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Keeping control of your media in your hands
13 avril 2011, parThe vocabulary used on this site and around MediaSPIP in general, aims to avoid reference to Web 2.0 and the companies that profit from media-sharing.
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Sur d’autres sites (9210)
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8 Best Tools to Analyse Website Traffic
12 septembre 2023, par Erin — Analytics Tips, MarketingDo you want to analyse your website traffic ?
Maybe you want to know how well you’re converting your traffic. Or maybe you’re looking to track the performance and ROI of your marketing campaigns. Regardless, you won’t get far without relying on a dependable web traffic analysis platform.
In this article, we’ve compiled a list of the top web analytics tools available (including the pricing for each one).
Let’s dive in.
What is website traffic analysis ?
Curious about what it means to analyse website traffic ?
Simply put, it involves collecting and examining data about your website visitors and the actions they take. Marketers, analysts and website owners can then take this data and use it to optimise their strategy to improve site traffic, conversion rates and ROI.
A website analytics tool is software that tracks and measures various visitor activities and behaviours on your website. Common metrics include pageviews, traffic source, bounce rate and average time on page. Using a web analytics solution can give you insights into what’s working (and what’s not working) so you can optimise your website, campaigns or marketing strategy.
Advantages of using a website traffic analysis tool
1. Performance measurement and optimisation
Tracking the success of your marketing efforts is a challenging task. The primary benefit of using a web analytics tool is implementing effective performance measurement. If you don’t know how to measure your efforts, you won’t know what’s working and what’s not with your campaigns and content.
A web analysis tool can give you the insights you need to understand whether your marketing initiatives have been successful or if they need to be improved.
For instance, your new web design facelift may seem beautiful, but if visitors aren’t staying on your site as long and it is resulting in lower conversions, then it’s time to go back to the drawing board.
2. Audience insights to improve the user experience
Web traffic analysis platforms don’t just show you what your visitors are doing. It shows you who your audience is. A powerful website analytics tool will give you in-depth audience data, including demographics like geographical location (e.g., city, state or country), to help you better understand your audience.
Additionally, you can learn more about your audience by seeing how they interact with different content on your site. You’ll start to see that certain content performs better than others, giving you a greater understanding of your audience’s needs and wants. This means you’ll be able to tailor your website content and marketing efforts to your audience to improve the overall user experience.
3. Improve SEO
In the first two advantages, we touched on how insights can help you craft better content for the visitors already coming to your site to improve the user experience and improve conversions. But did you know that using a website analytics tool can also help improve how much traffic you’re getting to your site ?
Since a web analytics tool can help you craft better content, one side effect is an increase in traffic from organic search through SEO. Additionally, your platform will likely show you other traffic sources that your visitors are coming from (i.e., another website is referring traffic to you) so you can tap into those high-performing sources and optimise your incoming traffic over time.
Top 8 Tools to Analyse Website Traffic
Here’s a breakdown of the top eight web analytics platforms to help you analyse each tool’s unique features, price, advantages and disadvantages so you can make the best decision.
1. Matomo
Matomo is an open-source website analytics tool that’s focused on protecting user privacy and data while offering robust insights into your web traffic. It’s one of the most powerful tools to track the entire customer journey on your site.
Why Matomo : As the leader in open-source, privacy-friendly and ethical web analytics, Matomo is trusted by more than 1 million websites, including NASA, the United Nations and the European Commission.
Matomo plays well with Google Analytics to track your websites by filling in the gaps where Google Analytics has limitations (i.e., cookie consent banner requirement). Matomo combines traditional and behavioural web analytics for deeper insights while ensuring compliance with the strictest privacy regulations like GDPR, LGPD and HIPAA.
Matomo Standout Features and Integrations :
Standout features include comprehensive visitor tracking, multi-attribution, goal tracking, event tracking, custom dimensions, custom reports, automated email reports, session recordings, tag manager, roll-up reporting to pull data from multiple sites, Google Analytics importer, heatmaps and more.
Integrations include WordPress, Google Ads, Wix, Drupal, Joomla, Cloudflare, Magento, Vue, SharePoint, WooCommerce and more.
Pricing starts free for Matomo On-Premise (but requires technical skills and servers to set up) and $23/month for Matomo Cloud, which includes a 21-day free trial (no credit card required).
Pros
- Best for respecting visitor privacy
- You own your data — ensuring that it’s not shared with third parties for purposes like advertising
- Compliant with the strictest privacy laws
