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• Streaming Webcam from Windows 10 to Ubuntu 18.04 via WSL2 and usbip [closed]

  15 juin 2021, par Jacob Dallas

  Background
  
Alright so I was able to set up my Windows 10 desktop with WSL2 in order to run Ubuntu 18.04. I'm trying to get the webcam to be accessible and have picked and pieced together the following tutorials in order to get myself to where I am.

  


  

  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IL7Jd9rjgrM

  


  • https://github.com/rpasek/usbip-wsl2-instructions

  


  • https://www.davecorder.org/windows-10/

  


  • https://www.reddit.com/r/bashonubuntuonwindows/comments/gcbjfi/module_usbcore_not_found_in_directory/

  


  • https://dmaiorino.com/?p=12

    

  


  


  The Why
  
"Why would you go through this painstaking effort ? Seems dumb." you might be telling yourself. Well I think that it's dumb that WSL2 doesn't have a USB pass-through, so there's that. But I develop on Windows traditionally, and with a recent computer vision project I'm undertaking that incorporates the Nvidia Isaac SDK (only available on Ubuntu 18.04) I was hoping to continue to use Windows to develop, and then Ubuntu 18.04 to test. I'm trying to stay away from dual booting because switching back and forth between OSs is time-consuming.

  


  Current State
  
What I'm able to do is pass through the web camera using usbip from windows using the following commands
  
.\usbip.exe bind -b 1-189
  
.\usbipd.exe -d -4
  

  


  and then on the linux side I connect it by running
  
sudo usbip attach --remote=172.30.64.1 --busid=1-220
  
except that I put in my own remote address and busid

  


  What that results in is the ability to see that the camera is attached and seen by linux, but no matter what program/library I use, none of them are able to open the webcam

  


  Here are some outputs from different commands people have used to display camera information :
  

  


  ~$ v4l2-ctl --list-devices 
Logitech Webcam C930e (usb-vhci_hcd.0-1):
    /dev/video0
    /dev/video1

~$ v4l-info /dev/video0

### v4l2 device info [/dev/video0] ###
general info
    VIDIOC_QUERYCAP
    driver                  : "uvcvideo"
    card                    : "Logitech Webcam C930e"
    bus_info                : "usb-vhci_hcd.0-1"
    version                 : 4.19.84
    capabilities            : 0x84a00001 [VIDEO_CAPTURE,?,?,STREAMING,(null)]

standards

inputs
    VIDIOC_ENUMINPUT(0)
    index                   : 0
    name                    : "Camera 1"
    type                    : CAMERA
    audioset                : 0
    tuner                   : 0
    std                     : 0x0 []
    status                  : 0x0 []

video capture
    VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT(0,VIDEO_CAPTURE)
    index                   : 0
    type                    : VIDEO_CAPTURE
    flags                   : 0
    description             : "YUYV 4:2:2"
    pixelformat             : 0x56595559 [YUYV]
    VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT(1,VIDEO_CAPTURE)
    index                   : 1
    type                    : VIDEO_CAPTURE
    flags                   : 1
    description             : "Motion-JPEG"
    pixelformat             : 0x47504a4d [MJPG]
    VIDIOC_G_FMT(VIDEO_CAPTURE)
    type                    : VIDEO_CAPTURE
    fmt.pix.width           : 640
    fmt.pix.height          : 480
    fmt.pix.pixelformat     : 0x56595559 [YUYV]
    fmt.pix.field           : NONE
    fmt.pix.bytesperline    : 1280
    fmt.pix.sizeimage       : 614400
    fmt.pix.colorspace      : SRGB
    fmt.pix.priv            : 4276996862

