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• Naive Sorenson Video 1 Encoder

  12 septembre 2010, par Multimedia Mike — General

  (Yes, the word is “naive” — or rather, “naïve” — not “native”. People always try to correct me when I use the word. Indeed, it should actually be written with 2 dots over the ‘i’ but who has a keyboard that can easily do that ?)

  At the most primitive level, programming a video encoder is about writing out a sequence of bits that the corresponding video decoder will understand. It’s sort of like creating a program — represented as a stream of opcodes — that will run on a given microprocessor or virtual machine. In fact, reading a video codec bitstream specification will reveal a lot of terminology along the lines of “transmitting information to the decoder” or “signaling the decoder to do xyz.”

  Creating a good encoder that will deliver decent quality at a reasonable bitrate is difficult. Creating a naive encoder that produces a technically compliant bitstream, not so much.

  
  
  

  When I wrote an FFmpeg encoder for Sorenson Video 1 (SVQ1), the first step was to just create a minimally compliant bitstream. The coarsest encoding mode that SVQ1 allows is to encode the average (mean) of each 16×16 block of samples. So I created an encoder that just encoded the mean of each block. Apple’s QuickTime Player was able to play the resulting video in all of its blocky glory. The result rather reminds me of the Super Nintendo’s mosaic effect.

  Level 5 blocks (mean-only 16×16 encoding) :
  

  
  
  

  Level 3 blocks (mean-only 8×8 encoding) :
  

  
  
  

  It’s one thing for your own decoder (in this case, FFmpeg’s own decoder) to be able to decode the data. The big test is whether the official decoder (in this case, Apple QuickTime Player) can decode the file.

  
  
  

  Now that’s a good feeling. After establishing that sort of baseline, it’s possible to adapt more and more features of the codec.

• Can not add thumbnail image to MP4 using FFMPEG CLI

  5 novembre 2019, par Youssof H.

  After searching for hours, about the easiest solution for adding a thumbnail to an MP4 using a CLI, I came back to the start "FFMPEG". Though I skipped it at first wishing I will get a working tool but no, I will stick to "FFMPEG".

  Even after updating the repository ==> Same issue.

  I followed the exact code present at the official documentation that says :

  ffmpeg -i path/to/in.mp4 -i path/to/IMAGE.png -map 0 -map 1 -c copy -c:v:1 png -disposition:v:1 attached_pic path/to/out.mp4

  The following error log shows :

  Stream mapping:
  
    Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (copy)
  
    Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (copy)
  
    Stream #1:0 -> #0:2 (mjpeg (native) -> png (native))
  
  Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
  
  [swscaler @ 0x1fd0860] deprecated pixel format used, make sure you did set range correctly
  
  [swscaler @ 0x1fd0860] No accelerated colorspace conversion found from yuv420p to rgb24.
  
  [mp4 @ 0x1f747e0] track 1: codec frame size is not set
  
  [mp4 @ 0x1f747e0] opus in MP4 support is experimental, add '-strict -2' if you want to use it.
  
  Could not write header for output file #0 (incorrect codec parameters ?): Experimental feature
  
  Error initializing output stream 0:2 -- 
  
  Conversion failed!

  I have no idea how to fix this. I read the issues forum of the website but I did not find a similar issue. So I hope you guys will give a hand.

  Any suggested edits will be taken into consideration.

  Edit1 :

  Test1 : I brought an image(thumbnail) from the video itself and ran the command.

  Test2 : I brought a unique image(thumbnail) with different resolutions than the video yet the same error appears.

  ==>Useless

  Edit2 :

  First :

  After fixing my command to be like this
  ffmpeg -i path/to/in.mp4 -i path/to/IMAGE.png -map 0 -map 1 -c copy -c:v:1 png -disposition:v:1 attached_pic -strict -2 path/to/out.mp4
  I viewed the thumbnail using VLC (video player) so it showed up at first. But when I replaced the video and the thumbnail image with others I ran the command it runned smoothly, untill I viewed thumbnail again using VLC it showed the old thumbnail image it seemed to be cached somewhere during "FFMPEG" process. I had to delete the folder and make a new one in order to update the new thumbnail, but again it "caches" the first thumbnail used and shows it in VLC.