- Greater flexibility with open-source advantages, as well as the option to either self-host or cloud host
- Can run cookieless — providing 100% accurate data and a better user experience without the need for an annoying cookie consent banner
- Exceptional customisability — from white labeling, alerts and custom dimensions to dashboards and reports, tailor your insights for faster decisions, deeper insights and superior outcomes
Cons
- On-Premise is free, but there are additional costs for advanced features
- On-Premise requires servers and technical expertise to manage
2. Google Analytics
Google Analytics is the most well-known and used web analytics platform in the world, with nearly 30 million active websites.
Why Google Analytics : It’s one of the leading web traffic analysis tools backed by the Alphabet group of companies. For anyone getting started, it’s a great free option to understand your web traffic and your audience.
Google Analytics Standout Features and Integrations :
Standout features include in-depth visitor tracking, event tracking with Google Analytics 4 (GA4), easy integration with Google marketing tools (i.e., Google Search Console and Google Ads), custom reports and easy data importing from third-party sources.
Integrations include Google Ads, Google Webmaster Tools, AdSense, WordPress, Wix, Shopify, Zendesk, Facebook, Marketo, WordPress, Hotjar, SEMrush, Salesforce, Hootsuite and more.
Pricing is free.
Pros
- Detailed audience insights
- Customisable reports
- Seamless integration with other Google products
- Easy to set up
Cons
- Not privacy-friendly — you don’t own your data (data is shared with third parties for advertising purposes)
- Complex interface
- Requires cookie consent banner for GDPR compliance, which negatively impacts data accuracy and user experience
3. Fathom Analytics
Founded in 2018, Fathom Analytics is a privacy-friendly and lightweight web analytics tool. The platform offers a simple, minimalistic dashboard.
Why Fathom Analytics : Fathom Analytics is a minimalistic tool to help website owners gain insights into customer behaviour without compromising on privacy. It’s an easy-to-use tool that offers a simplified breakdown of the most popular data points. For newcomers to web analytics seeking essential metrics like visitor counts and traffic sources, Fathom Analytics provides a straightforward, cost-effective solution.
Fathom Analytics Standout Features and Integrations :
Standout features include easy, automated GA4 importing with lifetime data retention, a single-page dashboard for a quick overview of metrics, traffic summaries for chosen timeframes, visually striking graphs for better data digestion and privacy protection covering major compliance regulations.
Integrations include Google Analytics, Squarespace, Drupal, WordPress, Discourse, Bloggi, ConvertKit, Webflow, Transistor, Remix, Gatsby and Carrd.
Pricing starts at $14/month for up to 100k pageviews (with a 30-day free trial).
Pros
- Doesn’t use cookies
- Out-of-the-box GDPR, ePrivacy, PECR and CCPA compliance
- Great for visual data insights
- Lightweight tracking script for fast loading
Cons
- Can’t easily see traffic trends on specific pages
- Metrics may be too simple for those wanting advanced analytics
4. Mixpanel
Mixpanel is a web analytics platform that helps you track visitors as well as improve customer retention. The software has 8,000 customers worldwide, including Netflix, Yelp, BuzzFeed and CNN.
Why Mixpanel : Mixpanel is great for websites with e-commerce functionality. The tool helps you understand both your site visitors and your customers so you can optimise your customer experience and improve conversions.
Mixpanel Standout Features and Integrations :
Standout features include deep insights into how your products are being used, including your most popular features, user cohorts that let you segment users based on specific actions, and visual analysis showing where users drop off.
Integrations include Google Cloud, Figma, Mailchimp, Zoho CRM, Databox, Marketo, Hotjar, Slack, Zapier, Amazon Web Services, Google Ads and HubSpot.
Pricing starts free for up to 20 million events per month and $20/month for Growth.
Pros
- Interface is easy for beginners
- Exhaustive reporting options
- Custom event tracking options
- Predict user actions based on data science models
- Send targeted messages to specific users to encourage action
Cons
- User-based pricing isn’t the most ideal for everyone
- Alert management can be confusing
5. Kissmetrics
Kissmetrics is a marketing and product analytics tool that helps e-commerce and SaaS companies grow through qualitative data insights. The web analytics tool is trusted by 10,000 users, including Microsoft, Unbounce, AWeber, Dropbox DocSend and SendGrid.
Why Kissmetrics : As an e-commerce-driven analytics platform, the platform is best suited for Enterprise businesses, but it also offers flexible pricing plans that make it easy for someone to get their feet wet with website analytics.
Kissmetrics Standout Features and Integrations :
Standout features include a customisable dashboard to see key metrics at a glance, comprehensive visitor tracking, cohort analysis including power user tracking to understand your most active visitors and customers and insights into customer lifetime value and churn rate.
Integrations include Chargify, HubSpot, Slack, Live Chat, Marketo, Optimizely, Mailchimp, Recurly, Wufoo Forms, Facebook Ads, WordPress, Shopify and WooCommerce.
Pricing starts at $0.0025/event for the Pay As You Go Plan, $25.99/month for Build Your Plan and $199/month for Small Teams, which includes a 7-day free trial.
Pros
- Flexible pricing options
- Easy to install
- Several analytics viewing options
