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• MKV video playback shows a black picture and audio plays good

  24 mars 2023, par gbriones.gdl

  I have an MKV video file that has something wrong, every time I start my player, the video shows full black picture and the audio starts playing good, if I use the seek bar to position the playback anywhere in the time, then the video shows correct picture but audio stops playing, eventually (it takes several seconds) audio starts playing again in sync with video.

  


  The player I am using is the one in Kodi 20.1.0, I have tried enabling/disabling HW acceleration without success.

  


  I also tried VLC 3.0.16, which has a simmilar behavior with the exception that video starts showing from the very begining when opening the file, just when seeking the audio stops for several seconds.

  


  I also tried using ffmpeg to reencode the video with different codecs without success, I have tried multiple video and audio codec combinations, and also tried changing the pixel format.

  


  Then eventually I managed to fix the video by extracting streams into separate files, then merge them again, without reencoding, I thought that maybe something could be wrong with the metadata of the video, so I copied the same metadata and final output file still works fine. My question is how can I fix my video without having to split and merge streams ?

  


  Here is the info about my input file :

  


  $ ffmpeg -i S01E08.mkv 
ffmpeg version 4.4.2-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 11 (Ubuntu 11.2.0-19ubuntu1)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.22.04.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --arch=amd64 --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libdav1d --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libjack --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librabbitmq --enable-librubberband --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzimg --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-lv2 --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opencl --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-pocketsphinx --enable-librsvg --enable-libmfx --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  libavutil      56. 70.100 / 56. 70.100
  libavcodec     58.134.100 / 58.134.100
  libavformat    58. 76.100 / 58. 76.100
  libavdevice    58. 13.100 / 58. 13.100
  libavfilter     7.110.100 /  7.110.100
  libswscale      5.  9.100 /  5.  9.100
  libswresample   3.  9.100 /  3.  9.100
  libpostproc    55.  9.100 / 55.  9.100
Input #0, matroska,webm, from 'S01E08.mkv':
  Metadata:
    ENCODER         : Lavf59.27.100
  Duration: 00:25:02.21, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1382 kb/s
  Stream #0:0: Video: hevc (Main 10), yuv420p10le(tv, bt470bg/unknown/unknown, progressive), 1280x960, 59.94 fps, 59.94 tbr, 1k tbn, 59.94 tbc
    Metadata:
      ENCODER         : Lavc59.37.100 libx265
      DURATION        : 00:25:00.032000000
  Stream #0:1(spa): Audio: aac (HE-AAC), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp (default)
    Metadata:
      title           : Stereo
      DURATION        : 00:25:02.207000000
  Stream #0:2(jpn): Audio: aac (HE-AAC), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp
    Metadata:
      title           : Stereo
      DURATION        : 00:25:00.116000000
  Stream #0:3(spa): Subtitle: ass
    Metadata:
      ENCODER         : Lavc59.37.100 ssa
      DURATION        : 00:24:56.585000000
At least one output file must be specified


  


  Here are the steps I followed to fix the video, I had to use mkv format for the outputs because other formats were no good at writing metadata :

  


  ffmpeg -i S01E08.mkv -map 0:v:0 -c:v copy -map_metadata 0 video.mkv
ffmpeg -i S01E08.mkv -map 0:a:0 -c:a copy -map_metadata 0 audio1.mkv
ffmpeg -i S01E08.mkv -map 0:a:1 -c:a copy -map_metadata 0 audio2.mkv
ffmpeg -i S01E08.mkv -map 0:s -c:s copy -map_metadata 0 subs.mkv
ffmpeg -i video.mkv -i audio1.mkv -i audio2.mkv -i subs.mkv -map 0:v -map 1:a -map 2:a -map 3:s -c:v copy -c:a copy -c:s copy -map_metadata 0 -map_metadata 1 -map_metadata 2 -map_metadata 3 -disposition:s:0 0 -default_mode infer_no_subs video_audio.mkv


  


  I had to compare both input and output files :

  


