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Sur d’autres sites (13393)

  • How to create a scheduled task – Introducing the Piwik Platform

    28 août 2014, par Thomas Steur — Development

    This is the next post of our blog series where we introduce the capabilities of the Piwik platform (our previous post was How to create a custom theme in Piwik). This time you’ll learn how to execute scheduled tasks in the background, for instance sending a daily email. For this tutorial you will need to have basic knowledge of PHP.

    What can you do with scheduled tasks ?

    Scheduled tasks let you execute tasks regularly (hourly, weekly, …). For instance you can :

    • create and send custom reports or summaries
    • sync users and websites with other systems
    • clear any caches
    • import third-party data into Piwik
    • monitor your Piwik instance
    • execute any other task you can think of

    Getting started

    In this series of posts, we assume that you have already set up your development environment. If not, visit the Piwik Developer Zone where you’ll find the tutorial Setting up Piwik.

    To summarize the things you have to do to get setup :

    • Install Piwik (for instance via git).
    • Activate the developer mode : ./console development:enable --full.
    • Generate a plugin : ./console generate:plugin --name="MyTasksPlugin". There should now be a folder plugins/MyTasksPlugin.
    • And activate the created plugin under Settings => Plugins.

    Let’s start creating a scheduled task

    We start by using the Piwik Console to create a tasks template :

    ./console generate:scheduledtask

    The command will ask you to enter the name of the plugin the task should belong to. I will simply use the above generated plugin name “MyTasksPlugin”. There should now be a file plugins/MyTasksPlugin/Tasks.php which contains some examples to get you started easily :

    class Tasks extends \Piwik\Plugin\Tasks
    {
       public function schedule()
       {
           $this->hourly('myTask');  // method will be executed once every hour
           $this->daily('myTask');   // method will be executed once every day
           $this->weekly('myTask');  // method will be executed once every week
           $this->monthly('myTask'); // method will be executed once every month

           // pass a parameter to the task
           $this->weekly('myTaskWithParam', 'anystring');

           // specify a different priority
           $this->monthly('myTask', null, self::LOWEST_PRIORITY);
           $this->monthly('myTaskWithParam', 'anystring', self::HIGH_PRIORITY);
       }

       public function myTask()
       {
           // do something
       }

       public function myTaskWithParam($param)
       {
           // do something
       }
    }

    A simple example

    As you can see in the generated template you can execute tasks hourly, daily, weekly and monthly by registering a method which represents the actual task :

    public function schedule()
    {
       // register method remindMeToLogIn to be executed once every day
       $this->daily('remindMeToLogIn');  
    }

    public function remindMeToLogIn()
    {
       $mail = new \Piwik\Mail();
       $mail->addTo('me@example.com');
       $mail->setSubject('Check stats');
       $mail->setBodyText('Log into your Piwik instance and check your stats!');
       $mail->send();
    }

    This example sends you an email once a day to remind you to log into your Piwik daily. The Piwik platform makes sure to execute the method remindMeToLogIn exactly once every day.

    How to pass a parameter to a task

    Sometimes you want to pass a parameter to a task method. This is useful if you want to register for instance one task for each user or for each website. You can achieve this by specifying a second parameter when registering the method to execute.

    public function schedule()
    {
       foreach (\Piwik\Site::getSites() as $site) {
           // create one task for each site and pass the URL of each site to the task
           $this->hourly('pingSite', $site['main_url']);
       }
    }

    public function pingSite($siteMainUrl)
    {
       file_get_contents($siteMainUrl);
    }

    How to test scheduled tasks

    After you have created your task you are surely wondering how to test it. First, you should write a unit or integration test which we will cover in one of our future blog posts. Just one hint : You can use the command ./console generate:test to create a test. To manually execute all scheduled tasks you can execute the API method CoreAdminHome.runScheduledTasks by opening the following URL in your browser :

    http://piwik.example.com/index.php?module=API&method=CoreAdminHome.runScheduledTasks&token_auth=YOUR_API_TOKEN

    Don’t forget to replace the domain and the token_auth URL parameter.

    There is one problem with executing the scheduled tasks : The platform makes sure they will be executed only once an hour, a day, etc. This means you can’t simply reload the URL and test the method again and again as you would have to wait for the next hour or day. The proper solution is to set the constant DEBUG_FORCE_SCHEDULED_TASKS to true within the file Core/TaskScheduler.php. Don’t forget to set it back to false again once you have finished testing it.