- Visual checkout funnel insights
- Track sessions by desktop or mobile
Cons
- Despite more pricing options, it’s still quite expensive overall
- Difficult to use for beginners
6. Adobe Analytics
Adobe Analytics is a web and marketing analytics platform within the Adobe Experience Platform. Used by over 170,000 businesses, it’s one of the most popular analytics solutions available.
Why Adobe Analytics : Adobe Analytics was created for large organisations. It’s essentially the enterprise version of Google Analytics. The tool does a great job of offering a customised analytics solution that’s capable of delivering personalised user experiences at scale.
Adobe Analytics Standout Features and Integrations :
Standout features include attribution, AI-driven predictive analytics, robust customer segmentation and automation based on customer behaviour.
Integrations include all Adobe products, Salesforce, Hootsuite, Contentsquare, Sisense, Mouseflow, Google Ads, Google Search Console, HubSpot and Microsoft Teams.
Pricing is custom and available upon request, but users can expect to pay at least $2,000 per month, and there is no free trial.
Pros
- Built for enterprise businesses
- Seamless workflow integration for Adobe Experience Cloud users
- Incredible customisation options
- Integration process is flexible
- Capable of accurately tracking large volumes of traffic
Cons
- Very expensive
- Not suitable for small businesses
- The setup is challenging for beginners
7. SimilarWeb
SimilarWeb is a robust analytics platform used to track your website data and compare it to other websites. Backed by a team of experienced data scientists and mathematicians for in-depth website traffic and search engine analysis. Founded in 2007, the platform is trusted by major brands like Adidas, DHL, PepsiCo and Walmart.
Why SimilarWeb : The tool relies on multiple scientific methodologies and approaches to data analysis to help provide a better understanding of visitors and customers. The platform is great for crafting prediction models for customer acquisitions by using machine learning to offer SEO insights and competitive analysis.
SimilarWeb Standout Features and Integrations :
Standout features include competition traffic and engagement analysis, in-depth visitor tracking, keyword analysis to optimise your SEO and search ads, affiliate traffic analysis, search traffic analysis and funnel insights.
Integrations include Salesforce, HubSpot, Google Analytics, Google Search Console, Shift, AT Internet, Adverity, SimilarTech, Biscience and more.
Pricing starts at $125/month for the Starter plan, which includes a 7-day free trial.
Pros
- Has a user-friendly dashboard for simple insights
- Highly customisable platform to meet your specific needs
- Easy competition analysis
- Funnel insights to improve your conversion rates
- Great customer support
Cons
- Expensive pricing
- Doesn’t include a code snippet to pull data directly from websites
- Doesn’t show sub-domains of your site
8. Hotjar
Hotjar is a behavioural website analytics tool with a focus on providing insights into individual user sessions with features like heatmaps and session recordings. Founded in 2014, Hotjar is used by 900,000 sites around the world.
Why Hotjar : Unlike traditional web analytics tools like Google Analytics, Hotjar is a behavioural analytics tool that provides in-depth behaviour insights session by session. The tool offers a variety of features that give you a sneak peek into your users’ behaviours by watching how they interact with your site action by action.
Hotjar Standout Features and Integrations :
Standout features include comprehensive heat mapping, visitor session recordings to see what visitors did moment by moment, feedback polls to gain insights from site visitors and conversion funnels to help you analyse leaks in your funnel at each conversion stage.
Integrations include HubSpot, Slack, Jira, WordPress, Shopify, Google Analytics, Mixpanel, Microsoft Teams, Zapier and ClickFunnels.
Pricing starts at free for the Basic plan and $80/month for Business, which includes a 15-day free trial.
Pros
- You can see exactly where visitors click, move and scroll
- Watch session replays to see what visitors did step-by-step
- See what percentage of visitors take certain actions
- Data segmentation features to help you understand KPIs in-depth
- There are no user limits with the platform, making it easy to scale
Cons
- While it offers behavioural analytics, Hotjar doesn’t provide insights into traditional web analytics like Matomo does, including traffic sources and bounce rate
- History data monitoring is complex
Elevate your website performance today
Understanding your visitors’ behaviour and needs is essential when you’re looking to improve your website performance.
By leveraging a website analytics platform, you’ll be able to gain new insights into your visitors and use insights from your content and campaign performance to improve your user experience.
If you’re looking to start using a web traffic analysis tool today, then Matomo is an excellent choice.
Matomo is a powerful, privacy-friendly and compliant tool that gives in-depth insights into your audience, your content and your marketing efforts to help you improve your site’s performance.
The platform also includes a variety of robust behavioural analytics features like heatmaps, session recording and more, which are included in your Cloud subscription.
Start your 21-day free trial of Matomo today (no credit card required).
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Read existing MP4 File and write into a new MP4 file using libavcodec
4 octobre 2023, par TahfimulI am new to the libavcodec space.


