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• FFmpeg returning an error - What does it mean ?

  19 mars 2013, par user1031947

  I am using FFmpeg, libmp3lame & libx264 along with the node fluent-ffmpeg module. This is my first foray into processing uploaded videos.

  From node, I use the following code to process an uploaded video :

  var proc = new ffmpeg({ source: src, nolog: true })
  
      .usingPreset( "podcast" )
  
      .withAudioCodec( "libmp3lame" )
  
      .saveToFile( dest, function( retcode, err ){
  
           if( err ) throw err;
  
           ...
  
      });

  When I try to process a video, this fails with the following error, which I don't understand. I am hoping someone here can help point me in the right direction. Thanks !

  > ffmpeg version 0.8.5-6:0.8.5-1, Copyright (c) 2000-2012 the Libav
  
  > developers   built on Jan 13 2013 12:05:48 with gcc 4.7.2
  
  > *** THIS PROGRAM IS DEPRECATED *** This program is only provided for compatibility and will be removed in a future release. Please use
  
  > avconv instead.
  
  > 
  
  > Seems stream 0 codec frame rate differs from container frame rate:
  
  > 5994.00 (5994/1) -> 29.97 (2997/100) Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from
  
  > '/home/ssp/resources/tmp/32111bf4217e87c23328ec81c56c7d02':  
  
  > Metadata:
  
  >     major_brand     : M4VP
  
  >     minor_version   : 1
  
  >     compatible_brands: M4VPM4A mp42isom
  
  >     creation_time   : 2008-08-26 17:28:47   Duration: 00:00:08.01, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 944 kb/s
  
  >     Stream #0.0(eng): Video: h264 (Constrained Baseline), yuv420p, 480x272, 815 kb/s, 29.97 fps, 29.97 tbr, 2997 tbn, 5994 tbc
  
  >     Metadata:
  
  >       creation_time   : 2008-08-26 17:28:47
  
  >     Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: aac, 44100 Hz, stereo, s16, 124 kb/s
  
  >     Metadata:
  
  >       creation_time   : 2008-08-26 17:28:47 [buffer @ 0xb685a0] w:480 h:272 pixfmt:yuv420p [scale @ 0xb63280] w:480 h:272 fmt:yuv420p ->
  
  > w:320 h:176 fmt:yuv420p flags:0x4 [libx264 @ 0xb67c20] VBV maxrate
  
  > unspecified, assuming CBR [libx264 @ 0xb67c20] using cpu capabilities:
  
  > MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 FastShuffle SSE4.2 AVX [libx264 @ 0xb67c20]
  
  > profile Main, level 1.3 Output #0, m4v, to
  
  > '/home/ssp/resources/users/11/026468c8f4ea1beee0a585ebc2208137.m4v':  
  
  > Metadata:
  
  >     major_brand     : M4VP
  
  >     minor_version   : 1
  
  >     compatible_brands: M4VPM4A mp42isom
  
  >     creation_time   : 2008-08-26 17:28:47
  
  >     encoder         : Lavf53.21.1
  
  >     Stream #0.0(eng): Video: libx264, yuv420p, 320x176, q=10-51, 512 kb/s, 90k tbn, 29.97 tbc
  
  >     Metadata:
  
  >       creation_time   : 2008-08-26 17:28:47
  
  >     Stream #0.1(eng): Audio: libmp3lame, 44100 Hz, 1 channels, s16, 128 kb/s
  
  >     Metadata:
  
  >       creation_time   : 2008-08-26 17:28:47 Stream mapping:   Stream #0.0 -> #0.0   Stream #0.1 -> #0.1 Press ctrl-c to stop encoding frame=  240 fps=154 q=11.0 Lsize=     642kB time=7.97 bitrate=
  
  > 659.3kbits/s     video:516kB audio:126kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead 0.000000% frame I:1     Avg QP:15.35  size:  9995 [libx264 @
  
  > 0xb67c20] frame P:77    Avg QP:13.25  size:  5419 [libx264 @ 0xb67c20]
  
  > frame B:162   Avg QP:18.31  size:   625 [libx264 @ 0xb67c20]
  
  > consecutive B-frames:  2.5% 12.5% 30.0% 55.0% [libx264 @ 0xb67c20] mb
  
  > I  I16..4:  9.1%  0.0% 90.9% [libx264 @ 0xb67c20] mb P  I16..4:  2.1% 
  
  > 0.0%  2.8%  P16..4: 18.0% 29.9% 44.8%  0.0%  0.0%    skip: 2.3% [libx264 @ 0xb67c20] mb B  I16..4:  0.1%  0.0%  0.0%  B16..8: 35.2%
  