    Starting from Piwik 2.6.0 you can alternatively execute the following command :

    ./console core:run-scheduled-tasks --force --token-auth=YOUR_TOKEN_AUTH

    The option “–force” will make sure to execute even tasks that are not due to run at this time. So you won’t have to modify any files.

    Which tasks are registered and when is the next execution time of my task ?

    The TasksTimetable plugin from the Marketplace can answer this question for you. Simply install and activate the plugin with one click by going to Settings => Marketplace => Get new functionality. It’ll add a new admin menu item under Settings named Scheduled Tasks.

    Publishing your Plugin on the Marketplace

    In case you want to share your task(s) with other Piwik users you can do this by pushing your plugin to a public GitHub repository and creating a tag. Easy as that. Read more about how to distribute a plugin.

    Advanced features

    Isn’t it easy to create scheduled tasks ? We never even created a file ! Of course, based on our API design principle “The complexity of our API should never exceed the complexity of your use case.” you can accomplish more if you want. For instance, you can define priorities, you can directly register methods from different objects and classes, you can specify at which time of a day a task should run and more.

    Would you like to know more about tasks ? Go to our Tasks class reference in the Piwik Developer Zone.

    If you have any feedback regarding our APIs or our guides in the Developer Zone feel free to send it to us.

  • How to create a scheduled task – Introducing the Piwik Platform

    28 août 2014, par Thomas Steur — Development

    This is the next post of our blog series where we introduce the capabilities of the Piwik platform (our previous post was How to create a custom theme in Piwik). This time you’ll learn how to execute scheduled tasks in the background, for instance sending a daily email. For this tutorial you will need to have basic knowledge of PHP.

    What can you do with scheduled tasks ?

    Scheduled tasks let you execute tasks regularly (hourly, weekly, …). For instance you can :

    • create and send custom reports or summaries
    • sync users and websites with other systems
    • clear any caches
    • import third-party data into Piwik
    • monitor your Piwik instance
    • execute any other task you can think of

    Getting started

    In this series of posts, we assume that you have already set up your development environment. If not, visit the Piwik Developer Zone where you’ll find the tutorial Setting up Piwik.

    To summarize the things you have to do to get setup :

    • Install Piwik (for instance via git).
    • Activate the developer mode : ./console development:enable --full.
    • Generate a plugin : ./console generate:plugin --name="MyTasksPlugin". There should now be a folder plugins/MyTasksPlugin.
    • And activate the created plugin under Settings => Plugins.

    Let’s start creating a scheduled task

    We start by using the Piwik Console to create a tasks template :

    ./console generate:scheduledtask

    The command will ask you to enter the name of the plugin the task should belong to. I will simply use the above generated plugin name “MyTasksPlugin”. There should now be a file plugins/MyTasksPlugin/Tasks.php which contains some examples to get you started easily :

    class Tasks extends \Piwik\Plugin\Tasks
    {
       public function schedule()
       {
           $this->hourly('myTask');  // method will be executed once every hour
           $this->daily('myTask');   // method will be executed once every day
           $this->weekly('myTask');  // method will be executed once every week
           $this->monthly('myTask'); // method will be executed once every month

           // pass a parameter to the task
           $this->weekly('myTaskWithParam', 'anystring');

           // specify a different priority
           $this->monthly('myTask', null, self::LOWEST_PRIORITY);
           $this->monthly('myTaskWithParam', 'anystring', self::HIGH_PRIORITY);
       }

       public function myTask()
       {
           // do something
       }

       public function myTaskWithParam($param)
       {
           // do something
       }
    }

    A simple example

    As you can see in the generated template you can execute tasks hourly, daily, weekly and monthly by registering a method which represents the actual task :

    public function schedule()
    {
       // register method remindMeToLogIn to be executed once every day
       $this->daily('remindMeToLogIn');  
    }

    public function remindMeToLogIn()
    {
       $mail = new \Piwik\Mail();
       $mail->addTo('me@example.com');
       $mail->setSubject('Check stats');
       $mail->setBodyText('Log into your Piwik instance and check your stats!');
       $mail->send();
    }

    This example sends you an email once a day to remind you to log into your Piwik daily. The Piwik platform makes sure to execute the method remindMeToLogIn exactly once every day.