I am trying to read video and audio streams from an existing mp4 file and take the data from the two streams and then mux the two streams and write the muxed data into a new mp4 file using libavcodec in C++. Essentially, I am aiming to split the original (existing) mp4 file into small chunks of 1 second clips that then can be played back using a video player. I would like to preserve the original mp4 video's video stream (i.e. preserve its color, resolution and etc.) and preserve the mp4 video's audio stream (i.e. preserve its bit rate and etc.). I am trying to achieve this using libavcodec in C++. But there does not seem to be any tutorial or documentation online that points me to that direction.


So far, I have looked at and tried to implement a solution using this tutorial (tutorial#1) : https://github.com/leandromoreira/ffmpeg-libav-tutorial/blob/master/0_hello_world.c


However, tutorial#1 aimed to save each video frame from the existing (original) mp4 video stream into individual .pgm files, which meant that the .pgm files would store a grayscale image of each video frame.


Since, I want to preserve the colors of the original (existing) mp4 file, I looked at this tutorial (tutorial#2) that aimed to convert the grayscale video frame into color using the swscale library : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y7SUm7Xf1sc&ab_channel=Bartholomew
However, in tutorial#2, they exported the output from swscale library to a GUI library to be viewed in a GUI application and did not show hwo to write the output data into a new mp4 file that can be played back by a video player.


So then, I looked at this tutorial(tutorial#3) which showed how to create an MP4 file using libavcodec : C++ FFmpeg create mp4 file
However, the problem with that solution is that I was not able to take a video frame from the original mp4 video and store it into another mp4 file. I kept getting errors when attempting to do so and I did not succeed in taking the data from the original(existing) mp4 file and storing it into a new mp4 file.


Here is the code that I have written so far :


#include<fstream>
#include 
#include 
#include 
extern "C"
{
#include <libavcodec></libavcodec>avcodec.h>
#include <libavformat></libavformat>avformat.h>
#include <libavutil></libavutil>mathematics.h>
#include <libswscale></libswscale>swscale.h>
#include <libavfilter></libavfilter>buffersrc.h>
#include <libavfilter></libavfilter>buffersink.h>
#include <libavutil></libavutil>time.h>
#include <libavutil></libavutil>opt.h>
}
#pragma comment(lib, "avfilter.lib")
#ifdef av_err2str
#undef av_err2str
#include <string>
av_always_inline std::string av_err2string(int errnum) {
 char str[AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE];
 return av_make_error_string(str, AV_ERROR_MAX_STRING_SIZE, errnum);
}
#define av_err2str(err) av_err2string(err).c_str()
#endif // av_err2str

#include <chrono>
#include <thread>


// decode packets into frames
static int decode_packet(AVPacket *pPacket, AVCodecContext *pCodecContext, AVFrame *pFrame);

static void pushFrame(AVFrame* frame, AVCodecContext* outputCodecContext, AVPacket * outputPacket, AVFormatContext* outputFormatContext, AVCodec *outputCodec) {
 
 std::cout<<"outputCodecContext: "<format = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
 frame->width = 800;
 frame->height = 800;
 if ((err = av_frame_get_buffer(frame, 32)) < 0) {
 std::cout << "Failed to allocate picture" << err << std::endl;
 return;
 }
 }
 SwsContext* swsCtx = nullptr;
 if (!swsCtx) {
 swsCtx = sws_getContext(800, 800, AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24, 800, 
 800, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P, SWS_BICUBIC, 0, 0, 0);
 }
 int inLinesize[1] = { 3 * 800 };
 // From RGB to YUV
 // sws_scale(swsCtx, (const uint8_t* const*)&data, inLinesize, 0, 800, 
 // frame->data, frame->linesize);
 std::cout<<"frame "<pts = (1.0 / 30.0) * 90000 * (1);
 // std::cout << videoFrame->pts << " " << cctx->time_base.num << " " << 
 // cctx->time_base.den << " " << 1 << std::endl;
 if ((err = avcodec_send_frame(outputCodecContext, frame)) < 0) {
 std::cout << "Failed to send frame" << err << std::endl;
 return;
 }
 AV_TIME_BASE;
 AVPacket pkt;
 av_init_packet(&pkt);
 pkt.data = NULL;
 pkt.size = 0;
 pkt.flags |= AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY;
 std::cout<<"here\n";
 if (avcodec_receive_packet(outputCodecContext, outputPacket) == 0) {
 static int counter = 0;
 if (counter == 0) {
 FILE* fp = fopen("dump_first_frame1.dat", "wb");
 fwrite(outputPacket->data, outputPacket->size, 1, fp);
 fclose(fp);
 }
 // std::cout << "pkt key: " << (pkt.flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY) << " " << 
 // pkt.size << " " << (counter++) << std::endl;
 // uint8_t* size = ((uint8_t*)pkt.data);
 // std::cout << "first: " << (int)size[0] << " " << (int)size[1] << 
 // " " << (int)size[2] << " " << (int)size[3] << " " << (int)size[4] << 
 // " " << (int)size[5] << " " << (int)size[6] << " " << (int)size[7] << 
 // std::endl;
 av_interleaved_write_frame(outputFormatContext, outputPacket);
 av_packet_unref(outputPacket);
 }
}

int main()
{

 char* filename = "c++.mp4";

 AVFormatContext *pFormatContext = avformat_alloc_context();

 AVOutputFormat* outputFormat = NULL;

 AVFormatContext* outputFormatContext = nullptr;

 AVCodecContext* outputCodecContext = nullptr;

 if (!pFormatContext) {
 std::cerr<<"ERROR could not allocate memory for Format Context\n";
 return -1;
 }

 if (avformat_open_input(&pFormatContext, filename , NULL, NULL) != 0) {
 std::cerr<<"ERROR could not open the file\n";
 return -1;
 }

 std::cout<<"format: "<iformat->name<<" , duration:"<<(double)(pFormatContext->duration/AV_TIME_BASE)<<"seconds, bit_rate:"<bit_rate<video_codec);

 
 if (!outputCodec)
 {
 std::cout << "can't create output codec" << std::endl;
 return -1;
 } 
 