  $ ffmpeg -i video_audio.mkv
ffmpeg version 4.4.2-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 Copyright (c) 2000-2021 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 11 (Ubuntu 11.2.0-19ubuntu1)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr --extra-version=0ubuntu0.22.04.1 --toolchain=hardened --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --incdir=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu --arch=amd64 --enable-gpl --disable-stripping --enable-gnutls --enable-ladspa --enable-libaom --enable-libass --enable-libbluray --enable-libbs2b --enable-libcaca --enable-libcdio --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libdav1d --enable-libflite --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libgme --enable-libgsm --enable-libjack --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libmysofa --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-librabbitmq --enable-librubberband --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libspeex --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libwebp --enable-libx265 --enable-libxml2 --enable-libxvid --enable-libzimg --enable-libzmq --enable-libzvbi --enable-lv2 --enable-omx --enable-openal --enable-opencl --enable-opengl --enable-sdl2 --enable-pocketsphinx --enable-librsvg --enable-libmfx --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libdrm --enable-libiec61883 --enable-chromaprint --enable-frei0r --enable-libx264 --enable-shared
  libavutil      56. 70.100 / 56. 70.100
  libavcodec     58.134.100 / 58.134.100
  libavformat    58. 76.100 / 58. 76.100
  libavdevice    58. 13.100 / 58. 13.100
  libavfilter     7.110.100 /  7.110.100
  libswscale      5.  9.100 /  5.  9.100
  libswresample   3.  9.100 /  3.  9.100
  libpostproc    55.  9.100 / 55.  9.100
Input #0, matroska,webm, from 'video_audio.mkv':
  Metadata:
    ENCODER         : Lavf58.76.100
  Duration: 00:25:02.21, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 1382 kb/s
  Stream #0:0: Video: hevc (Main 10), yuv420p10le(tv, bt470bg/unknown/unknown, progressive), 1280x960, 59.94 fps, 59.94 tbr, 1k tbn, 59.94 tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      ENCODER         : Lavc59.37.100 libx265
      DURATION        : 00:25:00.031000000
  Stream #0:1(spa): Audio: aac (HE-AAC), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp (default)
    Metadata:
      title           : Stereo
      DURATION        : 00:25:02.207000000
  Stream #0:2(jpn): Audio: aac (HE-AAC), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp
    Metadata:
      title           : Stereo
      DURATION        : 00:25:00.116000000
  Stream #0:3(spa): Subtitle: ass
    Metadata:
      ENCODER         : Lavc59.37.100 ssa
      DURATION        : 00:24:56.585000000
At least one output file must be specified

$ ffprobe -show_streams S01E08.mkv > probe_bad.txt
$ ffprobe -show_streams video_audio.mkv > probe_good.txt
$ diff probe_bad.txt probe_good.txt 
32,33c32,33
< duration_ts=1502207
< duration=1502.207000
---
> duration_ts=N/A
> duration=N/A
40c40
< DISPOSITION:default=0
---
> DISPOSITION:default=1
53c53
< TAG:DURATION=00:25:00.032000000
---
> TAG:DURATION=00:25:00.031000000


  


  Then I thought that maybe the disposition flag in the video stream was causing the error, so I ran ffmpeg to copy all streams from my input video S01E08.mkv and added the disposition flag with the following command :

  


  ffmpeg -i S01E08.mkv -map 0:v -map 0:a:0 -map 0:a:1 -map 0:s -c:v copy -c:a copy -c:s copy -map_metadata 0 -disposition:v:0 default -disposition:s:0 0 -default_mode infer_no_subs test.mkv


  


  Still no luck, test.mkv shows no video when opening the file, I had to double check that disposition flag was changed :

  


  $ ffprobe -show_streams test.mkv > probe_bad2.txt
$ diff probe_bad.txt probe_bad2.txt 
40c40
< DISPOSITION:default=0
---
> DISPOSITION:default=1
53c53
< TAG:DURATION=00:25:00.032000000
---
> TAG:DURATION=00:25:00.031000000


  


  In other words I have to focibly split and merge to make the file work correctly. May be I need to set the duration and duration_ts of the video stream to N/A but I don't know how to do this.