controls
    VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL(BASE+0)
    id                      : 9963776
    type                    : INTEGER
    name                    : "Brightness"
    minimum                 : 0
    maximum                 : 255
    step                    : 1
    default_value           : 128
    flags                   : unknown
    VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL(BASE+1)
    id                      : 9963777
    type                    : INTEGER
    name                    : "Contrast"
    minimum                 : 0
    maximum                 : 255
    step                    : 1
    default_value           : 128
    flags                   : unknown
    VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL(BASE+2)
    id                      : 9963778
    type                    : INTEGER
    name                    : "Saturation"
    minimum                 : 0
    maximum                 : 255
    step                    : 1
    default_value           : 128
    flags                   : unknown
    VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL(BASE+12)
    id                      : 9963788
    type                    : BOOLEAN
    name                    : "White Balance Temperature, Auto"
    minimum                 : 0
    maximum                 : 1
    step                    : 1
    default_value           : 1
    flags                   : unknown
    VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL(BASE+19)
    id                      : 9963795
    type                    : INTEGER
    name                    : "Gain"
    minimum                 : 0
    maximum                 : 255
    step                    : 1
    default_value           : 0
    flags                   : unknown
    VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL(BASE+24)
    id                      : 9963800
    type                    : MENU
    name                    : "Power Line Frequency"
    minimum                 : 0
    maximum                 : 2
    step                    : 1
    default_value           : 2
    flags                   : unknown
    VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL(BASE+26)
    id                      : 9963802
    type                    : INTEGER
    name                    : "White Balance Temperature"
    minimum                 : 2000
    maximum                 : 7500
    step                    : 1
    default_value           : 4000
    flags                   : INACTIVE
    VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL(BASE+27)
    id                      : 9963803
    type                    : INTEGER
    name                    : "Sharpness"
    minimum                 : 0
    maximum                 : 255
    step                    : 1
    default_value           : 128
    flags                   : unknown
    VIDIOC_QUERYCTRL(BASE+28)
    id                      : 9963804
    type                    : INTEGER
    name                    : "Backlight Compensation"
    minimum                 : 0
    maximum                 : 1
    step                    : 1
    default_value           : 0
    flags                   : unknown

~$ sudo ffmpeg -y -t 5 -f video4linux2  -i /dev/video0  out.mov
ffmpeg version 3.4.8-0ubuntu0.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2020 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 7 (Ubuntu 7.5.0-3ubuntu1~18.04)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.2 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-librsvg --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  libavutil      55. 78.100 / 55. 78.100
  libavcodec     57.107.100 / 57.107.100
  libavformat    57. 83.100 / 57. 83.100
  libavdevice    57. 10.100 / 57. 10.100
  libavfilter     6.107.100 /  6.107.100
  libavresample   3.  7.  0 /  3.  7.  0
  libswscale      4.  8.100 /  4.  8.100
  libswresample   2.  9.100 /  2.  9.100
  libpostproc    54.  7.100 / 54.  7.100
/dev/video0: Input/output error

~$ ffmpeg -f v4l2 -video_size 640x480 -i /dev/video0 -frames 1 out.jpg
ffmpeg version 3.4.8-0ubuntu0.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2020 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 7 (Ubuntu 7.5.0-3ubuntu1~18.04)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.2 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-librsvg --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  libavutil      55. 78.100 / 55. 78.100
  libavcodec     57.107.100 / 57.107.100
  libavformat    57. 83.100 / 57. 83.100
  libavdevice    57. 10.100 / 57. 10.100
  libavfilter     6.107.100 /  6.107.100
  libavresample   3.  7.  0 /  3.  7.  0
  libswscale      4.  8.100 /  4.  8.100
  libswresample   2.  9.100 /  2.  9.100
  libpostproc    54.  7.100 / 54.  7.100
/dev/video0: Input/output error


  

  


  I'm not sure if I don't have a specific library, driver, random other thing, but everything I've tried so far seems to not solve the problem.

  
Question
  
Linux sees the web camera, knows that it is a web camera, but is not processing the camera feed. What would you recommend I do to be able to process the video feed ? I think this is an issue with my settings when I originally set up linux with menuconfig.
Any help would be appreciated :)

  


• FFMPEG process Killed and raises returncode 137 when executed through python3 subprocess.Popen but runs fine from the command line

  22 novembre 2017, par Stuart Clarke

  I’m not sure if this is the best way to go about this, but I have another question here which I don’t think was asked very well (or more to the point I realised the actual problem and have a simpler way of asking for help). If you can answer this question you’ll have the answer to the other.

