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26 septembre 2011, par
Mis à jour : Avril 2013
Langue : English
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Autres articles (112)
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Personnaliser en ajoutant son logo, sa bannière ou son image de fond
5 septembre 2013, parCertains thèmes prennent en compte trois éléments de personnalisation : l’ajout d’un logo ; l’ajout d’une bannière l’ajout d’une image de fond ;
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Script d’installation automatique de MediaSPIP
25 avril 2011, parAfin de palier aux difficultés d’installation dues principalement aux dépendances logicielles coté serveur, un script d’installation "tout en un" en bash a été créé afin de faciliter cette étape sur un serveur doté d’une distribution Linux compatible.
Vous devez bénéficier d’un accès SSH à votre serveur et d’un compte "root" afin de l’utiliser, ce qui permettra d’installer les dépendances. Contactez votre hébergeur si vous ne disposez pas de cela.
La documentation de l’utilisation du script d’installation (...) -
Ajouter des informations spécifiques aux utilisateurs et autres modifications de comportement liées aux auteurs
12 avril 2011, parLa manière la plus simple d’ajouter des informations aux auteurs est d’installer le plugin Inscription3. Il permet également de modifier certains comportements liés aux utilisateurs (référez-vous à sa documentation pour plus d’informations).
Il est également possible d’ajouter des champs aux auteurs en installant les plugins champs extras 2 et Interface pour champs extras.
Sur d’autres sites (10067)
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exe file not executing from deployed ASP.NET MVC app in TAS (Tanzu /PCF)
24 juin, par Darshan AdakaneI am facing an issue for my ASP.NET MVC web application on .NET 4 being deployed to TAS.


I am trying to do image compression using
ffmpeg.exe.

While it is working on my local machine, I get an "500 internal server error" when deployed to TAS (tanzu application server). I am using
hwc_buildpackand storing the file inPath.GetTemp()folder for testing.

applications:
- name: MyApp-Dev
 memory: 1G
 instances: 1
 stack: windows
 buildpacks:
 - hwc_buildpack
 path: \MyAppnew\obj\Release\Package\PackageTmp
 env:
 services:
 routes:
 - route: myapp-dev.apps.company.com
 - route: myapp-dev.company.com


I also see that the
.exeis being published when app I deployed. I am assuming if TAS has NO permission to read exe or read exe 'not allowed' policy.

This is my code :


[HttpPost]
[Route("uploadimage")]
public async Task<ihttpactionresult> UploadImage()
{
 try
 {
 if (!Request.Content.IsMimeMultipartContent())
 return BadRequest("Unsupported media type.");

 Console.WriteLine("UploadImage method started.");

 var provider = new MultipartMemoryStreamProvider();
 await Request.Content.ReadAsMultipartAsync(provider);

 Console.WriteLine($"Total Files available: {provider.Contents.Count}, {provider.Contents}");

 foreach (var file in provider.Contents)
 {
 try
 {
 var imageFile = await file.ReadAsByteArrayAsync();
 Console.WriteLine($"imageFile, { imageFile.Length }");
 var rawFileName = file.Headers.ContentDisposition.FileName.Trim('"');
 Console.WriteLine($"rawFileName, {rawFileName}");
 var fileName = Path.GetFileName(rawFileName); // Sanitize filename
 Console.WriteLine($"fileName, {fileName}");

 // Check file size limit (300MB)
 if (imageFile.Length > 300 * 1024 * 1024) // 300MB limit
 {
 Console.WriteLine("File size exceeds 300MB limit.");
 return BadRequest("File size exceeds 300MB limit.");
 }

 var inputFilePath = Path.Combine(_uploadFolder, fileName);
 Console.WriteLine($"inputFilePath, {inputFilePath}");

 var outputFilePath = Path.Combine(_uploadFolder, "compressed_" + fileName);
 Console.WriteLine($"outputFilePath, {outputFilePath}");

 // Save uploaded file to disk
 File.WriteAllBytes(inputFilePath, imageFile);

 // Check if the input file exists
 if (!File.Exists(inputFilePath))
 {
 Console.WriteLine($"Input file does not exist: {inputFilePath}");
 return InternalServerError(new Exception($"❌ Input file does not exist: {inputFilePath}"));
 }

 //Console.WriteLine($"✅ FFmpeg found at path: {ffmpegFullPath}");

 await FFMpegArguments
 .FromFileInput(inputFilePath)
 .OutputToFile(outputFilePath, overwrite: true, options => options
 .WithCustomArgument("-vf scale=800:-1")
 .WithCustomArgument("-q:v 10")
 )
 .ProcessAsynchronously();