    How to pass a parameter to a task

    Sometimes you want to pass a parameter to a task method. This is useful if you want to register for instance one task for each user or for each website. You can achieve this by specifying a second parameter when registering the method to execute.

    public function schedule()
    {
       foreach (\Piwik\Site::getSites() as $site) {
           // create one task for each site and pass the URL of each site to the task
           $this->hourly('pingSite', $site['main_url']);
       }
    }

    public function pingSite($siteMainUrl)
    {
       file_get_contents($siteMainUrl);
    }

    How to test scheduled tasks

    After you have created your task you are surely wondering how to test it. First, you should write a unit or integration test which we will cover in one of our future blog posts. Just one hint : You can use the command ./console generate:test to create a test. To manually execute all scheduled tasks you can execute the API method CoreAdminHome.runScheduledTasks by opening the following URL in your browser :

    http://piwik.example.com/index.php?module=API&method=CoreAdminHome.runScheduledTasks&token_auth=YOUR_API_TOKEN

    Don’t forget to replace the domain and the token_auth URL parameter.

    There is one problem with executing the scheduled tasks : The platform makes sure they will be executed only once an hour, a day, etc. This means you can’t simply reload the URL and test the method again and again as you would have to wait for the next hour or day. The proper solution is to set the constant DEBUG_FORCE_SCHEDULED_TASKS to true within the file Core/TaskScheduler.php. Don’t forget to set it back to false again once you have finished testing it.

    Starting from Piwik 2.6.0 you can alternatively execute the following command :

    ./console core:run-scheduled-tasks --force --token-auth=YOUR_TOKEN_AUTH

    The option “–force” will make sure to execute even tasks that are not due to run at this time. So you won’t have to modify any files.

    Which tasks are registered and when is the next execution time of my task ?

    The TasksTimetable plugin from the Marketplace can answer this question for you. Simply install and activate the plugin with one click by going to Settings => Marketplace => Get new functionality. It’ll add a new admin menu item under Settings named Scheduled Tasks.

    Publishing your Plugin on the Marketplace

    In case you want to share your task(s) with other Piwik users you can do this by pushing your plugin to a public GitHub repository and creating a tag. Easy as that. Read more about how to distribute a plugin.

    Advanced features

    Isn’t it easy to create scheduled tasks ? We never even created a file ! Of course, based on our API design principle “The complexity of our API should never exceed the complexity of your use case.” you can accomplish more if you want. For instance, you can define priorities, you can directly register methods from different objects and classes, you can specify at which time of a day a task should run and more.

    Would you like to know more about tasks ? Go to our Tasks class reference in the Piwik Developer Zone.

    If you have any feedback regarding our APIs or our guides in the Developer Zone feel free to send it to us.

  • C++ ffmpeg lib version 7.0 - noice in exported audio

    2 septembre 2024, par Chris P

    I want to make a C++ lib named cppdub which will mimic the python module pydub.

    


    One main function is to export the AudioSegment to a file with a specific format (example : mp3).

    


    The code is :

    