  I’m using python 3.5.2 and ffmpeg 3.3.4-2 and have this function to run my ffmpeg commands :

  def ffmpegPro(args):
  
      err = None
  
      for i, arg in enumerate(args):
  
          if(" " in arg or "(" in arg or "[" in arg):
  
              args[i] = "\"" + arg + "\""
  
      command = [
  
          ffmpegcmd, '-y',
  
          '-loglevel', loglevel
  
      ] + args
  
      commandStr = " ".join(command)
  
      ffmpeg = subprocess.Popen(commandStr, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True, shell=True)
  
      out, err = ffmpeg.communicate()
  
      if ffmpeg.returncode != 0:
  
          print(commandStr + "\n" + "ERROR CODE: " + str(ffmpeg.returncode))
  
          raise Exception(err)

  When I pass the following args the returncode is 137 and the process is Killed. This only occurs when executed in python, when I run the same command at the command line it executes as expected.

  ['-i', '/var/www/temp/film.mp4', '-vf', 'scale=1920:1080:force_original_aspect_ratio=decrease,pad=1920:1080:x=(1920-iw)/2:y=(1080-ih)/2:color=black', '/var/www/temp/videoHD.mp4']

  The resulting command is :

  ffmpeg -y -loglevel verbose -i /var/www/temp/film.mp4 -vf "scale=1920:1080:force_original_aspect_ratio=decrease,pad=1920:1080:x=(1920-iw)/2:y=(1080-ih)/2:color=black" /var/www/temp/videoHD.mp4

  When executed through python :

  ERROR CODE: 137
  
  Traceback (most recent call last):
  
    File "getInsta2.py", line 740, in <module>
  
      populate(media_feed, last, saved)
  
    File "getInsta2.py", line 679, in populate
  
      videoPost(media, hasVids, thisSaved)
  
    File "getInsta2.py", line 639, in videoPost
  
      processVideo(film, final, noMusic, audios, lengths)
  
    File "getInsta2.py", line 358, in processVideo
  
      ffmpegPro(args)
  
    File "getInsta2.py", line 170, in ffmpegPro
  
      raise Exception(err)
  
  Exception: ffmpeg version 3.3.4-2~16.04.york0 Copyright (c) 2000-2017 the FFmpeg developers
  
    built with gcc 5.4.0 (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.4) 20160609
  
    configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version='2~16.04.york0' --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  
    libavutil      55. 58.100 / 55. 58.100
  
    libavcodec     57. 89.100 / 57. 89.100
  
    libavformat    57. 71.100 / 57. 71.100
  
    libavdevice    57.  6.100 / 57.  6.100
  
    libavfilter     6. 82.100 /  6. 82.100
  
    libavresample   3.  5.  0 /  3.  5.  0
  
    libswscale      4.  6.100 /  4.  6.100
  
    libswresample   2.  7.100 /  2.  7.100
  
    libpostproc    54.  5.100 / 54.  5.100
  
  [h264 @ 0x7fa3db55a560] Reinit context to 640x368, pix_fmt: yuv420p
  
  Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from '/var/www/temp/film.mp4':
  
    Metadata:
  
      major_brand     : isom
  
      minor_version   : 512
  
      compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
  
      encoder         : Lavf57.71.100
  
    Duration: 00:06:19.80, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 451 kb/s
  
      Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (High), 1 reference frame (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(left), 640x358 (640x368), 313 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 15360 tbn, 60 tbc (default)
  
      Metadata:
  
        handler_name    : VideoHandler
  
      Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, 128 kb/s (default)
  
      Metadata:
  
        handler_name    : SoundHandler
  
  Stream mapping:
  
    Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (native) -> h264 (libx264))
  
    Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (aac (native) -> aac (native))
  
  Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
  
  [h264 @ 0x7fa3db59c700] Reinit context to 640x368, pix_fmt: yuv420p
  
  [graph_1_in_0_1 @ 0x7fa3db7115e0] tb:1/48000 samplefmt:fltp samplerate:48000 chlayout:0x3
  
  [Parsed_scale_0 @ 0x7fa3db72e000] w:1920 h:1080 flags:'bicubic' interl:0
  
  [graph 0 input from stream 0:0 @ 0x7fa3db72f6a0] w:640 h:358 pixfmt:yuv420p tb:1/15360 fr:30/1 sar:0/1 sws_param:flags=2
  
  [Parsed_scale_0 @ 0x7fa3db72e000] w:640 h:358 fmt:yuv420p sar:0/1 -> w:1920 h:1074 fmt:yuv420p sar:0/1 flags:0x4
  
  [Parsed_pad_1 @ 0x7fa3db72eac0] w:1920 h:1074 -> w:1920 h:1080 x:0 y:2 color:0x000000FF
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa3db7309e0] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX FMA3 AVX2 LZCNT BMI2
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa3db7309e0] profile High, level 4.0
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7fa3db7309e0] 264 - core 148 r2795 aaa9aa8 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2017 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x3:0x113 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=-2 threads=6 lookahead_threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
  
  Output #0, mp4, to '/var/www/temp/videoHD.mp4':
  
    Metadata:
  
      major_brand     : isom
  
      minor_version   : 512
  
      compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
  
      encoder         : Lavf57.71.100
  
      Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (libx264), 1 reference frame ([33][0][0][0] / 0x0021), yuv420p(left), 1920x1080, q=-1--1, 30 fps, 15360 tbn, 30 tbc (default)
  
      Metadata:
  
        handler_name    : VideoHandler
  
        encoder         : Lavc57.89.100 libx264
  
      Side data:
  
        cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: -1
  
      Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) ([64][0][0][0] / 0x0040), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, delay 1024, 128 kb/s (default)
  
      Metadata:
  
        handler_name    : SoundHandler
  
        encoder         : Lavc57.89.100 aac
  
  Killed
  
  </module>

  Note the Killed at the end. This occurs just before any processing begins.

  BUT when run from the command line (cutting and pasting the command as outputted by the code) we get :

  ffmpeg version 3.3.4-2~16.04.york0 Copyright (c) 2000-2017 the FFmpeg developers
  
    built with gcc 5.4.0 (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.4) 20160609
  
    configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version='2~16.04.york0' --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-avisynth --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librubberband --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libopencv --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  
    libavutil      55. 58.100 / 55. 58.100
  
    libavcodec     57. 89.100 / 57. 89.100
  
    libavformat    57. 71.100 / 57. 71.100
  
    libavdevice    57.  6.100 / 57.  6.100
  
    libavfilter     6. 82.100 /  6. 82.100
  
    libavresample   3.  5.  0 /  3.  5.  0
  
    libswscale      4.  6.100 /  4.  6.100
  
    libswresample   2.  7.100 /  2.  7.100
  
    libpostproc    54.  5.100 / 54.  5.100
  
  [h264 @ 0x7f68c918f560] Reinit context to 640x368, pix_fmt: yuv420p
  
  Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from '/var/www/temp/film.mp4':
  
    Metadata:
  
      major_brand     : isom
  
      minor_version   : 512
  
      compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
  
      encoder         : Lavf57.71.100
  
    Duration: 00:06:19.80, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 451 kb/s
  
      Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (High), 1 reference frame (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p(left), 640x358 (640x368), 313 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 15360 tbn, 60 tbc (default)
  
      Metadata:
  
        handler_name    : VideoHandler
  
      Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, 128 kb/s (default)
  
      Metadata:
  
        handler_name    : SoundHandler
  
  Stream mapping:
  
    Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (native) -> h264 (libx264))
  
    Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (aac (native) -> aac (native))
  
  Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
  
  [h264 @ 0x7f68c91d1700] Reinit context to 640x368, pix_fmt: yuv420p
  
  [graph_1_in_0_1 @ 0x7f68c93465e0] tb:1/48000 samplefmt:fltp samplerate:48000 chlayout:0x3
  