 Console.WriteLine($"outputFilePath, {outputFilePath}");

 // Check if the output file was created
 if (File.Exists(outputFilePath))
 {
 var fileInfo = new FileInfo(outputFilePath); // Get file info

 Console.WriteLine($"outputFileInfoPropsFullName, {fileInfo.FullName}");
 Console.WriteLine($"outputFileInfoPropsLength, {fileInfo.Length}");

 var compressedFileBytes = File.ReadAllBytes(outputFilePath);
 var compressedFileBase64 = Convert.ToBase64String(compressedFileBytes);

 return Ok(new
 {
 Message = "Image uploaded and compressed successfully.",
 CompressedImagePath = outputFilePath,
 CompressedFileSize = fileInfo.Length, // Size in bytes
 CompressedFileBase64 = compressedFileBase64
 });
 }
 else
 {
 Console.WriteLine("OutputFilePath File not exists.");
 return InternalServerError(new Exception($"❌ Failed to create compressed file: {outputFilePath}"));
 });
 }
 catch (Exception ex)
 {
 Console.WriteLine($"File TRYCATCH:{ex}");
 return InternalServerError(new Exception("Image compression failed: " + ex.Message));
 }
 }
 }
 catch (Exception ex)
 {
 Console.WriteLine($"Method TRYCATCH:{ex}");
 throw;
 }

 return BadRequest("No image file uploaded.");
}
</ihttpactionresult>

I'm getting this error in my tanzu environment logs from the code when I execute :


await FFMpegArguments


This is the exception log :


FFMpegCore.Exceptions.FFMpegException: ffmpeg was not found on your system


I also see that the
.exefiles do exist in TAS in these logs :

2025-06-13T16:07:55.878+05:30 [APP/PROC/WEB/0] [OUT] PATH of FFmpeg Executable: C:\Users\vcap\app\ffmpeg-bin\ffmpeg.exe
2025-06-13T16:07:55.878+05:30 [APP/PROC/WEB/0] [OUT] PATH of ffmpegPath: C:\Users\vcap\app\ffmpeg-bin
2025-06-13T16:07:55.878+05:30 [APP/PROC/WEB/0] [OUT] PATH of BaseDirectory: C:\Users\vcap\app\
2025-06-13T16:07:55.881+05:30 [APP/PROC/WEB/0] [OUT] TempPath: C:\Users\vcap\AppData\Local\Temp\ 
 2025-06-24T18:39:50.684+05:30 [APP/PROC/WEB/0] [OUT] at MCANew.Controllers.Api.MessagesController.<uploadimage>d__6.MoveNext() in I:\Agents\Agent-Win-B\_work\3033\s\MCANew\Controllers\Api\MessagesController.cs:line 133
2025-06-24T18:39:50.684+05:30 [APP/PROC/WEB/0] [OUT] at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
2025-06-24T18:39:50.684+05:30 [APP/PROC/WEB/0] [OUT] --- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
2025-06-24T18:39:50.684+05:30 [APP/PROC/WEB/0] [OUT] at FFMpegCore.FFMpegArgumentProcessor.<processasynchronously>d__24.MoveNext()
2025-06-24T18:39:50.684+05:30 [APP/PROC/WEB/0] [OUT] at FFMpegCore.FFMpegArgumentProcessor.PrepareProcessArguments(FFOptions ffOptions, CancellationTokenSource& cancellationTokenSource)
2025-06-24T18:39:50.684+05:30 [APP/PROC/WEB/0] [OUT] at FFMpegCore.Helpers.FFMpegHelper.VerifyFFMpegExists(FFOptions ffMpegOptions)
2025-06-24T18:39:50.684+05:30 [APP/PROC/WEB/0] [OUT] File TRYCATCH:FFMpegCore.Exceptions.FFMpegException: ffmpeg was not found on your system
</processasynchronously></uploadimage>

My objective is to run successfully exe on TAS and image compression to happen.