 AVStream* outputStream = avformat_new_stream(outputFormatContext, outputCodec);

 if (!outputStream)
 {
 std::cout << "can't find output format" << std::endl;
 return -1;
 }

 outputCodecContext = avcodec_alloc_context3(outputCodec);

 if (!outputCodecContext)
 {
 std::cout << "can't create output codec context" << std::endl;
 return -1;
 }

 AVCodec *pCodec = NULL;

 AVCodecParameters *pCodecParameters = NULL;

 int video_stream_index = -1;

 AVStream* stream = NULL;
 
 // loop though all the streams and print its main information
 for (int i = 0; i < pFormatContext->nb_streams; i++)
 {
 
 AVCodecParameters *pLocalCodecParameters = NULL;
 pLocalCodecParameters = pFormatContext->streams[i]->codecpar;

 AVCodec *pLocalCodec = NULL;
 pLocalCodec = avcodec_find_decoder(pLocalCodecParameters->codec_id);
 if (pLocalCodec==NULL) {
 std::cerr<<"ERROR unsupported codec!\n";
 // In this example if the codec is not found we just skip it
 continue;
 }


 if (pLocalCodecParameters->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
 if (video_stream_index == -1) {
 video_stream_index = i;
 pCodec = pLocalCodec;
 pCodecParameters = pLocalCodecParameters;
 stream = pFormatContext->streams[i];
 std::cout<<"codec id: "<codecpar->codec_id<codecpar->codec_type<codecpar->width<codecpar->height<codecpar->format<codecpar->bit_rate<codecpar->codec_id = outputFormat->video_codec;
 // outputStream->codecpar->codec_id = stream->codecpar->codec_id;
 outputStream->codecpar->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
 outputStream->codecpar->width = stream->codecpar->width;
 outputStream->codecpar->height = stream->codecpar->height;
 outputStream->codecpar->format = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
 outputStream->codecpar->bit_rate = stream->codecpar->bit_rate;
 
 avcodec_parameters_to_context(outputCodecContext, outputStream->codecpar);
 } 

 std::cout<<"Video Codec: resolution " << pLocalCodecParameters->width << " x "<height<codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
 std::cout<<"Audio Codec: "<channels<<" channels, sample rate "<sample_rate<name << " ID: " <id<< " bit_rate: "<bit_rate</ outputStream->codecpar->codec_id = outputFormat->video_codec;
 // outputStream->codecpar->codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
 // outputStream->codecpar->width = 300;
 // outputStream->codecpar->height = 300;
 // outputStream->codecpar->format = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
 // outputStream->codecpar->bit_rate = 200 * 1000;
 outputCodecContext->time_base = (AVRational){ 1, 1 };
 outputCodecContext->max_b_frames = 2;
 outputCodecContext->gop_size = 12;
 outputCodecContext->framerate = (AVRational){ 30, 1 };

 if (avcodec_parameters_to_context(pCodecContext, pCodecParameters) < 0)
 {
 std::cerr<<"failed to copy codec params to codec context\n";
 return -1;
 }

 // std::cout<<"pCodecContext->time_base: "<time_base)</ outputCodecContext->time_base = pCodecContext->time_base;
 // outputCodecContext->max_b_frames = pCodecContext->max_b_frames;
 // outputCodecContext->gop_size = pCodecContext->gop_size;
 // outputCodecContext->framerate = pCodecContext->framerate;

 if (outputStream->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264) {
 // av_opt_set(pCodecContext, "preset", "ultrafast", 0);
 av_opt_set(outputCodecContext, "preset", "ultrafast", 0);
 }
 else if (outputStream->codecpar->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H265)
 {
 // av_opt_set(pCodecContext, "preset", "ultrafast", 0);
 av_opt_set(outputCodecContext, "preset", "ultrafast", 0);
 }

 // avcodec_parameters_from_context(stream->codecpar, pCodecContext);
 avcodec_parameters_from_context(outputStream->codecpar, outputCodecContext);

 if (avcodec_open2(pCodecContext, pCodec, NULL) < 0)
 {
 std::cerr<<"failed to open codec through avcodec_open2\n";
 return -1;
 }

 if (avcodec_open2(outputCodecContext, outputCodec, NULL) < 0)
 {
 std::cerr<<"failed to open output codec through avcodec_open2\n";
 return -1;
 }


 if (!(outputFormat->flags & AVFMT_NOFILE)) {
 if (avio_open(&outputFormatContext->pb, "test.mp4", AVIO_FLAG_WRITE) < 0) {
 std::cout << "Failed to open file" << std::endl;
 return -1;
 }
 }

 if (avformat_write_header(outputFormatContext, NULL) < 0) {
 std::cout << "Failed to write header" << std::endl;
 return -1;
 }

 av_dump_format(outputFormatContext, 0, "test.mp4", 1);