  


• Meta Receives a Record GDPR Fine from The Irish Data Protection Commission

  29 mai 2023, par Erin — GDPR

  The Irish Data Protection Commission (the DPC) issued a €1.2 billion fine to Meta on May, 22nd 2023 for violating the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). 

  The regulator ruled that Meta was unlawfully transferring European users’ data to its US-based servers and taking no sufficient measures for ensuring users’ privacy. 

  Meta must now suspend data transfer within five months and delete EU/EEA users’ personal data that was illegally transferred across the border. Or they risk facing another round of repercussions. 

  Meta continued to transfer personal user data to the USA following an earlier ruling of The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), which already address problematic EU-U.S. data flows. Meta continued those transfers on the basis of the updated Standard Contractual Clauses (“SCCs”), adopted by the European Commission in 2021. 

  The Irish regulator successfully proved that these arrangements had not sufficiently addressed the “fundamental rights and freedoms” of the European data subjects, outlined in the CJEU ruling. Meta was not doing enough to protect EU users’ data against possible surveillance and unconsented usage by US authorities or other authorised entities.

  Why European Regulators Are After The US Big Tech Firms ? 

  GDPR regulations have been a sore area of compliance for US-based big tech companies. 

  Effectively, they had to adopt a host of new measures for collecting user consent, ensuring compliant data storage and the right to request data removal for a substantial part of their user bases. 

  The wrinkle, however, is that companies like Google and Meta among others, don’t have separate data processing infrastructure for different markets. Instead, all the user data gets commingled on the companies’ servers, which are located in the US. 

  Data storage facilities’ location is an issue. In 2020, the CJEU made a historical ruling, called the invalidation of the Privacy Shield. Originally, international companies were allowed to transfer data between the EU and the US if they adhered to seven data protection principles. This arrangement was called the Privacy Shield. 

  However, the continuous investigation found that the Privacy Shield scheme was not GDPR compliant and therefore companies could no longer use it to justify cross-border data transfers.

  The invalidation of the Privacy Shield gave ground for further investigations of the big tech companies’ compliance statuses. 

  In March 2022, the Irish DPC issued the first €17 million fine to Meta for “insufficient technical and organisational measures to ensure information security of European users”. In September 2022, Meta was again hit with a €405 million fine for Instagram breaching GDPR principles. 

  2023 began with another series of rulings, with the DPC concluding that Meta had breaches of the GDPR relating to its Facebook service (€210 million fine) and breaches related to Instagram (€180 million fine). 

  Clearly, Meta already knew they weren’t doing enough for GDPR compliance and yet they refused to take privacy-focused action. 

  Is Google GDPR Compliant ?

  Google has a similar “track record” as Meta when it comes to ensuring full compliance with the GDPR. Although Google has said to provide users with more controls for managing their data privacy, the proposed solutions are just scratching the surface. 

  In the background, Google continues to leverage its ample reserves of user browsing, behavioural and device data in product development and advertising. 

  In 2022, the Irish Council for Civil Liberties (ICCL) found that Google used web users’ information in its real-time bidding ad system without their knowledge or consent. The French data regulator (CNIL), in turn, fined Google for €150 million because of poor cookie consent banners the same year. 

  Google Analytics GDPR compliance status is, however, the bigger concern.

  Neither Google Univeral Analytics (UA) nor Google Analytics 4 are GDPR compliant, following the Privacy Shield framework invalidation in 2020. 

  Fines from individual regulators in Sweden, France, Austria, Italy, Denmark, Finland and Norway ruled that Google Analytics is non-GDPR compliant and is therefore illegal to use. 

  The regulatory rulings not just affect Google, but also GA users. Because the product is in breach of European privacy laws, people using it are complacent. Privacy groups like noyb, for example, are exercising their right to sue individual websites, using Google Analytics.

  How to Stay GDPR Compliant With Website Analytics 

  To avoid any potential risk exposure, selectively investigate each website analytics provider’s data storage and management practices. 