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Reverse Engineering Clue Chronicles Compression
15 janvier 2019, par Multimedia Mike — Game HackingMy last post described my exploration into the 1999 computer game Clue Chronicles : Fatal Illusion. Some readers expressed interest in the details so I thought I would post a bit more about how I have investigated and what I have learned.
It’s frustrating to need to reverse engineer a compression algorithm that is only applied to a total of 8 files (out of a total set of 140), but here we are. Still, I’m glad some others expressed interest in this challenge as it motivated me to author this post, which in turn prompted me to test and challenge some of my assumptions.
Spoiler : Commenter ‘m’ gave me the clue I needed : PKWare Data Compression Library used the implode algorithm rather than deflate. I was able to run this .ini data through an open source explode algorithm found in libmpq and got the correct data out.
Files To Study
I uploaded a selection of files for others to study, should they feel so inclined. These include the main game binary (if anyone has ideas about how to isolate the decompression algorithm from the deadlisting) ; compressed and uncompressed examples from 2 files (newspaper.ini and Drink.ini) ; and the compressed version of Clue.ini, which I suspect is the root of the game’s script.The Story So Far
This ad-hoc scripting language found in the Clue Chronicles game is driven by a series of .ini files that are available in both compressed and uncompressed forms, save for a handful of them which only come in compressed flavor. I have figured out a few obvious details of the compressed file format :bytes 0-3 "COMP" bytes 4-11 unknown bytes 12-15 size of uncompressed data bytes 16-19 size of compressed data (filesize - 20 bytes) bytes 20- compressed payload
The average compression ratio is on the same order as what could be achieved by running ‘gzip’ against the uncompressed files and using one of the lower number settings (i.e., favor speed vs. compression size, e.g., ‘gzip -2’ or ‘gzip -3’). Since the zlib/DEFLATE algorithm is quite widespread on every known computing platform, I thought that this would be a good candidate to test.
Exploration
My thinking was that I could load the bytes in the compressed ini file and feed it into Python’s zlib library, sliding through the first 100 bytes to see if any of them “catch” on the zlib decompression algorithm.Here is the exploration script :
<script src="https://gist.github.com/multimediamike/c95f1a9cc58b959f4d8b2a299927d35e.js"></script>It didn’t work, i.e., the script did not find any valid zlib data. A commentor on my last post suggested trying bzip2, so I tried the same script but with the bzip2 decompressor library. Still no luck.
Wrong Approach
I realized I had not tested to make sure that this exploratory script would work on known zlib data. So I ran it on a .gz file and it failed to find zlib data. So it looks like my assumptions were wrong. Meanwhile, I can instruct Python to compress data with zlib and dump the data to a file, and then run the script against that raw zlib output and the script recognizes the data.I spent some time examining how zlib and gzip interact at the format level. It looks like the zlib data doesn’t actually begin on byte boundaries within a gzip container. So this approach was doomed to failure.
A Closer Look At The Executable
Installation of Clue Chronicles results in a main Windows executable named Fatal_Illusion.exe. It occurred to me to examine this again, specifically for references to something like zlib.dll. Nothing like that. However, a search for ‘compr’ shows various error messages which imply that there is PNG-related code inside (referencing IHDR and zTXt data types), even though PNG files are not present in the game’s asset mix.But there are also strings like “PKWARE Data Compression Library for Win32”. So I have started going down the rabbit hole of determining whether the compression is part of a ZIP format file. After all, a ZIP local file header data structure has 4-byte compressed and uncompressed sizes, as seen in this format.
Binary Reverse Engineering
At one point, I took the approach of attempting to reverse engineer the binary. When studying a deadlisting of the code, it’s easy to search for the string “COMP” and find some code that cares about these compressed files. Unfortunately, the code quickly follows an indirect jump instruction which makes it intractable to track the algorithm from a simple deadlisting.I also tried installing some old Microsoft dev tools on my old Windows XP box and setting some breakpoints while the game was running and do some old-fashioned step debugging. That was a total non-starter. According to my notes :
Address 0x004A3C32 is the setup to the strncmp(“COMP”, ini_data, 4) function call. Start there.
Problem : The game forces 640x480x256 mode and that makes debugging very difficult.
Just For One Game ?
I keep wondering if this engine was used for any other games. Clue Chronicles was created by EAI Interactive. As I review the list of games they are known to have created (ranging between 1997 and 2000), a few of them jump out at me as possibly being able to leverage the same engine. I have a few of them, so I checked those… nothing. Then I scrubbed some YouTube videos showing gameplay of other suspects. None of those strike me as having similar engine characteristics to Clue Chronicles. So this remains a mystery : did they really craft this engine with its own scripting language just for one game ?The post Reverse Engineering Clue Chronicles Compression first appeared on Breaking Eggs And Making Omelettes.
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10 Customer Segments Examples and Their Benefits
9 mai 2024, par ErinNow that companies can segment buyers, the days of mass marketing are behind us. Customer segmentation offers various benefits for marketing, content creation, sales, analytics teams and more. Without customer segmentation, your personalised marketing efforts may fall flat.