  > 20.2%  1.9%  direct:14.5%  skip:28.1%  L0:26.3% L1:38.1% BI:35.6% [libx264 @ 0xb67c20] coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 83.7% 91.7% 84.7% inter:
  
  > 27.7% 43.4% 13.9% [libx264 @ 0xb67c20] i16 v,h,dc,p: 20% 29% 42%  9% [libx264 @ 0xb67c20] i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 17% 29% 20%  4% 
  
  > 8%  6%  9%  3%  4% [libx264 @ 0xb67c20] i8c dc,h,v,p: 60% 19% 16%  5%
  
  > [libx264 @ 0xb67c20] Weighted P-Frames: Y:2.6% UV:0.0% [libx264 @
  
  > 0xb67c20] ref P L0: 75.6% 13.5%  8.0%  2.8%  0.1% [libx264 @ 0xb67c20]
  
  > ref B L0: 94.5%  5.5% [libx264 @ 0xb67c20] kb/s:528.00

• php ffmpeg thumbnail size won't work

  26 septembre 2017, par Rtra

  In my code I am trying to generate a thumbnail in fixed size from a local hosted videos using ffmpeg but when I put my $default_size variable in command it won’t generate thumbnails I don’t know what I am doing wrong in it.

  Here is my PHP code

  <?php
  
  $default_size = '320x240';
  
  $result_generator = shell_exec("ffmpeg -i $video -deinterlace -an -ss $half -t $half -r 1 -y -vcodec mjpeg -f mjpeg $default_size $thumbnail 2>&1");
  
  if( ! $result_generator) {
  
  throw new Exception('Error creating video thumbnail');
  
  }
  
  print $result_generator . "\n\n";
  
  ?>

• How to encode images to h264 stream using ffmpeg c api ? [on hold]

  8 septembre 2017, par Tarhan

  Edit :
  Is it possible to create series of H264 packets (complete NALs with starting code 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x01) in FFMPEG and in memory only without direct usage of libx264 for encoding frames ?
  If so how to specify FFMPEG’s format context correctly so I can use AVPacket’s data without writing to file ?

  As described below (I’m sorry for a long explanation). When I use only codec context and encode frames using avcodec_send_frame/avcodec_send_frame FFMPEG produce odd output. At least first packet(s) contains header which looks like FFMPEG logo message (hex dump provided below).
  Is it possible to receive packets which contains only NALs ? I think FFMPEG birary provide expected output when I encode in file with .h264 extension. So bottom line I need to setup format context and codec context to reproduce FFMPEG binary behaviour but only in memory.

  Original long explanation :
  I have several devices which I could not modify and do not have complete source code.
  Devices receive UDP stream in custom format. Some UDP frames contains H264 video in some kind of header wrapper.
  After I unwrap packets I have list of complete H264 NALs (all video payload packets starts with 0x00 0x00 0x00 0x01).
  My test decoding similar to one in devices looks like this :
  Init

  H264Parser::H264Parser(IMatConsumer& receiver) :
  
      _receiver(receiver)
  
  {
  
      av_register_all();
  
      _codec = avcodec_find_decoder(AV_CODEC_ID_H264);
  
      _codecContext = avcodec_alloc_context3(_codec);
  
      _codecContext->refcounted_frames = 0;
  
      _codecContext->bit_rate = 0;
  
      _codecContext->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_INPUT_PRESERVED | CODEC_FLAG_LOW_DELAY | CODEC_FLAG_LOOP_FILTER;
  
      if (_codec->capabilities & CODEC_CAP_TRUNCATED)
  
          _codecContext->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_TRUNCATED;
  
      _codecContext->flags2 |= CODEC_FLAG2_CHUNKS | CODEC_FLAG2_NO_OUTPUT | CODEC_FLAG2_FAST;
  
      _codecContext->flags2 |= CODEC_FLAG2_DROP_FRAME_TIMECODE | CODEC_FLAG2_IGNORE_CROP | CODEC_FLAG2_SHOW_ALL;
  
      _codecContext->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
  
      _codecContext->field_order = AV_FIELD_UNKNOWN;
  