  [Parsed_scale_0 @ 0x7f68c9363000] w:1920 h:1080 flags:'bicubic' interl:0
  
  [graph 0 input from stream 0:0 @ 0x7f68c93646a0] w:640 h:358 pixfmt:yuv420p tb:1/15360 fr:30/1 sar:0/1 sws_param:flags=2
  
  [Parsed_scale_0 @ 0x7f68c9363000] w:640 h:358 fmt:yuv420p sar:0/1 -> w:1920 h:1074 fmt:yuv420p sar:0/1 flags:0x4
  
  [Parsed_pad_1 @ 0x7f68c9363ac0] w:1920 h:1074 -> w:1920 h:1080 x:0 y:2 color:0x000000FF
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX FMA3 AVX2 LZCNT BMI2
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] profile High, level 4.0
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] 264 - core 148 r2795 aaa9aa8 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2017 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x3:0x113 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=-2 threads=6 lookahead_threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=25 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
  
  Output #0, mp4, to '/var/www/temp/videoHD.mp4':
  
    Metadata:
  
      major_brand     : isom
  
      minor_version   : 512
  
      compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
  
      encoder         : Lavf57.71.100
  
      Stream #0:0(und): Video: h264 (libx264), 1 reference frame ([33][0][0][0] / 0x0021), yuv420p(left), 1920x1080, q=-1--1, 30 fps, 15360 tbn, 30 tbc (default)
  
      Metadata:
  
        handler_name    : VideoHandler
  
        encoder         : Lavc57.89.100 libx264
  
      Side data:
  
        cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/0 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: -1
  
      Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) ([64][0][0][0] / 0x0040), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, delay 1024, 128 kb/s (default)
  
      Metadata:
  
        handler_name    : SoundHandler
  
        encoder         : Lavc57.89.100 aac
  
  frame=   46 fps=0.0 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:01.62 bitrate=   0.0kbits/s
  
  frame=   59 fps= 46 q=29.0 size=     116kB time=00:00:02.04 bitrate= 464.8kbits/
  
  frame=   72 fps= 40 q=29.0 size=     203kB time=00:00:02.49 bitrate= 667.2kbits/
  
  frame=   84 fps= 36 q=29.0 size=     308kB time=00:00:02.88 bitrate= 875.9kbits/
  
      Blah
  
      Blah
  
      Blah
  
  frame=11351 fps= 21 q=26.0 size=   97572kB time=00:06:18.45 bitrate=2112.1kbits/
  
  frame=11367 fps= 21 q=29.0 size=   97732kB time=00:06:18.98 bitrate=2112.5kbits/
  
  frame=11384 fps= 22 q=29.0 size=   97809kB time=00:06:19.56 bitrate=2111.0kbits/
  
  No more output streams to write to, finishing.
  
  frame=11392 fps= 21 q=-1.0 Lsize=   98519kB time=00:06:19.77 bitrate=2125.1kbits/s speed=0.715x    
  
  video:92124kB audio:5986kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 0.416313%
  
  Input file #0 (/var/www/temp/film.mp4):
  
    Input stream #0:0 (video): 11392 packets read (14892948 bytes); 11392 frames decoded; 
  
    Input stream #0:1 (audio): 17803 packets read (6112540 bytes); 17802 frames decoded (18229248 samples); 
  
    Total: 29195 packets (21005488 bytes) demuxed
  
  Output file #0 (/var/www/temp/videoHD.mp4):
  
    Output stream #0:0 (video): 11392 frames encoded; 11392 packets muxed (94334785 bytes); 
  
    Output stream #0:1 (audio): 17802 frames encoded (18229248 samples); 17803 packets muxed (6129981 bytes); 
  