 AVFrame *pFrame = av_frame_alloc();
 if (!pFrame)
 {
 std::cerr<<"failed to allocate memory for AVFrame\n";
 return -1;
 }
 
 // https://ffmpeg.org/doxygen/trunk/structAVPacket.html
 AVPacket *pPacket = av_packet_alloc();
 if (!pPacket)
 {
 std::cerr<<"failed to allocate memory for AVPacket\n";
 return -1;
 }

 int response = 0;
 int how_many_packets_to_process = 300;

 // fill the Packet with data from the Stream
 // https://ffmpeg.org/doxygen/trunk/group__lavf__decoding.html#ga4fdb3084415a82e3810de6ee60e46a61
 while (av_read_frame(pFormatContext, pPacket) >= 0)
 {
 // if it's the video stream
 if (pPacket->stream_index == video_stream_index) {
 std::cout<<"AVPacket->pts "<pts;
 // if(av_write_frame(outputFormatContext, pPacket)<0)
 // std::cout<<"error writing output frame\n";
 // pushFrame(pFrame, outputCodecContext, pPacket, outputFormatContext, outputCodec);
 response = decode_packet(pPacket, pCodecContext, pFrame);
 if (response < 0)
 break;
 // stop it, otherwise we'll be saving hundreds of frames
 if (--how_many_packets_to_process <= 0) break;
 }
 // https://ffmpeg.org/doxygen/trunk/group__lavc__packet.html#ga63d5a489b419bd5d45cfd09091cbcbc2
 av_packet_unref(pPacket);
 } 

 if(av_write_trailer(outputFormatContext)<0)
 std::cout <<"Error writing output trailer\n";


 return 0;
}

int save_frame_as_mpeg(AVCodecContext* pCodecCtx, AVFrame* pFrame, int FrameNo) {
 int ret = 0;

 const AVCodec* mpegCodec = avcodec_find_encoder(pCodecCtx->codec_id);
 if (!mpegCodec) {
 std::cout<<"failed to open mpegCodec\n";
 return -1;
 }
 AVCodecContext* mpegContext = avcodec_alloc_context3(mpegCodec);
 if (!mpegContext) {
 std::cout<<"failed to open mpegContext\n";
 return -1;
 }

 mpegContext->pix_fmt = pCodecCtx->pix_fmt;
 mpegContext->height = pFrame->height;
 mpegContext->width = pFrame->width;
 mpegContext->time_base = AVRational{ 1,10 };

 ret = avcodec_open2(mpegContext, mpegCodec, NULL);
 if (ret < 0) {
 return ret;
 }
 FILE* MPEGFile;
 char MPEGFName[256];

 AVPacket packet;
 packet.data = NULL;
 packet.size = 0;
 av_init_packet(&packet);

 int gotFrame;

 ret = avcodec_send_frame(mpegContext, pFrame);
 if (ret < 0) {
 std::cout<<"failed to send frame for mpegContext\n";
 return ret;
 }

 ret = avcodec_receive_packet(mpegContext, &packet);
 if (ret < 0) {
 std::cout<<"failed to receive packet for mpegContext\terrocode: "<pix_fmt = pCodecCtx->pix_fmt;
 jpegContext->height = pFrame->height;
 jpegContext->width = pFrame->width;
 jpegContext->time_base = AVRational{ 1,10 };

 ret = avcodec_open2(jpegContext, jpegCodec, NULL);
 if (ret < 0) {
 return ret;
 }
 FILE* JPEGFile;
 char JPEGFName[256];

 AVPacket packet;
 packet.data = NULL;
 packet.size = 0;
 av_init_packet(&packet);

 int gotFrame;

 ret = avcodec_send_frame(jpegContext, pFrame);
 if (ret < 0) {
 return ret;
 }

 ret = avcodec_receive_packet(jpegContext, &packet);
 if (ret < 0) {
 return ret;
 }

 sprintf(JPEGFName, "c:\\folder\\dvr-%06d.jpg", FrameNo);
 JPEGFile = fopen(JPEGFName, "wb");
 fwrite(packet.data, 1, packet.size, JPEGFile);
 fclose(JPEGFile);

 av_packet_unref(&packet);
 avcodec_close(jpegContext);
 return 0;
}

static int decode_packet(AVPacket *pPacket, AVCodecContext *pCodecContext, AVFrame *pFrame)
{
 // Supply raw packet data as input to a decoder
 // https://ffmpeg.org/doxygen/trunk/group__lavc__decoding.html#ga58bc4bf1e0ac59e27362597e467efff3
 int response = avcodec_send_packet(pCodecContext, pPacket);
 if (response < 0) {
 std::cerr<<"Error while sending a packet to the decoder: "<= 0)
 {
 // Return decoded output data (into a frame) from a decoder
 // https://ffmpeg.org/doxygen/trunk/group__lavc__decoding.html#ga11e6542c4e66d3028668788a1a74217c
 response = avcodec_receive_frame(pCodecContext, pFrame);
 if (response == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || response == AVERROR_EOF) {
 break;
 } else if (response < 0) {
 std::cerr<<"Error while receiving a frame from the decoder: "<= 0) {