      _codecContext->request_sample_fmt = AV_SAMPLE_FMT_NONE;
  
      _codecContext->workaround_bugs = FF_BUG_AUTODETECT;
  
      _codecContext->strict_std_compliance = FF_COMPLIANCE_NORMAL;
  
      _codecContext->error_concealment = FF_EC_DEBLOCK;
  
      _codecContext->idct_algo = FF_IDCT_AUTO;
  
      _codecContext->thread_count = 0;
  
      _codecContext->thread_type = FF_THREAD_FRAME;
  
      _codecContext->thread_safe_callbacks = 0;
  
      _codecContext->skip_loop_filter = AVDISCARD_DEFAULT;
  
      _codecContext->skip_idct = AVDISCARD_DEFAULT;
  
      _codecContext->skip_frame = AVDISCARD_DEFAULT;
  
      _codecContext->pkt_timebase.num = 1;
  
      _codecContext->pkt_timebase.den = -1;
  
      if (avcodec_open2(_codecContext, _codec, nullptr) != 0) {
  
          L_ERROR("Could not open codec");
  
      }
  
      L_INFO("H264 codec opened succesfully");
  
      _frame = av_frame_alloc();
  
      if (_frame == nullptr) {
  
          L_ERROR("Could not allocate single frame");
  
      }
  
      _rgbFrame = av_frame_alloc();
  
      int frameBytesCount = avpicture_get_size(AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24, INITIAL_PICTURE_WIDTH, INITIAL_PICTURE_HEIGHT);
  
      _buffer = (uint8_t*)av_malloc(frameBytesCount * sizeof(frameBytesCount));
  
      avpicture_fill((AVPicture*)_rgbFrame, _buffer, AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24, INITIAL_PICTURE_WIDTH, INITIAL_PICTURE_HEIGHT);
  
      _packet.dts = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
  
      _packet.stream_index = 0;
  
      _packet.flags = 0;
  
      _packet.side_data = nullptr;
  
      _packet.side_data_elems = 0;
  
      _packet.duration = 0;
  
      _packet.pos = -1;
  
      _packet.convergence_duration = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
  
      if (avpicture_alloc(&_rgbPicture, AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24, INITIAL_PICTURE_WIDTH, INITIAL_PICTURE_HEIGHT) != 0) {
  
          L_ERROR("Could not allocate RGB picture");
  
      }
  
      _width = INITIAL_PICTURE_WIDTH;
  
      _height = INITIAL_PICTURE_HEIGHT;
  
      _convertContext = sws_getContext(INITIAL_PICTURE_WIDTH, INITIAL_PICTURE_HEIGHT, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,
  
          INITIAL_PICTURE_WIDTH, INITIAL_PICTURE_HEIGHT, AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24,
  
          SWS_BILINEAR, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
  
      if (_convertContext == nullptr) {
  
          L_ERROR("Faild to initialize SWS convert context");
  
      }
  
      _skipBad = false;
  
      _initialized = true;
  
  }

  Decoding NALs received from unwrapper :

  void H264Parser::handle(const uint8_t * nalUnit, int size)
  
  {
  
      static int packetIndex = 0;
  
      bool result = false;
  
      if (!_initialized)
  
          return;
  
      _packet.buf = nullptr;
  
      _packet.pts = packetIndex;
  
      _packet.data = (uint8_t*)nalUnit;
  
      _packet.size = size;
  
      int frameFinished = 0;
  
      int length = avcodec_decode_video2(_codecContext, _frame, &frameFinished, &_packet);
  
      if (_skipBad) {
  
          L_ERROR("We should not skip bad frames");
  
      }
  
      int width = 0;
  
      int height = 0;
  
      if (((_frame->pict_type == AV_PICTURE_TYPE_I) ||
  
          (_frame->pict_type == AV_PICTURE_TYPE_P) ||
  
          (_frame->pict_type == AV_PICTURE_TYPE_B)) &&
  
          (length > 0) && (frameFinished > 0)) {
  
          L_DEBUG("Found picture type: %d", _frame->pict_type);
  
          if ((_codecContext->width != _width) && (_codecContext->height != _height)) {
  
              if (_convertContext != nullptr) {
  
                  sws_freeContext(_convertContext);
  
                  _convertContext = nullptr;
  
              }
  
              _convertContext = sws_getContext(_codecContext->width, _codecContext->height, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,
  
                  _codecContext->width, _codecContext->height, AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24,
  