  Is it an issue from VLC or the "FFMPEG" is doing something weird ?

  Second :

  After I had the thumbnail showing up in VLC I wanted to test this feature by sending it to a contact on WhatsApp but it didn’t show. After a little search, I realized it might be connected to "og:image" metadata. Is there a way to edit this using CLI ?

  Third :

  Further, the video embedded with a thumbnail doesn’t play on Windows nor on iPhone nor on Android. When I open this using windows media player it says

  Windows Media Player cannot play the file. The Player might not support the file type or might not support the codec that was used to compress the file.

  From here I think there is something I have to do with the codec.

  Note : the thumbnail shows in Windows File Explorer (but can not play video)

  Do you have any idea ?

• ffprobe to bitrate variable stopped working

  6 novembre 2023, par Bricktop

  I have a simple script to encode a video using the same bitrate as the original. I use ffprobe to fetch the bitrate like this :

  


  ffprobe "%file%" -v 0 -select_streams v:0 -show_entries stream=bit_rate -print_format compact=p=0:nokey=1 >%temp%\bitrate.txt


  


  However, while fixing a but in the script where I had an odd number of " marks, I suddenly ran into this problem with ffprobe :

  


  Argument ' -v 0 -select_streams v:0 -show_entries stream=bit_rate -print_format compact=p=0:nokey=1 >C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\bitrate.txt' provided as input filename, but 'D:\VIDEO\AMBIANCE\SCOPITONE\MUSIC TELEVISION\This Here - Calm - OFFICIAL VIDEO (1080p 25fps AV1-128kbit AAC).mp4' was already specified.


  


  I am trying to understand this, scanning insanely for yet another " or something in my code but can't figure it out. Here is the full code :

  


  :: write file to queue (first)
move /y "%~dpn0.txt" "%temp%\%~n0.tmp" >nul
echo "%~1" >"%~dpn0.txt"
type "%temp%\%~n0.tmp" >>"%~dpn0.txt"

:: desyncronize instances (todo: try support for adding 9 files at a time)
timeout /t %time:~9,1% /nobreak
:: if not first instance exit
tasklist /fi "imagename eq handbrakecli.exe" | find /i "handbrakecli" && exit
title Transcode

:: delegate queue
for /f "delims=" %%f in (%~dpn0.txt) do (
    set "name=%%~nf"
    set "file=%%~f"
    rem todo: if file has x264 or other video codec mentioned, change to x265
    set "code=%%~dpnf (x265 transcoded)%%~xf"
    call :transcode
)
echo all done!
exit /b

:transcode
title "%name%"
if not exist "%file%" echo %date% %time% source file missing %file% >>%~dpn0.log & goto cleanup
if exist "%code%" echo %date% %time% target file exists %file% >>%~dpn0.log & goto cleanup

:: determine appropriate bitrate (does not seem to work on .webm files, closing the script as a result)
%~dp0ffprobe "%file%" -v 0 -select_streams v:0 -show_entries stream=bit_rate -print_format compact=p=0:nokey=1 >%temp%\bitrate.txt
set /p bitrate=<%temp%\bitrate.txt
:: reduce to full kilobytes
set "bitrate=%bitrate:~0,-3%"
if not defined bitrate echo failed to fetch bitrate & echo %date% %time% no bitrate for %file% >>%~dpn0.log & exit /b
if %bitrate% gtr 7000 set bitrate=7000

:: transcode
%~dp0HandBrakeCLI -i "%file%" -o "%code%" --encoder x265_10bit --encoder-preset slow --encoder-profile main444-10 --vb %bitrate% --two-pass --turbo --audio 1-9 --aencoder copy --audio-copy-mask aac,ac3,mp2,mp3,opus --audio-fallback opus --ab 160 --drc 2.0

:: remove current file from queue, regardless
:cleanup
findstr /v /c:"%file%" "%~dpn0.txt" >"%temp%\%~n0.tmp"
move /y "%temp%\%~n0.tmp" "%~dpn0.txt"


  


  It appears that the set "file=%%~f" is the problem, somehow it shows up as set "file=D:\VIDEO\this video here.mp4" " where the last two characters " should not belong, and I don't know what to change to fix this.

  


  Every type of improvement to the script is very welcomed !