  Inquire about the company’s data storage locations among the first things. For example, Matomo Cloud keeps all the data in the EU, while Matomo On-Premise edition gives you the option to store data in any country of your choice. 

  Secondly, ask about their process for consent tracking and subsequent data analysis. Our website analytics product is fully GDPR compliant as we have first-party cookies enabled by default, offer a convenient option of tracking out-outs, provide a data removal mechanism and practice safe data storage. In fact, Matomo was approved by the French Data Protection Authority (CNIL) as one of the few web analytics apps that can be used to collect data without tracking consent. 

  Using an in-built GDPR Manager, Matomo users can implement the right set of controls for their market and their industry. For example, you can implement extra data or IP anonymization ; disable visitor logs and profiles. 

  Thanks to our privacy-by-design architecture and native controls, users can make their Matomo analytics compliant even with the strictest privacy laws like HIPAA, CCPA, LGPD and PECR. 

  Learn more about GDPR-friendly website analytics.

  Final Thoughts

  Since the GDPR came into effect in 2018, over 1,400 fines have been given to various companies in breach of the regulations. Meta and Google have been initially lax in response to European regulatory demands. But as new fines follow and the consumer pressure mounts, Big Tech companies are forced to take more proactive measures : add opt-outs for personalised ads and introduce an alternative mechanism to third-party cookies. 

  Companies, using non-GDPR-compliant tools risk finding themselves in the crossfire of consumer angst and regulatory criticism. To operate an ethical, compliant business consider privacy-focused alternatives to Google products, especially in the area of website analytics. 

• How to install ffmpeg

  8 octobre 2017, par user5913892

  I want to make a "mini" editor video. My goal is, cut some part of the video and then save it and also create an undo button. Now , I was looking for the best solution (This operation have to be done in a website) and I found that I have to use ffmpeg. I didn’t know if ffmpeg was already installed on my server and I use this php script to discover it :

  <?php
  
  
  
  /**
  
   * Test script for FFmpeg
  
   *
  
   * @author Andycoder /wdevblog.net.ru/>
  
   */
  
  
  
  ini_set('display_errors',1);
  
  error_reporting(E_ALL);
  
  
  
  $is_windows = strpos( php_uname(), "Windows" ) !== false;
  
  $ffmpeg_path = !empty( $_POST['ffmpeg_path'] ) && strpos( $_POST['ffmpeg_path'], 'ffmpeg' ) !== false ? trim( $_POST['ffmpeg_path'] ) : '';
  
  if( !$ffmpeg_path && !$is_windows ){
  
      $ffmpeg_path = trim( shell_exec( 'which ffmpeg' ) );
  
  }
  
  
  
  function getCodecs( $ffmpeg_path = '' ) {
  
  
  
      $lines = array();
  
      $encoders = array();
  
      exec( "{$ffmpeg_path} -codecs", $lines);
  
  
  
      foreach ($lines as $line) {
  
  
  
          if (preg_match('/^\s+([A-Z .]+)\s+(\w{2,})\s+(.*)$/', $line, $m)) {
  
              $type = trim($m[1]);
  
              if (strpos($type, 'E') !== false) {
  
                  $encoder = trim($m[2]);
  
                  if (strpos($encoder, ',') !== false) {
  
                      foreach (split(',', $encoder) as $e) {
  
                          $encoders[] = $e;
  
                      }
  
                  } else {
  
                      $encoders[] = $encoder;
  
                  }
  
              }
  
          }
  
      }
  
      sort($encoders);
  
  
  
      return $encoders;
  
  }
  
  
  
  function getPHPPath(){
  
  
  
      $is_windows = strpos( strtolower(php_uname()), 'windows' ) !== false;
  
  
  
      if( $is_windows ){
  
          $output = dirname(ini_get('extension_dir')) . "/php.exe";
  
      }else{
  
          $output = trim(shell_exec("which php"));
  
      }
  
  
  
      return $output;
  
  }
  
  
  
  $info = array();
  