According to the Twilio 2023 state of personalisation report, 69% of business leaders have increased their investment in personalisation. There’s a key reason for this — customer retention and loyalty directly benefit from personalisation. In fact, 62% of businesses have cited improved customer retention due to personalisation efforts. The numbers don’t lie.
Keep reading to learn how customer segments can help you fine-tune your personalised marketing campaigns. This article will give you a better understanding of customer segmentation and real-world customer segment examples. You’ll leave with the knowledge to empower your marketing strategies with effective customer segmentation.
What are customer segments ?
Customer segments are distinct groups of people or organisations with similar characteristics, needs and behaviours. Like different species of plants in a garden, each customer segment has specific needs and care requirements. Customer segments are useful for tailoring personalised marketing campaigns for specific groups.
Personalised marketing has been shown to have significant benefits — with 56% of consumers saying that a personalised experience would make them become repeat buyers.
Successful marketing teams typically focus on these types of customer segmentation :
- Geographic segmentation : groups buyers based on their physical location — country, city, region or climate — and language.
- Purchase history segmentation : categorises buyers based on their purchasing habits — how often they make purchases — and allows brands to distinguish between frequent, occasional and one-time buyers.
- Product-based segmentation : groups buyers according to the products they prefer or end up purchasing.
- Customer lifecycle segmentation : segments buyers based on where they are in the customer journey. Examples include new, repeat and lapsed buyers. This segmentation category is also useful for understanding the behaviour of loyal buyers and those at risk of churning.
- Technographic segmentation : focuses on buyers’ technology preferences, including device type, browser type, and operating system.
- Channel preference segmentation : helps us understand why buyers prefer to purchase via specific channels — whether online channels, physical stores or a combination of both.
- Value-based segmentation : categorises buyers based on their average purchase value and sensitivity to pricing, for example. This type of segmentation can provide insights into the behaviours of price-conscious buyers and those willing to pay premium prices.
Customer segmentation vs. market segmentation
Customer segmentation and market segmentation are related concepts, but they refer to different aspects of the segmentation process in marketing.
Market segmentation is the broader process of dividing the overall market into homogeneous groups. Market segmentation helps marketers identify different groups based on their characteristics or needs. These market segments make it easier for businesses to connect with new buyers by offering relevant products or new features.
On the other hand, customer segmentation is used to help you dig deep into the behaviour and preferences of your current customer base. Marketers use customer segmentation insights to create buyer personas. Buyer personas are essential for ensuring your personalised marketing efforts are relevant to the target audience.
10 customer segments examples
Now that you better understand different customer segmentation categories, we’ll provide real-world examples of how customer segmentation can be applied. You’ll be able to draw a direct connection between the segmentation category or categories each example falls under.
One thing to note is that you’ll want to consider privacy and compliance when you are considering collecting and analysing types of data such as gender, age, income level, profession or personal interests. Instead, you can focus on these privacy-friendly, ethical customer segmentation types :
1. Geographic location (category : geographic segmentation)
The North Face is an outdoor apparel and equipment company that relies on geographic segmentation to tailor its products toward buyers in specific regions and climates.
For instance, they’ll send targeted advertisements for insulated jackets and snow gear to buyers in colder climates. For folks in seasonal climates, The North Face may send personalised ads for snow gear in winter and ads for hiking or swimming gear in summer.
The North Face could also use geographic segmentation to determine buyers’ needs based on location. They can use this information to send targeted ads to specific customer segments during peak ski months to maximise profits.
2. Preferred language (category : geographic segmentation)
Your marketing approach will likely differ based on where your customers are and the language they speak. So, with that in mind, language may be another crucial variable you can introduce when identifying your target customers.
Language-based segmentation becomes even more important when one of your main business objectives is to expand into new markets and target international customers — especially now that global reach is made possible through digital channels.
Coca-Cola’s “Share a Coke” is a multi-national campaign with personalised cans and bottles featuring popular names from countries around the globe. It’s just one example of targeting customers based on language.
3. Repeat users and loyal customers (category : customer lifecycle segmentation)
Sephora, a large beauty supply company, is well-known for its Beauty Insider loyalty program.
It segments customers based on their purchase history and preferences and rewards their loyalty with gifts, discounts, exclusive offers and free samples. And since customers receive personalised product recommendations and other perks, it incentivises them to remain members of the Beauty Insider program — adding a boost to customer loyalty.
By creating a memorable customer experience for this segment of their customer base, staying on top of beauty trends and listening to feedback, Sephora is able to keep buyers coming back.
4. New customers (category : customer lifecycle segmentation)
Subscription services use customer lifecycle segmentation to offer special promotions and trials for new customers.
