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• Notes on Linux for Dreamcast

  23 février 2011, par Multimedia Mike — Sega Dreamcast, VP8

  I wanted to write down some notes about compiling Linux on Dreamcast (which I have yet to follow through to success). But before I do, allow me to follow up on my last post where I got Google’s libvpx library decoding VP8 video on the DC. Remember when I said the graphics hardware could only process variations of RGB color formats ? I was mistaken. Reading over some old documentation, I noticed that the DC’s PowerVR hardware can also handle packed YUV textures (UYVY, specifically) :

  
  
  

  The video looks pretty sharp in the small photo. Up close, less so, due to the low resolution and high quantization of the test vector combined with the naive chroma upscaling. For the curious, the grey box surrounding the image highlights the 256-square texture that the video frame gets plotted on. Texture dimensions have to be powers of 2.

  Notes on Linux for Dreamcast
  I’ve occasionally dabbled with Linux on my Dreamcast. There’s an ancient (circa 2001) distro based around a build of kernel 2.4.5 out there. But I wanted to try to get something more current compiled. Thus far, I have figured out how to cross compile kernels pretty handily but have been unsuccessful in making them run.

  Here are notes are the compilation portion :
  

  • kernel.org provides a very useful set of cross compiling toolchains
  • get the gcc 4.5.1 cross toolchain for SH-4 (the gcc 4.3.3 one won’t work because the binutils is too old ; it will fail to assemble certain instructions as described in this post)
  • working off of Linux kernel 2.6.37, edit the top-level Makefile ; find the ARCH and CROSS_COMPILE variables and set appropriately :

    ARCH ?= sh
    CROSS_COMPILE ?= /path/to/gcc-4.5.1-nolibc/sh4-linux/bin/sh4-linux-
    

  • $ make dreamcast_defconfig
  • $ make menuconfig ... if any changes to the default configuration are desired
  • manually edit arch/sh/Makefile, changing :

    cflags-$(CONFIG_CPU_SH4) := $(call cc-option,-m4,) \
            $(call cc-option,-mno-implicit-fp,-m4-nofpu)
    

    to :

    cflags-$(CONFIG_CPU_SH4) := $(call cc-option,-m4,) \
            $(call cc-option,-mno-implicit-fp)
    

    I.e., remove the '-m4-nofpu' option. According to the gcc man page, this will "Generate code for the SH4 without a floating-point unit." Why this is a default is a mystery since the DC’s SH-4 has an FPU and compilation fails when enabling this option.

  • On that note, I was always under the impression that the DC sported an SH-4 CPU with the model number SH7750. According to this LinuxSH wiki page as well as the Linux kernel help, it actually has an SH7091 variant. This photo of the physical DC hardware corroborates the model number.
  • $ make ... to build a Linux kernel for the Sega Dreamcast

  Running
  So I can compile the kernel but running the kernel (the resulting vmlinux ELF file) gives me trouble. The default kernel ELF file reports an entry point of 0x8c002000. Attempting to upload this through the serial uploading facility I have available to me triggers a system reset almost immediately, probably because that’s the same place that the bootloader calls home. I have attempted to alter the starting address via ’make menuconfig’ -> System type -> Memory management options -> Physical memory start address. This allows the upload to complete but it still does not run. It’s worth noting that the 2.4.5 vmlinux file from the old distribution can be executed when uploaded through the serial loader, and it begins at 0x8c210000.

• I Really Like My New EeePC

  29 août 2010, par Multimedia Mike — General

  Fair warning : I’m just going to use this post to blather disconnectedly about a new-ish toy.

  I really like my new EeePC. I was rather enamored with the original EeePC 701 from late 2007, a little box with a tiny 7″ screen that is credited with kicking off the netbook revolution. Since then, Asus has created about a hundred new EeePC models.

  Since I’m spending so much time on a train these days, I finally took the plunge to get a better netbook. I decided to stay loyal to Asus and their Eee lineage and got the highest end EeePC they presently offer (which was still under US$500)– the EeePC 1201PN. The ’12′ in the model number represents a 12″ screen size and the rest of the specs are commensurately as large. Indeed, it sort of blurs the line between netbook and full-blown laptop.