  
  
  $info['php_version'] = array( 'name' => 'PHP version', 'value' => phpversion() );
  
  $info['php_path'] = array( 'name' => 'PHP path', 'value' =>  getPHPPath() );
  
  $info['web_server'] = array( 'name' => 'Web server', 'value' => $_SERVER['SERVER_SOFTWARE'] );
  
  $info['ffmpeg_path'] = array( 'name' => 'FFMPEG path', 'value' =>  $ffmpeg_path );
  
  
  
  $info['ffmpeg_version'] = array( 'name' => 'FFMPEG version', 'value' => '' );
  
  if( $ffmpeg_path ){
  
      $ffmpeg_ver = shell_exec( "{$ffmpeg_path} -version" );
  
      preg_match( '/.+version.+/', $ffmpeg_ver, $matches );
  
      if( !empty( $matches ) ){
  
          $info['ffmpeg_version']['value'] = $matches[0];
  
      }
  
  }
  
  $info['yamdi_path'] = array( 'name' => 'Yamdi path', 'value' => !$is_windows ? trim(shell_exec('which yamdi')) : '' );
  
  $info['mp4box_path'] = array( 'name' => 'MP4Box (GPAC) path', 'value' => !$is_windows ? trim(shell_exec('which MP4Box')) : '' );
  
  $info['qtfaststart_path'] = array( 'name' => 'qt-faststart path', 'value' => !$is_windows ? trim(shell_exec('which qt-faststart')) : '' );
  
  $info['flvtool2_path'] = array( 'name' => 'flvtool2 path', 'value' => !$is_windows ? trim(shell_exec('which flvtool2')) : '' );
  
  
  
  $info['ffmpeg_codecs'] = array( 'name' => 'FFMPEG codecs', 'value' => array() );
  
  if( $ffmpeg_path ) {
  
      $info['ffmpeg_codecs']['value'] = getCodecs( $ffmpeg_path );
  
  }
  
  
  
  if( empty( $info['ffmpeg_codecs']['value'] ) ){
  
      $info['ffmpeg_path']['value'] = '';
  
  }
  
  
  
  ksort($info);
  
  
  
  ?>
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
      
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  <code class="echappe-js">&lt;script type=&quot;text/javascript&quot;&gt;<br />
  
      function expandCollapse( id ){<br />
  
          if( document.getElementById(id).style.display == 'none' ){<br />
  
              document.getElementById(id).style.display = 'block';<br />
  
          }else{<br />
  
              document.getElementById(id).style.display = 'none';<br />
  
          }<br />
  
      }<br />
  
  &lt;/script&gt;
  
      
  
          
              FFmpeg path :
              
          
          Submit
      
      
  
  
          < ?php foreach( $info as $key => $opt ) : ?>
          < ?php endforeach ; ?>
  
      
          
          
      
      
  
          
  
              
  Property
              
  Value
          
      
  
  
  
              
  < ?php echo $opt[’name’] ; ?> :
              
  
                  < ?php if( !empty( $opt[’value’] ) ) : ?>
                      < ?php
  
                      if( !is_array( $opt[’value’] ) ) :
  
                          echo $opt[’value’] ;
  
                      else : ?>
                          [Expand/Collapse]
  
                          < ?php foreach( $opt[’value’] as $val ) : ?>
  < ?php echo $val ; ?>
                          < ?php endforeach ; ?>
  
                      < ?php endif ; ?>
                  < ?php else : ?>
  
                      [Not found]
  
                  < ?php endif ; ?>
  
          
  
  
  
  

  that return me this :

  

  So, I have not ffmpeg installed on that server. The server should be Linux, I say this because I use one of the many website in Internet to discover it.
  

  I know that the website say that the Webserver is Engine-x, but my company has told that is Apache (as the php script already told me). Now , I found this link http://www.mysql-apache-php.com/ffmpeg-install.htm (in Stackoverflow and many other parts) that say how to install ffmpeg in Linux, but Where should I execute these commands ? Should I use Putty ? or What ?