HBO Max is a great example of a real company that excels at this strategy :
They offer 40% savings on an annual ad-free plan, which targets new customers who may be apprehensive about the added monthly cost of a recurring subscription.
This marketing strategy prioritises fostering long-term customer relationships with new buyers to avoid high churn rates.
5. Cart abandonment (category : purchase history segmentation)
With a rate of 85% among US-based mobile users, cart abandonment is a huge issue for ecommerce businesses. One way to deal with this is to segment inactive customers and cart abandoners — those who showed interest by adding products to their cart but haven’t converted yet — and send targeted emails to remind them about their abandoned carts.
E-commerce companies like Ipsy, for example, track users who have added items to their cart but haven’t followed through on the purchase. The company’s messaging often contains incentives — like free shipping or a limited-time discount — to encourage passive users to return to their carts.
Research has found that cart abandonment emails with a coupon code have a high 44.37% average open rate.
6. Website activity (category : technographic segmentation)
It’s also possible to segment customers based on website activity. Now, keep in mind that this is a relatively broad approach ; it covers every interaction that may occur while the customer is browsing your website. As such, it leaves room for many different types of segmentation.
For instance, you can segment your audience based on the pages they visited, the elements they interacted with — like CTAs and forms — how long they stayed on each page and whether they added products to their cart.
Matomo’s Event Tracking can provide additional context to each website visit and tell you more about the specific interactions that occur, making it particularly useful for segmenting customers based on how they spend their time on your website.
Try Matomo for Free
Get the web insights you need, while respecting user privacy.
Amazon segments its customers based on browsing behaviour — recently viewed products and categories, among other things — which, in turn, allows them to improve the customer’s experience and drive sales.
7. Traffic source (category : channel segmentation)
You can also segment your audience based on traffic sources. For example, you can determine if your website visitors arrived through Google and other search engines, email newsletters, social media platforms or referrals.
In other words, you’ll create specific audience segments based on the original source. Matomo’s Acquisition feature can provide insights into five different types of traffic sources — search engines, social media, external websites, direct traffic and campaigns — to help you understand how users enter your website.
You may find that most visitors arrive at your website through social media ads or predominantly discover your brand through search engines. Either way, by learning where they’re coming from, you’ll be able to determine which conversion paths you should prioritise and optimise further.
8. Device type (category : technographic segmentation)
Device type is customer segmentation based on the devices that potential customers may use to access your website and view your content.
It’s worth noting that, on a global level, most people (96%) use mobile devices — primarily smartphones — for internet access. So, there’s a high chance that most of your website visitors are coming from mobile devices, too.
However, it’s best not to assume anything. Matomo can detect the operating system and the type of device — desktop, mobile device, tablet, console or TV, for example.
By introducing the device type variable into your customer segmentation efforts, you’ll be able to determine if there’s a preference for mobile or desktop devices. In return, you’ll have a better idea of how to optimise your website — and whether you should consider developing an app to meet the needs of mobile users.
Try Matomo for Free
Get the web insights you need, while respecting user privacy.
9. Browser type (category : technographic segmentation)
Besides devices, another type of segmentation that belongs to the technographic category and can provide valuable insights is browser-related. In this case, you’re tracking the internet browser your customers use.
Many browser types are available — including Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, Safari, Firefox and Brave — and each may display your website and other content differently.
So, keeping track of your customers’ preferred choices is important. Otherwise, you won’t be able to fully understand their online experience — or ensure that these browsers are displaying your content properly.
10. Ecommerce activity (category : purchase history, value based, channel or product based segmentation)
Similar to website activity, looking at ecommerce activity can tell your sales teams more about which pages the customer has seen and how they have interacted with them.
With Matomo’s Ecommerce Tracking, you’ll be able to keep an eye on customers’ on-site behaviours, conversion rates, cart abandonment, purchased products and transaction data — including total revenue and average order value.
Considering that the focus is on sales channels — such as your online store — this approach to customer segmentation can help you improve the sales experience and increase profitability.
Start implementing these customer segments examples
With ever-evolving demographics and rapid technological advancements, customer segmentation is increasingly complex. The tips and real-world examples in this article break down and simplify customer segmentation so that you can adapt to your customer base.
Customer segmentation lays the groundwork for your personalised marketing campaigns to take off. By understanding your users better, you can effectively tailor each campaign to different segments.
If you’re ready to see how Matomo can elevate your personalised marketing campaigns, try it for free for 21 days. No credit card required.
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21 day free trial. No credit card required.
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