                  SWS_BILINEAR, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
  
              if (_convertContext == nullptr) {
  
                  L_ERROR("Could not create SWS convert context for new width and height");
  
                  return;
  
              }
  
              avpicture_free(&_rgbPicture);
  
  
  
              if (avpicture_alloc(&_rgbPicture, AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24, _codecContext->width, _codecContext->height) != 0) {
  
                  L_ERROR("Could not allocate picture for new width and height");
  
              }
  
              _width = _codecContext->width;
  
              _height = _codecContext->height;
  
          }
  
  
  
          if (sws_scale(_convertContext, _frame->data, _frame->linesize, 0, _codecContext->height, _rgbPicture.data, _rgbPicture.linesize) == _codecContext->height) {
  
              width = _codecContext->width;
  
              height = _codecContext->height;
  
              cv::Mat mat(height, width, CV_8UC3, _rgbPicture.data[0], _rgbPicture.linesize[0]);
  
              _receiver.onImage(mat);
  
          }
  
      }
  
  }

  It workings and decode images correctly from existing encoding devices.
  P.S. : There small issue with FFMPEG print warning to console "[h264 @ 00000000024ad860] data partitioning is not implemented.". But I suppose it is problem with encoding devices.

  How is question part.
  I need to create another encoding device with settings compatible with decoding described above.
  From tutorials or other Stack Overflow questions people mostly need to write H264 stream to file or direct to UDP without custom wrapping.
  I need to create NALs packets in memory.

  Can someone provide correct code for initialization and encoding series of images into series of complete NALs packets ?

  I’ve tried to create encoding using following code :
  Init
  

  H264Encoder::H264Encoder(int width, int height, int fpsRationalHigh, int fpsRationalLow) :
  
      _frameCounter(0),
  
      _output("video_encoded.h264", std::ios::binary)
  
  {
  
      av_register_all();
  
      avcodec_register_all();
  
      _codec = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_H264);
  
      if (!_codec) {
  
          L_ERROR("Could not find H264 encoder");
  
          throw std::runtime_error("Could not find H264 encoder");
  
      }
  
  
  
      _codecContext = avcodec_alloc_context3(_codec);
  
      if (!_codecContext) {
  
          L_ERROR("Cound not open codec context for H264 encoder");
  
          throw std::runtime_error("Cound not open codec context for H264 encoder");
  
      }
  
  
  
      _codecContext->width = width;
  
      _codecContext->height = height;
  
      _codecContext->time_base = AVRational{ fpsRationalLow, fpsRationalHigh };
  
      _codecContext->framerate = AVRational{ fpsRationalHigh, fpsRationalLow };
  
      _codecContext->bit_rate = BIT_RATE;
  
      _codecContext->bit_rate_tolerance = 0;
  
      _codecContext->rc_max_rate = 0;
  
      _codecContext->gop_size = GOP_SIZE;
  
      _codecContext->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_LOOP_FILTER; 
  
      // _codecContext->refcounted_frames = 0;
  
      av_opt_set(_codecContext->priv_data, "preset", "fast", 0);
  
      av_opt_set(_codecContext->priv_data, "tune", "zerolatency", 0);
  
      av_opt_set(_codecContext->priv_data, "vprofile", "baseline", 0);
  
  
  
      _codecContext->max_b_frames = 1;
  
      _codecContext->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
  
      //_codecContext->flags |= AV_CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
  
  
  
      if (avcodec_open2(_codecContext, _codec, nullptr) != 0) {
  
          L_ERROR("Could not open codec");
  
          throw std::runtime_error("Could not open codec");
  
      }
  
      L_INFO("H264 codec opened succesfully");
  
      _frame = av_frame_alloc();
  
      if (_frame == nullptr) {
  
          L_ERROR("Could not allocate single frame");
  
      }
  
      _frame->format = _codecContext->pix_fmt;
  
      _frame->width = width;
  
      _frame->height = height;
  
  
  
      av_frame_get_buffer(_frame, 1);
  
  
  
      _rgbFrame = av_frame_alloc();
  
      _rgbFrame->format = AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24;
  
      _rgbFrame->width = width;
  
      _rgbFrame->height = height;
  
      av_frame_get_buffer(_rgbFrame, 1);
  
  
  
      _width = width;
  
      _height = height;
  
