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• How to Write to AVI with OpenCV Python on Windows 10

  29 juillet 2019, par Novak

  I want to write properly formed frames of video data to an AVI.

  All attempts fail.

  What I end up with, after long efforts of debugging, are *.avi files of non-zero length in the desired directory, which will not play with any of multiple video players already installed on my system.

  Please note : High quality answers will be COMPLETE and DETAIL oriented. In particular, questions about writing video with OpenCV tend to generate drive-by responses including little more than another four-letter code to stick in fourcc. Answers which do so without also telling me at a minimum what file extension to use, what file type it will generate, and why it is expected to work over what I give above are unhelpful.

  Here are the salient details of the system :

  Operating System : Windows 10
  Language : Python 3.7, with Anaconda 3
  OpenCV : 4.1.0

  Here Is What I Have Done/Tried :

  Installed FFMPEG as per this link, restarted Anaconda, and verified ffmpeg (ffmpeg -version) from within Anaconda, with the following result :

  ffmpeg version N-94396-g47b6ca0b02 Copyright (c) 2000-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  
  built with gcc 9.1.1 (GCC) 20190716
  
  configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-sdl2 --enable-fontconfig --enable-gnutls --enable-iconv --enable-libass --enable-libdav1d --enable-libbluray --enable-libfreetype --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libzimg --enable-lzma --enable-zlib --enable-gmp --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libmysofa --enable-libspeex --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libmfx --enable-amf --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-cuvid --enable-d3d11va --enable-nvenc --enable-nvdec --enable-dxva2 --enable-avisynth --enable-libopenmpt
  
  libavutil      56. 32.100 / 56. 32.100
  
  libavcodec     58. 55.100 / 58. 55.100
  
  libavformat    58. 30.100 / 58. 30.100
  
  libavdevice    58.  9.100 / 58.  9.100
  
  libavfilter     7. 58.100 /  7. 58.100
  
  libswscale      5.  6.100 /  5.  6.100
  
  libswresample   3.  6.100 /  3.  6.100
  
  libpostproc    55.  6.100 / 55.  6.100

  Multiple variations on the theme of :

  import cv2
  
  fourcc = cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc(*"DIVX")
  
  vidout = cv2.VideoWriter(baseDir + "videos\\foo.avi", fourcc, 30, (530, 476))
  
  
  
  for frame in frames:
  
      <do stuff="stuff" to="to" generate="generate" foo="foo">
  
      cv2.imshow("foo", foo)
  
      vidout.write(foo)
  
  vidout.release()
  
  </do>

  Verified shape, dtype, and general viability of output data with cv2.imshow("foo", foo)

  Results : Unplayable AVI files

• FFmpeg Time Lapse from Sources with Long Frozen Tail End

  5 juillet 2019, par Rich_F

  My source for inputs into FFmpeg is either one AVI file or a concat of many of them. Either way my resulting timelapse file has a long tail of frames that are a repeat of a single frame. It’s like a very long freeze frame is resulting on the end of my output file.

  I’m on an older Mac Pro so I can’t update my FFmpeg. I have a laptop that has a newer version and I get the same there as well. I’m not sure if it’s because my source files are AVI or not.

  ffmpeg version 4.1.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  
      built with Apple LLVM version 8.0.0 (clang-800.0.42.1)
  
      configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/4.1.1 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-hardcoded-tables --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags=-I/System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Versions/Current/Headers/ --host-ldflags= --enable-ffplay --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libbluray --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-librubberband --enable-libsnappy --enable-libtesseract --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-lzma --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-libass --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librtmp --enable-libspeex --enable-videotoolbox --disable-libjack --disable-indev=jack --enable-libaom --enable-libsoxr
  
      libavutil      56. 22.100 / 56. 22.100
  
      libavcodec     58. 35.100 / 58. 35.100
  
      libavformat    58. 20.100 / 58. 20.100
  
      libavdevice    58.  5.100 / 58.  5.100
  
      libavfilter     7. 40.101 /  7. 40.101
  
      libavresample   4.  0.  0 /  4.  0.  0
  
      libswscale      5.  3.100 /  5.  3.100
  
      libswresample   3.  3.100 /  3.  3.100
  
      libpostproc    55.  3.100 / 55.  3.100
  
  [avi @ 0x7fa82080c800] sample size (1) != block align (2)
  
  Guessed Channel Layout for Input Stream #0.1 : mono
  
  Input #0, avi, from 'concat:16460001.AVI|16460002.AVI|16460003.AVI|16460004.AVI|16460005.AVI|16460006.AVI|16460007.AVI|16460008.AVI|16460009.AVI|16460010.AVI|16460011.AVI|16460012.AVI|16460013.AVI|16460014.AVI|16460015.AVI|16460016.AVI|16460017.AVI|16460018.AVI|16460019.AVI|16460020.AVI|16460021.AVI':
  