    AudioSegment AudioSegment::from_file(const std::string&amp; file_path, const std::string&amp; format, const std::string&amp; codec,&#xA;    const std::map&amp; parameters, int start_second, int duration) {&#xA;&#xA;    avformat_network_init();&#xA;    av_log_set_level(AV_LOG_ERROR); // Adjust logging level as needed&#xA;&#xA;    AVFormatContext* format_ctx = nullptr;&#xA;    if (avformat_open_input(&amp;format_ctx, file_path.c_str(), nullptr, nullptr) != 0) {&#xA;        std::cerr &lt;&lt; "Error: Could not open audio file." &lt;&lt; std::endl;&#xA;        return AudioSegment();  // Return an empty AudioSegment on failure&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    if (avformat_find_stream_info(format_ctx, nullptr) &lt; 0) {&#xA;        std::cerr &lt;&lt; "Error: Could not find stream information." &lt;&lt; std::endl;&#xA;        avformat_close_input(&amp;format_ctx);&#xA;        return AudioSegment();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    int audio_stream_index = -1;&#xA;    for (unsigned int i = 0; i &lt; format_ctx->nb_streams; i&#x2B;&#x2B;) {&#xA;        if (format_ctx->streams[i]->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {&#xA;            audio_stream_index = i;&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    if (audio_stream_index == -1) {&#xA;        std::cerr &lt;&lt; "Error: Could not find audio stream." &lt;&lt; std::endl;&#xA;        avformat_close_input(&amp;format_ctx);&#xA;        return AudioSegment();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    AVCodecParameters* codec_par = format_ctx->streams[audio_stream_index]->codecpar;&#xA;    const AVCodec* my_codec = avcodec_find_decoder(codec_par->codec_id);&#xA;    AVCodecContext* codec_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(my_codec);&#xA;&#xA;    if (avcodec_parameters_to_context(codec_ctx, codec_par) &lt; 0) {&#xA;        std::cerr &lt;&lt; "Error: Could not initialize codec context." &lt;&lt; std::endl;&#xA;        avformat_close_input(&amp;format_ctx);&#xA;        return AudioSegment();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    if (avcodec_open2(codec_ctx, my_codec, nullptr) &lt; 0) {&#xA;        std::cerr &lt;&lt; "Error: Could not open codec." &lt;&lt; std::endl;&#xA;        avcodec_free_context(&amp;codec_ctx);&#xA;        avformat_close_input(&amp;format_ctx);&#xA;        return AudioSegment();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    SwrContext* swr_ctx = swr_alloc();&#xA;    if (!swr_ctx) {&#xA;        std::cerr &lt;&lt; "Error: Could not allocate SwrContext." &lt;&lt; std::endl;&#xA;        avcodec_free_context(&amp;codec_ctx);&#xA;        avformat_close_input(&amp;format_ctx);&#xA;        return AudioSegment();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    av_opt_set_chlayout(swr_ctx, "in_chlayout", &amp;codec_ctx->ch_layout, 0);&#xA;    av_opt_set_int(swr_ctx, "in_sample_rate", codec_ctx->sample_rate, 0);&#xA;    av_opt_set_sample_fmt(swr_ctx, "in_sample_fmt", codec_ctx->sample_fmt, 0);&#xA;&#xA;    AVChannelLayout dst_ch_layout;&#xA;    av_channel_layout_copy(&amp;dst_ch_layout, &amp;codec_ctx->ch_layout);&#xA;    av_channel_layout_uninit(&amp;dst_ch_layout);&#xA;    av_channel_layout_default(&amp;dst_ch_layout, 2);&#xA;&#xA;    av_opt_set_chlayout(swr_ctx, "out_chlayout", &amp;dst_ch_layout, 0);&#xA;    av_opt_set_int(swr_ctx, "out_sample_rate", 48000, 0);&#xA;    av_opt_set_sample_fmt(swr_ctx, "out_sample_fmt", AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S16, 0);&#xA;&#xA;    if (swr_init(swr_ctx) &lt; 0) {&#xA;        std::cerr &lt;&lt; "Error: Failed to initialize the resampling context" &lt;&lt; std::endl;&#xA;        swr_free(&amp;swr_ctx);&#xA;        avcodec_free_context(&amp;codec_ctx);&#xA;        avformat_close_input(&amp;format_ctx);&#xA;        return AudioSegment();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    AVPacket packet;&#xA;    AVFrame* frame = av_frame_alloc();&#xA;    if (!frame) {&#xA;        std::cerr &lt;&lt; "Error: Could not allocate frame." &lt;&lt; std::endl;&#xA;        swr_free(&amp;swr_ctx);&#xA;        avcodec_free_context(&amp;codec_ctx);&#xA;        avformat_close_input(&amp;format_ctx);&#xA;        return AudioSegment();&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    std::vector<char> output;&#xA;    while (av_read_frame(format_ctx, &amp;packet) >= 0) {&#xA;        if (packet.stream_index == audio_stream_index) {&#xA;            if (avcodec_send_packet(codec_ctx, &amp;packet) == 0) {&#xA;                while (avcodec_receive_frame(codec_ctx, frame) == 0) {&#xA;                    if (frame->pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {&#xA;                        frame->pts = av_rescale_q(frame->pts, codec_ctx->time_base, format_ctx->streams[audio_stream_index]->time_base);&#xA;                    }&#xA;&#xA;                    uint8_t* output_buffer;&#xA;                    int output_samples = av_rescale_rnd(&#xA;                        swr_get_delay(swr_ctx, codec_ctx->sample_rate) &#x2B; frame->nb_samples,&#xA;                        48000, codec_ctx->sample_rate, AV_ROUND_UP);&#xA;&#xA;                    int output_buffer_size = av_samples_get_buffer_size(&#xA;                        nullptr, 2, output_samples, AV_SAMPLE_FMT_S16, 1);&#xA;&#xA;                    output_buffer = (uint8_t*)av_malloc(output_buffer_size);&#xA;&#xA;                    if (output_buffer) {&#xA;                        memset(output_buffer, 0, output_buffer_size); // Zero padding to avoid random noise&#xA;                        int converted_samples = swr_convert(swr_ctx, &amp;output_buffer, output_samples,&#xA;                            (const uint8_t**)frame->extended_data, frame->nb_samples);&#xA;&#xA;                        if (converted_samples >= 0) {&#xA;                            output.insert(output.end(), output_buffer, output_buffer &#x2B; output_buffer_size);&#xA;                        }&#xA;                        else {&#xA;                            std::cerr &lt;&lt; "Error: Failed to convert audio samples." &lt;&lt; std::endl;&#xA;                        }&#xA;&#xA;                        av_free(output_buffer);&#xA;                    }&#xA;                    else {&#xA;                        std::cerr &lt;&lt; "Error: Could not allocate output buffer." &lt;&lt; std::endl;&#xA;                    }&#xA;                }&#xA;            }&#xA;            else {&#xA;                std::cerr &lt;&lt; "Error: Failed to send packet to codec context." &lt;&lt; std::endl;&#xA;            }&#xA;        }&#xA;        av_packet_unref(&amp;packet);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    av_frame_free(&amp;frame);&#xA;    swr_free(&amp;swr_ctx);&#xA;    avcodec_free_context(&amp;codec_ctx);&#xA;    avformat_close_input(&amp;format_ctx);&#xA;&#xA;    std::map metadata = {&#xA;        {"sample_width", 2},&#xA;        {"frame_rate", 48000},&#xA;        {"channels", 2},&#xA;        {"frame_width", 4}&#xA;    };&#xA;&#xA;    return AudioSegment(static_cast<const>(output.data()), output.size(), metadata);&#xA;}&#xA;&#xA;&#xA;std::ofstream AudioSegment::export_segment(std::string&amp; out_f,&#xA;    const std::string&amp; format,&#xA;    const std::string&amp; codec,&#xA;    const std::string&amp; bitrate,&#xA;    const std::vector&amp; parameters,&#xA;    const std::map&amp; tags,&#xA;    const std::string&amp; id3v2_version,&#xA;    const std::string&amp; cover) {&#xA;    av_log_set_level(AV_LOG_DEBUG);&#xA;    AVCodecContext* codec_ctx = nullptr;&#xA;    AVFormatContext* format_ctx = nullptr;&#xA;    AVStream* stream = nullptr;&#xA;    AVFrame* frame = nullptr;&#xA;    AVPacket* pkt = nullptr;&#xA;    int ret;&#xA;&#xA;    // Open output file&#xA;    std::ofstream out_file(out_f, std::ios::binary);&#xA;    if (!out_file) {&#xA;        throw std::runtime_error("Failed to open output file.");&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Initialize format context&#xA;    avformat_alloc_output_context2(&amp;format_ctx, nullptr, format.c_str(), out_f.c_str());&#xA;    if (!format_ctx) {&#xA;        throw std::runtime_error("Could not allocate format context.");&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Find encoder&#xA;    const AVCodec* codec_ptr = avcodec_find_encoder_by_name(codec.c_str());&#xA;    if (!codec_ptr) {&#xA;        throw std::runtime_error("Codec not found.");&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Add stream&#xA;    stream = avformat_new_stream(format_ctx, codec_ptr);&#xA;    if (!stream) {&#xA;        throw std::runtime_error("Failed to create new stream.");&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Allocate codec context&#xA;    codec_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec_ptr);&#xA;    if (!codec_ctx) {&#xA;        throw std::runtime_error("Could not allocate audio codec context.");&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Set codec parameters&#xA;    codec_ctx->bit_rate = std::stoi(bitrate);&#xA;    codec_ctx->sample_fmt = codec_ptr->sample_fmts ? codec_ptr->sample_fmts[0] : AV_SAMPLE_FMT_FLTP;&#xA;    codec_ctx->sample_rate = frame_rate_;&#xA;    codec_ctx->ch_layout.nb_channels = this->get_channels();&#xA;    AVChannelLayout ch_layout_1;&#xA;    