 response = save_frame_as_jpeg(pCodecContext, pFrame, pCodecContext->frame_number);

 if(response<0)
 {
 std::cerr<<"Failed to save frame as jpeg\n";
 return -1;
 }

 response = save_frame_as_mpeg(pCodecContext, pFrame, pCodecContext->frame_number);

 if(response<0)
 {
 std::cerr<<"Failed to save frame as mpeg\n";
 return -1;
 }


 std::cout<<
 "Frame "<frame_number<< "type= "<pict_type)<<" size= "<pkt_size<<" bytes, format= "<format<<" "<pts<<"pts key_frame "<key_frame<< " [DTS"<coded_picture_number<<" ]\n";
 
 char frame_filename[1024];
 snprintf(frame_filename, sizeof(frame_filename), "%s-%d.pgm", "frame", pCodecContext->frame_number);
 // Check if the frame is a planar YUV 4:2:0, 12bpp
 // That is the format of the provided .mp4 file
 // RGB formats will definitely not give a gray image
 // Other YUV image may do so, but untested, so give a warning
 if (pFrame->format != AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P)
 {
 std::cout<<"Warning: the generated file may not be a grayscale image, but could e.g. be just the R component if the video format is RGB\n";
 }
 
 }
 }
 return 0;
}
</thread></chrono></string></fstream>

The question that I am seeking an answer to is How can I use libavcodec to split an mp4 file into 1 second chunk clips (those clips will be in mp4 format) ?