    Total: 29195 packets (100464766 bytes) muxed
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] frame I:74    Avg QP:19.08  size: 51540
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] frame P:3506  Avg QP:21.34  size: 19348
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] frame B:7812  Avg QP:24.07  size:  2904
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] consecutive B-frames:  1.3% 20.2%  4.6% 73.9%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] mb I  I16..4: 19.7% 73.6%  6.7%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] mb P  I16..4:  3.2%  6.4%  0.1%  P16..4: 52.5%  7.6%  2.6%  0.0%  0.0%    skip:27.6%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] mb B  I16..4:  0.2%  0.2%  0.0%  B16..8: 23.2%  0.4%  0.0%  direct: 0.5%  skip:75.5%  L0:51.8% L1:46.6% BI: 1.6%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] 8x8 transform intra:66.4% inter:94.0%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 33.6% 53.4% 7.3% inter: 5.3% 14.2% 0.0%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] i16 v,h,dc,p: 22% 27%  5% 46%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] i8 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 29% 19% 20%  4%  7%  7%  7%  5%  4%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 31% 28% 11%  3%  9%  7%  6%  3%  2%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] i8c dc,h,v,p: 49% 21% 20% 10%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.5% UV:0.1%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] ref P L0: 63.4%  8.9% 21.4%  6.3%  0.0%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] ref B L0: 89.3%  9.1%  1.6%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] ref B L1: 98.1%  1.9%
  
  [libx264 @ 0x7f68c93659e0] kb/s:1987.38
  
  [aac @ 0x7f68c9366e80] Qavg: 1160.814

  and the output video is fine.

  Why would this process be killed by python ?

  Thanks,

  Stu

• A Primer to Ethical Marketing : How to Build Trust in a Privacy-First World

  11 mars, par Alex Carmona — Marketing, Privacy, ethical marketing

  Imagine a marketing landscape where transparency replaces tactics, where consumer privacy is prioritised over exploitation, and where authentic value builds genuine relationships.

  This isn’t just an ideal—it’s the future of marketing. And it starts with ethical marketing practices.

  76% of consumers refuse to buy from companies they do not trust with their data. Ethical marketing has become essential for business survival. As privacy regulations tighten and third-party cookies phase out, marketers face a critical question : how can they balance effective, personalised campaigns whilst respecting privacy ?

  This comprehensive guide explores what ethical marketing is, the key principles behind ethical marketing practices, and practical strategies to implement an ethical approach that builds trust while driving growth.

  What is ethical marketing ? A comprehensive definition

  Ethical marketing places respect for consumer boundaries at its core whilst delivering genuine value. It prioritises transparent practices, honest communication, and fair value exchange with consumers. This approach represents a significant shift from traditional marketing, which often relied on collecting vast amounts of user data through invasive tracking methods and obscure policies.

  The modern approach to ethical marketing creates a foundation built on three key pillars :

  • User Control : Giving people genuine choice and agency over their data
  • Fair Value : Providing clear benefits in exchange for any data shared
  • Transparency : Being honest about how data is collected, used, and protected

  

  Key principles of ethical marketing

  Transparency

  Transparency means being clear and forthright about your marketing practices, data collection policies, and business operations. It involves :

  • Using plain language to explain how you collect and use customer data
  • Being upfront about pricing, product limitations, and terms of service
  • Disclosing sponsored content and affiliate relationships
  • Making privacy policies accessible and understandable

  When Matomo surveyed 2,000 consumers, 81% said they believe an organisation’s data practices reflect their overall treatment of customers. Transparency isn’t just about compliance—it’s about demonstrating respect.

  Honesty

  While similar to transparency, honesty focuses specifically on truthfulness in communications :

  • Avoiding misleading claims or exaggerations about products and services
  • Not manipulating statistics or research findings to support marketing narratives
  • Representing products accurately in advertisements and marketing materials
  • Acknowledging mistakes and taking responsibility when things go wrong

  Social responsibility

  Ethical marketing requires consideration of a brand’s impact on society as a whole :

  • Considering environmental impacts of marketing campaigns and business practices
  • Promoting diversity and inclusion in marketing representations
  • Supporting social causes authentically rather than through “purpose-washing”
  • Ensuring marketing activities don’t promote harmful stereotypes or behaviours