av_channel_layout_uninit(&amp;ch_layout_1);&#xA;    av_channel_layout_default(&amp;ch_layout_1, this->get_channels());&#xA;    codec_ctx->ch_layout = ch_layout_1;&#xA;&#xA;    // Open codec&#xA;    ret = avcodec_open2(codec_ctx, codec_ptr, nullptr);&#xA;    if (ret &lt; 0) {&#xA;        throw std::runtime_error("Could not open codec.");&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Initialize packet&#xA;    pkt = av_packet_alloc();&#xA;    if (!pkt) {&#xA;        throw std::runtime_error("Could not allocate AVPacket.");&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Initialize frame&#xA;    frame = av_frame_alloc();&#xA;    if (!frame) {&#xA;        throw std::runtime_error("Could not allocate AVFrame.");&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    frame->nb_samples = codec_ctx->frame_size;&#xA;    frame->format = codec_ctx->sample_fmt;&#xA;    frame->ch_layout = codec_ctx->ch_layout;&#xA;    frame->sample_rate = codec_ctx->sample_rate;&#xA;&#xA;    // Allocate data buffer&#xA;    ret = av_frame_get_buffer(frame, 0);&#xA;    if (ret &lt; 0) {&#xA;        throw std::runtime_error("Could not allocate audio data buffers.");&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Encode frames&#xA;    int samples_read = 0;&#xA;    while (samples_read &lt; data_.size()) {&#xA;        ret = av_frame_make_writable(frame);&#xA;        if (ret &lt; 0) {&#xA;            throw std::runtime_error("Frame not writable.");&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // Determine the number of samples to copy into the frame&#xA;        int frame_size = std::min<int>(codec_ctx->frame_size, (data_.size() - samples_read) / frame_width_);&#xA;        int buffer_size = frame_size * frame_width_;&#xA;&#xA;        // Clear the frame data to avoid artifacts from previous data&#xA;        std::memset(frame->data[0], 0, codec_ctx->frame_size * frame_width_);&#xA;&#xA;        // Copy the actual audio data into the frame&#xA;        std::memcpy(frame->data[0], data_.data() &#x2B; samples_read, buffer_size);&#xA;        samples_read &#x2B;= buffer_size;&#xA;&#xA;        // If the frame is partially filled, pad the remaining part with zeros&#xA;        if (frame_size &lt; codec_ctx->frame_size) {&#xA;            std::memset(frame->data[0] &#x2B; buffer_size, 0, (codec_ctx->frame_size - frame_size) * frame_width_);&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // Send the frame for encoding&#xA;        ret = avcodec_send_frame(codec_ctx, frame);&#xA;        if (ret &lt; 0) {&#xA;            throw std::runtime_error("Error sending frame for encoding.");&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        // Receive and write packets&#xA;        while (ret >= 0) {&#xA;            ret = avcodec_receive_packet(codec_ctx, pkt);&#xA;            if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF) {&#xA;                break;&#xA;            }&#xA;            else if (ret &lt; 0) {&#xA;                throw std::runtime_error("Error encoding frame.");&#xA;            }&#xA;&#xA;            out_file.write(reinterpret_cast(pkt->data), pkt->size);&#xA;            av_packet_unref(pkt);&#xA;        }&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // **Explicitly flush the encoder**&#xA;    ret = avcodec_send_frame(codec_ctx, nullptr);&#xA;    if (ret &lt; 0) {&#xA;        throw std::runtime_error("Error flushing the encoder.");&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Receive and write remaining packets after flushing&#xA;    while (ret >= 0) {&#xA;        ret = avcodec_receive_packet(codec_ctx, pkt);&#xA;        if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF) {&#xA;            break;&#xA;        }&#xA;        else if (ret &lt; 0) {&#xA;            throw std::runtime_error("Error encoding frame during flush.");&#xA;        }&#xA;&#xA;        out_file.write(reinterpret_cast(pkt->data), pkt->size);&#xA;        av_packet_unref(pkt);&#xA;    }&#xA;&#xA;    // Cleanup&#xA;    av_frame_free(&amp;frame);&#xA;    av_packet_free(&amp;pkt);&#xA;    avcodec_free_context(&amp;codec_ctx);&#xA;    avformat_free_context(format_ctx);&#xA;&#xA;    return out_file;&#xA;}&#xA;</int></const></char>

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    I have no run time error but i see this message in console :

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    [libmp3lame @ 000002d26b239ac0] Trying to remove 47 more samples than there are in the queue&#xA;

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    I can play the exported mp3 file but there is background noise.

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