-
5-Step Conversion Rate Optimisation Checklist
27 octobre 2023, par ErinDid you know the average conversion rate across e-commerce businesses in August 2023 was 2.03% ? In the past year, conversion rates have increased by 0.39%.
Make no mistake. Just because conversion rates are higher this year doesn’t make it any easier to convert visitors.
Cracking the secrets to improving conversion rates is crucial to running a successful website or business.
Your site is the digital headquarters all of your marketing efforts funnel toward. With every visitor comes an opportunity to convert them into a lead (or sale).
Keep reading if you want to improve your lead generation or convert more visitors into customers. In this article, we’ll break down a simple five-step conversion rate optimisation checklist you need to follow to maximise your conversions.
What is conversion rate optimisation ?
Before we dive into the steps you need to follow to optimise your conversions, let’s back up and talk conversion rate optimisation.
Conversion rate optimisation, or CRO for short, is the process of increasing the number of website visitors who take a specific action.
In most cases, this means :
- Turning more visitors into leads by getting them to join an email list
- Convincing a visitor to fill out a contact form for a consultation
- Converting a visitor into a paying customer by purchasing a product
However, conversion rate optimisation can be used for any action you want someone to take on your site. That could be downloading a free guide, clicking on a specific link, commenting on a blog post or sharing your website with a friend.
Why following a CRO checklist is important
Conversion rate optimisation is both a valuable practice and an absolute necessity for any business or marketer. While it can be a bit complex, especially when you start diving into A/B testing, there are a variety of advantages :
Get the most out of your efforts
When all is said and done, if you can’t convert the traffic already coming to your site, dumping a ton of time and resources into traffic generation (whether paid or organic) won’t solve your problem.
Instead, you need to look at the root of the problem : your conversion rate.
By doubling down on conversions and following a conversion rate optimisation checklist, you’ll get the greatest result for the effort you’re already putting into your site.
Increase audience size
To increase your audience size, you need to increase your traffic, right ? Not exactly.
While your audience may be considered people who have seen your content or follow you on social media, a high-value audience is one you can market to directly on an ongoing basis.
Your website gives you the playground to convert visitors into high-value audience members. This is done by creating conversion-focused email signup forms and optimising your website for sale conversions.
Generate more sales
Boosting sales through CRO is the core objective. By optimising product pages, simplifying the checkout process, and employing persuasive strategies, you can systematically increase your sales and maximise the value of your existing traffic.
Reduce customer acquisition costs (CAC)
With conversion optimisation, you can convert a higher percentage of your website visitors into paid customers. Even if you don’t spend more on acquiring new customers, you’ll be able to generate more sales overall.
The result is that your customer acquisition costs will drop, allowing you to increase your total acquisitions to your customer base.
Improve profitability
While reduced customer acquisition costs mean you can pour more money into customer acquisition at a cheaper rate, you could simply maintain your costs while driving sales, resulting in increased profitability.
If you can spend the same amount on acquisition but bring in 20% more customers (due to using a CRO checklist), your profit margins will automatically increase.
5-step CRO checklist
To double down on conversion rate optimisation, you need to follow a checklist to ensure you don’t miss any major optimisation opportunities.
The checklist below is designed to help you systematically optimise your website, ensuring you make the most of your traffic by continuously refining its performance.
1. Forms
Analysing and optimising your website’s forms is crucial for enhancing conversion rates. Understanding how visitors interact with your forms can uncover pain points and help you streamline the conversion process.
Ever wonder where your visitors drop off on your forms ? It could be due to lengthy, time-consuming fields or overly complex forms, leading to a frustrating user experience and lower conversion rate. Whatever the reason, you need the right tools to uncover the root of the issue.
By leveraging Form Analytics, you gain powerful insights into user behaviour and can identify areas where people may encounter difficulties.
Form Analytics provides the insights to discover :
- Average time spent on each field : This metric helps you understand where users may be struggling or spending too much time. By optimising these fields, you can streamline the form, reduce user frustration and increase conversions.
- Identifying drop-off points : Understanding where users drop off provides insights into which form fields may need improvement. Addressing these drop-off points can increase the conversion rate.
- Unneeded fields with a high blank submission rate : Discovering fields left blank upon submission can highlight areas for simplification. By eliminating unnecessary fields, you can create more concise and user-friendly forms that may entice more visitors to engage with the form.
Hear first-hand how Concrete CMS achieve 3x more leads with insights from Form Analytics.
These data-driven insights empower you to optimise your forms, remove guesswork and settle debates about form design. By fine-tuning and streamlining your forms, you can ensure a smoother path to conversion and maximise your success in converting more visitors.
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2. Copywriting
Another crucial element you need to test is your copywriting. Your copywriting is the foundation of your entire website. It helps communicate to your audience what you have to offer and why they need to take action.
You need to ensure you have a good offer. This isn’t just the product or service you’re putting out there. It’s the complete package. It includes the product, rewards, a unique guarantee, customer service, packaging and promotions.
Start testing your copy with your headlines. Look at the headers and test different phrases to convert more potential customers into paying customers.
Here are a few tips to optimise your copy for more conversions :
- Ensure copy is relevant to your headline and vice versa.
- Write short words, short sentences and short paragraphs.
- Use bullets and subheaders to make the copy easy to skim.
- Don’t focus too heavily on optimising for search engines (SEO). Instead, write for humans.
- Focus on writing about benefits, not features.
- Write about how your offer solves the pain points of your audience.
You can test your copy in several areas once you’ve begun testing your headers – your subheaders, body copy, signup forms and product pages (if you’re e-commerce).
3. Media : videos and audio
Next, testing out different media types is crucial. This means incorporating videos and audio into your content.
Don’t just take a random guess by throwing stuff against the wall, hoping it sticks. Instead, you should use data to develop impactful content.
Look at your Media Analytics reports in your website analytics solution and see what media people spend the most time on. See what kind of video or audio content already impacts conversions.
Humans are highly visual. You should craft your content so it’s easy to digest. Instead of covering your website in huge chunks of text, split up your copy with engaging content like videos.
High-quality videos and audio recordings allow your readers to consume more of your content easily, and help persuade them to take action on your site.
4. Calls to action (CTA)
This brings us to our next point : your call to action (CTA).
Are you trying to convert more prospects into leads ? Want to turn more leads into customers ? Trying to get more email subscribers ? Or do you want to generate more sales every month ?
You could write the most compelling offer flooded with beautiful images, videos and CRO tactics. But your efforts will go to waste if you don’t include a compelling CTA.
Here are a few tips to optimise your CTAs :
- Keep them congruent on a single web page (e.g., don’t sell a hat and a sweater on the same page, as it can be confusing).
- Place at least one CTA above the fold on your web pages.
- Include benefits in your CTA. Rather than “Buy Now,” try “Buy Now to Get 30% Off.”
- It’s better to be clear and concise than too fancy and unique.
Optimising your call to action isn’t just about your copywriting. It’s also about design. Test different fonts, sizes, and visual elements like borders, icons and background colours.
5. Web design
Your site design will impact how well your visitors convert. You could have incredible copywriting, but if your site is laid out poorly, it will drive people away.
You must ensure your copy and visual content fit your website design well.
The first place you need to start with your site is your homepage design.
Your site design consists of the theme or template, colour scheme and other visual elements that can be optimised to improve conversions.
Here are a few tips to keep in mind when optimising your website design :
- Use a colour scheme that’s pleasant rather than too distracting or extreme.
- Ensure your design doesn’t remove the text’s clarity but makes it easier to read.
- When in doubt, start with black text on a white background (the opposite rarely works).
- Keep plenty of whitespace in between design elements.
- When in doubt about font size, start by testing a larger size.
- Design mobile-first rather than desktop-first.
Finally, it’s critical to ensure your website is easy to navigate. Good design is all about the user experience. Is it easy to find what they’re looking for ? Simplify steps to reduce the need to click, and your conversions will increase.
Start optimising your website for conversions
If you’re looking to get the most out of the traffic on your site by converting more visitors into leads or customers, following this 5-step CRO checklist will help you take steps in the right direction.
Just remember conversion rate optimisation is an ongoing process. It’s not a one-time deal. To succeed, you need to test quickly, analyse the impact and do more of what’s working and less of what’s not.
To optimise your website for better conversion rates, you need the right tools that provide accurate data and insights to effectively increase conversions. With Matomo, you gain access to web analytics and CRO features like Form Analytics and Media Analytics, designed to enhance your conversion rate optimisation efforts.
Try Matomo free for 21 days and take your conversion rate to the next level. No credit card required.
Try Matomo for Free
21 day free trial. No credit card required.
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