  Ethical marketing dilemmas : Navigating complex business decisions

  Data privacy concerns

  The digital marketing landscape has been transformed by increasing awareness of data privacy issues and stricter regulations like GDPR, CCPA, and upcoming legislation. Key challenges include :

  • The phase-out of third-party cookies, impacting targeting and measurement
  • Growing consumer resistance to invasive tracking technologies
  • Balancing personalisation with privacy (71% of consumers expect personalised experiences, yet demand privacy)
  • Ensuring compliance across different jurisdictional requirements

  Cultural sensitivity

  Global brands must navigate complex cultural landscapes :

  • Avoiding cultural appropriation in marketing campaigns
  • Understanding varied cultural expectations around privacy
  • Respecting local customs and values in international marketing
  • Adapting messaging appropriately for diverse audiences

  Environmental sustainability

  The environmental impact of marketing activities is under increasing scrutiny :

  • Digital carbon footprints from ad serving and website hosting
  • Waste generated from physical marketing materials
  • Promoting sustainable products honestly without greenwashing
  • Aligning marketing messages with actual business practices

  The benefits of ethical marketing

  For years, digital marketing has relied on third-party data collection and broad-scale tracking. However, new regulations such as GDPR, CCPA, and the end of third-party cookies are pushing brands to adopt ethical data practices.

  Increased customer loyalty

  Ethical marketing fosters deeper relationships with customers by building trust. Research consistently shows that consumers are more loyal to brands they trust, with 71% indicating they would stop buying from a brand if trust is broken.

  These trust-based relationships are more resilient during business challenges. When customers believe in a company’s integrity, they’re more likely to give the benefit of the doubt during controversies or service issues. They’re also more likely to provide constructive feedback rather than simply leaving for competitors.

  Perhaps most importantly, loyal customers become advocates, sharing positive experiences with others and defending the brand against criticism. This organic advocacy is far more powerful than paid promotions and reduces customer acquisition costs significantly over time.

  Enhanced brand reputation

  A strong ethical stance improves overall brand perception across multiple dimensions. Media outlets are increasingly focused on corporate behaviour, providing positive coverage for ethical practices that extends a brand’s reach organically.

  Social conversations about ethical brands tend to be more positive, with consumers sharing experiences and values rather than just discussing products. This creates a halo effect that benefits all aspects of the business.

  This enhanced reputation also provides resilience during public relations challenges. Organisations with strong ethical foundations find it easier to navigate controversies because they’ve built a reservoir of goodwill with customers, employees, and other stakeholders.

  Competitive advantage

  Ethical marketing provides several distinct competitive advantages in modern markets. It helps brands access privacy-conscious consumer segments that actively avoid companies with questionable data practices. These segments often include higher-income, educated consumers who are valuable long-term customers.

  Ethical approaches also reduce vulnerability to regulatory changes and potential penalties. As privacy laws continue to evolve globally, organisations with strong ethical foundations find compliance easier and less disruptive than those scrambling to meet minimum requirements.

  Perhaps most significantly, ethical marketing supports more sustainable growth trajectories. While manipulative tactics might drive short-term results, they typically lead to higher churn rates and increasing acquisition costs. Ethical approaches build foundations for long-term success and stable growth.

  For a detailed roadmap, download the Ethical Marketing Guide.

  Case studies : Ethical marketing in action

  Patagonia : Purpose-driven marketing

  Patagonia integrates sustainability into its marketing, reinforcing its commitment to ethical business practices. By aligning with social causes, the brand strengthens customer loyalty.

  Apple : Privacy as a competitive advantage

  Apple positions itself as a leader in consumer privacy, ensuring data protection remains central to its marketing strategy. This commitment has become a key differentiator in the tech industry.

  Matomo : The ethical analytics tool

  Matomo offers privacy-first analytics that prioritise data ownership and compliance. Businesses using Matomo benefit from accurate insights while respecting user privacy.

  These companies demonstrate that ethical marketing is not just a compliance requirement—it is a long-term competitive advantage.