      Duration: 00:10:02.00, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 365923 kb/s
  
          Stream #0:0: Video: mjpeg (MJPG / 0x47504A4D), yuvj420p(pc, bt470bg/unknown/unknown), 1280x720, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 30 tbn, 30 tbc
  
          Stream #0:1: Audio: pcm_s16le ([1][0][0][0] / 0x0001), 32000 Hz, mono, s16, 512 kb/s
  
  Stream mapping:
  
      Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (mjpeg (native) -> h264 (libx264))
  
      Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (pcm_s16le (native) -> aac (native))
  
  Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.1 Cache64
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] profile High, level 3.1
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] 264 - core 155 r2917 0a84d98 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2018 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x3:0x113 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=-2 threads=12 lookahead_threads=2 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=16 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
  
  Output #0, mp4, to 'out.mp4':
  
      Metadata:
  
          encoder         : Lavf58.20.100
  
          Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (libx264) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuvj420p(pc, progressive), 1280x720, q=-1--1, 16 fps, 16384 tbn, 16 tbc
  
          Metadata:
  
              encoder         : Lavc58.35.100 libx264
  
          Side data:
  
              cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: -1
  
          Stream #0:1: Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 32000 Hz, mono, fltp, 69 kb/s
  
          Metadata:
  
              encoder         : Lavc58.35.100 aac
  
  frame= 1962 fps=1.2 q=-1.0 Lsize=  136725kB time=03:24:07.00 bitrate=  91.5kbits/s dup=0 drop=365448 speed=7.41x
  
  video:31548kB audio:103624kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 1.149437%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] frame I:10    Avg QP:18.74  size: 62176
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] frame P:514   Avg QP:21.24  size: 30528
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] frame B:1438  Avg QP:22.74  size: 11121
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] consecutive B-frames:  1.4%  2.0%  2.0% 94.6%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] mb I  I16..4:  2.1% 97.2%  0.7%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] mb P  I16..4:  2.0% 33.3%  0.1%  P16..4: 37.7% 12.0% 10.4%  0.0%  0.0%    skip: 4.5%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] mb B  I16..4:  0.7% 11.5%  0.0%  B16..8: 29.1%  4.8%  1.3%  direct:12.0%  skip:40.6%  L0:47.5% L1:42.9% BI: 9.6%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] 8x8 transform intra:94.3% inter:83.0%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 73.4% 66.7% 8.5% inter: 25.9% 46.8% 2.2%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] i16 v,h,dc,p: 17% 33% 26% 24%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] i8 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 13% 23% 51%  1%  2%  1%  4%  1%  2%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 17% 21% 19%  5%  8%  7% 13%  5%  5%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] i8c dc,h,v,p: 46% 29% 23%  2%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] Weighted P-Frames: Y:47.5% UV:19.3%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] ref P L0: 45.0% 13.8% 20.6% 15.7%  5.0%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] ref B L0: 61.1% 30.4%  8.5%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] ref B L1: 85.8% 14.2%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa82082cc00] kb/s:2107.54
  
  [aac @ 0x7fa82081ea00] Qavg: 130.084

  I’ve read this thread and tried to follow it :

  Create time lapse video from other video

  Here are some trials I’ve attempted before, all with the same output :

  # ffmpeg -y -i $mov -vf framestep=10,setpts=N/FRAME_RATE/TB,fps=2 -r 30 $out
  
  # ffmpeg -y -i $mov -vf framestep=10,setpts=.01*PTS -r 30 $out
  
  # ffmpeg -y -i $mov -vf framestep=10,setpts=.1*PTS -r 30 $out
  
  # ffmpeg -y -i "concat:16460001.AVI|16460002.AVI|16460003.AVI|16460004.AVI|16460005.AVI|16460006.AVI|16460007.AVI|16460008.AVI|16460009.AVI|16460010.AVI|16460011.AVI|16460012.AVI|16460013.AVI|16460014.AVI|16460015.AVI|16460016.AVI|16460017.AVI|16460018.AVI|16460019.AVI|16460020.AVI|16460021.AVI" -vf framestep=10,setpts=.05*PTS -r 30 $out
  
  ffmpeg -y -i "concat:16460001.AVI|16460002.AVI|16460003.AVI|16460004.AVI|16460005.AVI|16460006.AVI|16460007.AVI|16460008.AVI|16460009.AVI|16460010.AVI|16460011.AVI|16460012.AVI|16460013.AVI|16460014.AVI|16460015.AVI|16460016.AVI|16460017.AVI|16460018.AVI|16460019.AVI|16460020.AVI|16460021.AVI" -r 16 -filter:v "setpts=0.01*PTS" out.mp4

  Am I overlooking something ? I’m trying to speed up the inputs into a single file to quickly review incoming security footage. How can I do this without the super long useless tail at the end ?

