in Private Messages.')
            except discord.HTTPException:
                pass
        elif isinstance(error, InvalidVoiceChannel):
            await ctx.send('Error connecting to Voice Channel. '
                           'Please make sure you are in a valid channel or provide me with one')

        print('Ignoring exception in command {}:'.format(ctx.command), file=sys.stderr)
        traceback.print_exception(type(error), error, error.__traceback__, file=sys.stderr)

    def get_player(self, ctx):
        """Retrieve the guild player, or generate one."""
        try:
            player = self.players[ctx.guild.id]
        except KeyError:
            player = MusicPlayer(ctx)
            self.players[ctx.guild.id] = player

        return player

    @commands.command(name='connect', aliases=['join'])
    async def connect_(self, ctx):
        try:
            channel = ctx.author.voice.channel
        except AttributeError:
            raise InvalidVoiceChannel('No channel to join.')

        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if vc:
            if vc.channel.id == channel.id:
                return
            try:
                await vc.move_to(channel)
            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                raise VoiceConnectionError(f'Moving to channel: <{channel}> timed out.')
        else:
            try:
                await channel.connect()
            except asyncio.TimeoutError:
                raise VoiceConnectionError(f'Connecting to channel: <{channel}> timed out.')

        await ctx.send(f'Connected to: **{channel}**', )

    @commands.command(name='play', aliases=['sing'])
    async def play_(self, ctx, *, search: str):
        await ctx.trigger_typing()

        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc:
            await ctx.invoke(self.connect_)

        player = self.get_player(ctx)
        source = await YTDLSource.create_source(ctx, search, loop=self.bot.loop, download=False)

        await player.queue.put(source)

    @commands.command(name='pause')
    async def pause_(self, ctx):
        """Pause the currently playing song."""
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_playing():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently playing anything!')
        elif vc.is_paused():
            return

        vc.pause()
        await ctx.send(f'**`{ctx.author}`**: Paused the song!')

    @commands.command(name='resume')
    async def resume_(self, ctx):
        """Resume the currently paused song."""
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently playing anything!', )
        elif not vc.is_paused():
            return

        vc.resume()
        await ctx.send(f'**`{ctx.author}`**: Resumed the song!')

    @commands.command(name='skip')
    async def skip_(self, ctx):
        """Skip the song."""
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently playing anything!')

        if vc.is_paused():
            pass
        elif not vc.is_playing():
            return

        vc.stop()
        await ctx.send(f'**`{ctx.author}`**: Skipped the song!')

    @commands.command(name='queue', aliases=['q', 'playlist'])
    async def queue_info(self, ctx):
        """Retrieve a basic queue of upcoming songs."""
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently connected to voice!')

        player = self.get_player(ctx)
        if player.queue.empty():
            return await ctx.send('There are currently no more queued songs.')

        upcoming = list(itertools.islice(player.queue._queue, 0, 5))

        fmt = '\n'.join(f'**`{_["title"]}`**' for _ in upcoming)
        embed = discord.Embed(title=f'Upcoming - Next {len(upcoming)}', description=fmt)

        await ctx.send(embed=embed)

    @commands.command(name='now_playing', aliases=['np', 'current', 'currentsong', 'playing'])
    async def now_playing_(self, ctx):
        """Display information about the currently playing song."""
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently connected to voice!', )

        player = self.get_player(ctx)
        if not player.current:
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently playing anything!')

        try:
            await player.np.delete()
        except discord.HTTPException:
            pass

        player.np = await ctx.send(f'**Now Playing:** `{vc.source.title}` '
                                   f'requested by `{vc.source.requester}`')

    @commands.command(name='volume', aliases=['vol'])
    async def change_volume(self, ctx, *, vol: float):
        """Change the player volume.
        Parameters
        ------------
        volume: float or int [Required]
            The volume to set the player to in percentage. This must be between 1 and 100.
        """
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently connected to voice!', )

        if not 0 < vol < 101:
            return await ctx.send('Please enter a value between 1 and 100.')

        player = self.get_player(ctx)

        if vc.source:
            vc.source.volume = vol / 100

        player.volume = vol / 100
        await ctx.send(f'**`{ctx.author}`**: Set the volume to **{vol}%**')

    @commands.command(name='stop', aliases=['leave'])
    async def stop_(self, ctx):
        vc = ctx.voice_client

        if not vc or not vc.is_connected():
            return await ctx.send('I am not currently playing anything!')

        await self.cleanup(ctx.guild)


def setup(client):
    client.add_cog(Music(client))


  


• run ffmpeg in a loop on pngs for efficiency ?

  3 juin 2021, par Cam

  I am using ffmpeg to embed production data as text overlay into separate frames of animation saved as png files.

  


  At the moment its very inefficient as I need to sample values from the animation scene such as current frame and camera focal length, and so I have a loop that samples the information each frame, runs ffmpeg to embed the text for that frame, then closes ffmpeg and repeats until complete.

  


  If I have two given string list arrays (such as frame number and focal length), is there a way to ask ffmpeg to run a single instance but for each png from its given list it also references the next item from the array to print the text and therefore operate only once the entire set of frames ?