  Strategies for implementing ethical marketing

  Aligning marketing efforts with brand values

  Consistency between values and actions is essential for ethical marketing. This alignment starts with a clear understanding of what your organisation truly stands for—not just aspirational statements, but genuine commitments that inform daily decisions.

  Implementing this alignment requires cross-functional collaboration. Marketing teams need to work closely with product development, customer service, and leadership to ensure consistency across all touchpoints. When different departments send contradictory messages about company values, trust erodes quickly.

  Clear guidelines help marketing teams apply values in practical decisions, from campaign concepts to media placements. Regular ethical reviews of marketing plans can identify potential issues before campaigns launch, avoiding reactive corrections that damage credibility.

  Privacy-first data strategies

  Developing robust approaches to customer data is fundamental to ethical marketing. This starts with prioritising first-party data (collected directly from your own channels) and zero-party data (actively shared by customers through preference centres, surveys, and similar mechanisms).

  Measuring success doesn’t have to come at the expense of privacy. Ethical analytics provide accurate insights while protecting user data, ensuring compliance, and enhancing customer trust.

  Ethical personalisation approaches focus on using aggregated or anonymised data rather than individual tracking. This allows for relevant experiences without the invasive feeling that erodes trust when consumers feel watched across the internet.

  Most importantly, ethical data strategies create transparent value exchanges where users clearly understand what benefits they receive in return for sharing information. This reciprocity transforms data collection from exploitation to fair exchange.

  Measuring success ethically

  Traditional marketing measurement often relies on individual-level tracking across sites and platforms. Ethical approaches require adapting these frameworks to respect privacy while still demonstrating impact.

  Focusing on aggregate patterns rather than individual behaviour provides valuable insights without privacy invasions. For example, understanding that 30% of visitors to a specific page subsequently make purchases is actionable intelligence that doesn’t require tracking specific people.

  Incrementality testing measures campaign impact by comparing outcomes between exposed and control groups at an aggregate level. This provides more accurate attribution than traditional last-click models while respecting privacy boundaries.

  Server-side conversion tracking offers another ethical measurement approach, collecting necessary data on your servers rather than through client-side scripts vulnerable to blocking. This improves data accuracy while reducing reliance on cookies and browser storage.

  Implementing ethical marketing strategies : A practical framework

  1. Align marketing with brand values – Ensure campaigns reflect transparency and trust

  2. Leverage first-party data – Collect insights directly from consumers with clear consent

  3. Respect privacy and consent – Give users control over their data and clearly communicate its use

  4. Create value-driven content – Offer educational and relevant resources instead of relying solely on advertising

  5. Use privacy-compliant analytics – Switch to ethical platforms such as Matomo for responsible performance measurement

  For a step-by-step guide to implementing ethical marketing strategies, download the full report here.

  

  The future of ethical marketing

  With the decline of third-party cookies and the rise of privacy regulations, ethical marketing is no longer optional. Brands that adopt privacy-first practices now will gain a sustainable competitive edge in the long term. The future of marketing belongs to brands that earn consumer trust, not those that exploit it.

  Key trends shaping the future of marketing include :

  • Privacy-first analytics to replace invasive tracking
  • First-party and zero-party data strategies for direct consumer engagement
  • Consent-driven personalisation to balance relevance and privacy
  • Greater emphasis on corporate social responsibility in marketing initiatives

  Companies that proactively address these changes will build stronger customer relationships, enhance brand reputation, and ensure long-term success.

  Take the next step

  Ready to transform your marketing approach for 2025 and beyond ?

  Download Matomo’s comprehensive “2025 Ethical Marketing Field Guide” to get practical frameworks, implementation strategies, and real-world case studies that will help you build trust while driving growth.

  With detailed guidance on first-party data activation, consent-based personalisation techniques, and privacy-preserving analytics methods, this guide provides everything you need to future-proof your marketing strategy in a privacy-first world.

  

  Download the ethical marketing guide now to start building stronger, more trusted relationships with your customers through ethical marketing practices.