• C# Bitmap to AVI / WMV with Compression

  5 juillet 2019, par Digitalsa1nt

  Prelude :

  I’m going to preface this with, I have been learning C# in my spare time at work, and that I have been staring at code for a solid two days trying to wrap my head around this problem. I am developing some software to be used with a visualiser that connects by USB to a standard Desktop PC, the software detects the capture device and loads frames into bitmap using a New Frame Event, this is then displayed in a ’picture box’ as a live video stream. The problem as it sits is trying to encorporate the ability to record the stream and save to file, preferably a WMV or a compressed AVI.

  What’s been tried :

  I have considered and looked into the following :

  SharpAVI - cant seem to get this to compress or save the frames properly as it appears to mainly look at existing AVI files.

  AForge.Video.VFW - AVI files can be created but are far too large to be used, due to restrictions on the user areas of the individuals who will be using this software.

  AForge.Video.FFMPEG - Again due to considerations of those using this software I can’t have unmanaged DLL’s sat in the output folder with the Executable file, and unfortunately this particular DLL cant be compiled properly using Costura Fody.

  AVIFile Library Wrapper (From Code Project) - Again can’t seem to get this to compress a stream correctly from Bitmaps from the New Frame Events.

  DirectShow - Appears to use C++ and unfortunately is beyond my skill level at this time.

  The Relevant Code Snippets :

  Current References :

  using System.Data;
  
  using System.Drawing;
  
  using System.Linq;
  
  using System.Text;
  
  using System.Threading.Tasks;
  
  using System.Windows.Forms;
  
  using System.Resources;
  
  using System.Drawing.Imaging;
  
  using System.IO;
  
  //Aforge Video DLL's
  
  using AForge.Video;
  
  using AForge.Video.VFW;
  
  using AForge.Video.DirectShow;
  
  //Aforge Image DLL's
  
  using AForge.Imaging;
  
  using AForge.Imaging.Formats;
  
  using AForge.Imaging.Filters;
  
  //AviLibrary
  
  using AviFile;

  Global Variables :

      #region Global Variables
  
  
  
      private FilterInfoCollection CaptureDevice; // list of available devices
  
      private VideoCaptureDevice videoSource;
  
      public System.Drawing.Image CapturedImage;
  
  
  
      bool toggleMic = false;
  
  
  
      bool toggleRec = false;
  
      //aforge
  
      AVIWriter aviWriter;
  
      Bitmap image;
  
  
  
  
  
      #endregion

  Code for Displaying Stream

      #region Displays the Stream
  
  
  
      void videoSource_NewFrame(object sender, NewFrameEventArgs eventArgs)
  
      {
  
          picBoxStream.SizeMode = PictureBoxSizeMode.Zoom;
  
          picBoxStream.Image = (Bitmap)eventArgs.Frame.Clone();// clones the bitmap
  
  
  
  
  
          if (toggleRec == true)
  
          {
  
              image = (Bitmap)eventArgs.Frame.Clone();
  
              aviWriter.AddFrame(image);
  
          }
  
      }
  
  
  
      #endregion

  Current Code for Recording Stream

      #region Record Button
  
  
  
      private void btnRecord_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
  
      {
  
          if (toggleRec == false)
  
          {
  
              saveAVI = new SaveFileDialog();
  
              saveAVI.Filter = "AVI Files (*.avi)|*.avi";
  
  
  
              if (saveAVI.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
  
              {
  
                  aviWriter = new AVIWriter();
  
                  aviWriter.Open(saveAVI.FileName, 1280, 720);
  
  
  
                  toggleRec = true;
  
                  Label lblRec = new Label();
  
              }
  
  
  
          }
  
          else if (toggleRec == true)
  
          {
  
              aviWriter.Close();
  
              toggleRec = false;
  
          }
  
      }
  
  
  
      #endregion

  I apoligise if the above code doesn’t look quite right, I have been swapping, changing and recoding those three sections a lot in order to find a working combination. This means that it’s rather untidy but I didn’t see the point in cleaning it all up until I had the code working. That being said really any help that you can provide is greatfully recieved, even if it’s a case of what I want to do just cannot be done.

  Thank you in advance.

  EDIT : 2019 :

  It’s been awhile since I posted this and it still gets the odd bit of interest here and there. Back when I posted this I was teaching myself to code and I had this weird quirk that I didn’t like using 3rd party libraries if I could avoid it, I wanted to do my own work, since then I’ve learnt a lot and one of those things is that the open source world is immense, impressive and kind. So if there is a 3rd party library that does what you want just use it, it’ll save you time.