      _convertContext = sws_getContext(width, height, AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24,
  
          width, height, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,
  
          SWS_BILINEAR, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
  
      if (_convertContext == nullptr) {
  
          L_ERROR("Faild to initialize SWS convert context");
  
      }
  
      _skipBad = false;
  
      _initialized = true;
  
  }

  Encoding

  void H264Encoder::processImage(const cv::Mat & mat)
  
  {
  
      av_init_packet(&_packet);
  
      _packet.data = nullptr;
  
      _packet.size = 0;
  
      _packet.pts = _frameCounter;
  
      _rgbFrame->data[0] = (uint8_t*)mat.data;
  
  
  
      // av_image_fill_arrays(_rgbFrame->data, _rgbFrame->linesize, _buffer, (AVPixelFormat)_rgbFrame->format, _rgbFrame->width, _rgbFrame->height, 1);
  
      if (sws_scale(_convertContext, _rgbFrame->data, _rgbFrame->linesize, 0, _codecContext->height, _frame->data, _frame->linesize) == _codecContext->height) {
  
          L_DEBUG("BGR frame converted to YUV");
  
      }
  
      else {
  
          L_DEBUG("Could not convert BGR frame to YUV");
  
      }
  
  
  
  
  
      int retSendFrame = avcodec_send_frame(_codecContext, _frame);
  
      int retReceivePacket = avcodec_receive_packet(_codecContext, &_packet);
  
      if (retSendFrame == AVERROR(EAGAIN)) {
  
          L_DEBUG("Buffers are filled");
  
      }
  
      if (retReceivePacket == 0) {
  
          _packet.pts = _frameCounter;
  
          L_DEBUG("Got frame (Frame index: %4d)", _frameCounter);
  
          _output.write((char*)_packet.data, _packet.size);
  
          av_packet_unref(&_packet);
  
      }
  
      else {
  
          L_DEBUG("No frame at moment. (Frame index: %4d)", _frameCounter);
  
      }
  
      _frameCounter++;
  
  }

  But this code produce incorrect output. FFMPEG itself could not understand test ```video_encoded.h264`` file.
  It output errors like this :

  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] decode_slice_header error
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] no frame!
  
  [h264 @ 00000000006da940] non-existing PPS 0 referenced
  
  [h264 @ 00000000026196a0] decoding for stream 0 failed
  
  [h264 @ 00000000026196a0] Could not find codec parameters for stream 0 (Video: h264, none): unspecified size
  
  Consider increasing the value for the 'analyzeduration' and 'probesize' options
  
  Input #0, h264, from 'video_encoded.h264':
  
    Duration: N/A, bitrate: N/A
  
      Stream #0:0: Video: h264, none, 25 fps, 25 tbr, 1200k tbn, 50 tbc
  
  [mp4 @ 00000000026d00a0] dimensions not set
  
  Could not write header for output file #0 (incorrect codec parameters ?): Invalid argument
  
  Stream mapping:
  
    Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (copy)
  
      Last message repeated 1 times

  When I’ve opened file in HEX editor I found FFMPEG logo text (WHY ??) in beginning. It looks like this

  Offset      0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7   8  9  A  B  C  D  E  F
  
  
  
  00000000   00 00 00 01 67 64 00 1F  AC EC 05 00 5B A1 00 00       gd  ¬ì  [¡  
  
  00000010   03 00 01 00 00 03 00 32  8F 18 31 38 00 00 00 01          2  18    
  
  00000020   68 EA EC B2 2C 00 00 01  06 05 FF FF BE DC 45 E9   hêì²,     ÿÿ¾ÜEé
  
  00000030   BD E6 D9 48 B7 96 2C D8  20 D9 23 EE EF 78 32 36   ½æÙH·–,Ø Ù#îïx26
  
  00000040   34 20 2D 20 63 6F 72 65  20 31 35 32 20 72 32 38   4 - core 152 r28
  
  00000050   35 31 20 62 61 32 34 38  39 39 20 2D 20 48 2E 32   51 ba24899 - H.2
  
  00000060   36 34 2F 4D 50 45 47 2D  34 20 41 56 43 20 63 6F   64/MPEG-4 AVC co
  
  00000070   64 65 63 20 2D 20 43 6F  70 79 6C 65 66 74 20 32   dec - Copyleft 2
  
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  I support additional I need to create AVFormatContext and create stream. But I don’t know how to create it for RAW H264 and most important to not write output to file but to memory buffer.

  Can someone help me ?