  
  
  

  Incidentally, after I placed the order for the 1201PN nearly 2 months ago, and I mean the very literal next moment, this Engadget headline came across announcing the EeePC 1215N. My new high-end (such as it is) computer purchase was immediately obsoleted ; I thought that only happened in parody. (As of this writing, the 1215N still doesn’t appear to be shipping, though.)

  It’s a sore point among Linux aficionados that Linux was used to help kickstart the netbook trend but that now it’s pretty much impossible to find Linux pre-installed on a netbook. So it is in this case. This 1201PN comes with Windows 7 Home Premium installed. This is a notable differentiator from most netbooks which only have Windows 7 Home Starter, a.k.a., the Windows 7 version so crippled that it doesn’t even allow the user to change the background image.

  I wished to preserve the Windows 7 installation (you never know when it will come in handy) and dual boot Linux. I thought I would have to use the Windows partition tool to divide work some magic. Fortunately, the default installation already carved the 250 GB HD in half ; I was able to reformat the second partition and install Linux. The details are a little blurry, but I’m pretty sure one of those external USB optical drives shown in my last post actually performed successfully for this task. Lucky break.

  
  
  The EeePC 1201PN, EeePC 701, Belco Alpha-400, and even a comparatively gargantuan Sony Vaio full laptop– all of the portable computers in the household
  

  So I got Ubuntu 10.04 Linux installed in short order. This feels like something of a homecoming for me. You see, I used Linux full-time at home from 1999-2006. In 2007, I switched to using Windows XP full-time, mostly because my home use-case switched to playing a lot of old, bad computer games. By the end of 2008, I had transitioned to using the Mac Mini that I had originally purchased earlier that year for running FATE cycles. That Mac served as my main home computer until I purchased the 1201PN 2 months ago.

  Mostly, I have this overriding desire for computers to just work, at least in their basic functions. And that’s why I’m so roundly impressed with the way Linux handles right out of the box. Nearly everything on the 1201PN works in Linux. The video, the audio, the wireless networking, the webcam, it all works out of the box. I had to do the extra installation step to get the binary nVidia drivers installed but even that’s relatively seamless, especially compared to “the way things used to be” (drop to a prompt, run some binary installer from the prompt as root, watch it fail in arcane ways because the thing is only certified to run on one version of one Linux distribution). The 1201PN, with its nVidia Ion2 graphics, is able to drive both its own 1366×768 screen simultaneously with an external monitor running at up on 2560×1600.

  The only weird hiccup in the whole process was that I had a little trouble with the special volume keys on the keyboard (specifically, the volume up/down/mute keys didn’t do anything). But I quickly learned that I had to install some package related to ACPI and they magically started to do the right thing. Now I get to encounter the Linux Flash Player bug where modifying volume via those special keys forces fullscreen mode to exit. Adobe really should fix that.

  Also, trackpad multitouch gestures don’t work right away. Based on my reading, it is possible to set those up in Linux. But it’s largely a preference thing– I don’t care much for multitouch. This creates a disparity when I use Windows 7 on the 1201PN which is configured per default to use multitouch.

  
  
  The same 4 laptops stacked up
  

  So, in short, I’m really happy with this little machine. Traditionally, I have had absolutely no affinity for laptops/notebooks/portable computers at all even if everyone around was always completely enamored with the devices. What changed for me ? Well for starters, as a long-time Linux user, I was used to having to invest in very specific, carefully-researched hardware lest I not be able to use it under the Linux OS. This was always a major problem in the laptop field which typically reign supreme in custom, proprietary hardware components. These days, not so much, and these netbooks seem to contain well-supported hardware. Then there’s the fact that laptops always cost so much more than similarly capable desktop systems and that I had no real reason for taking a computer with me when I left home. So my use case changed, as did the price point for relatively low-power laptops/netbooks.

  Data I/O geek note : The 1201PN is capable of wireless-N networking — as many netbooks seem to have — but only 100 Mbit ethernet. I wondered why it didn’t have gigabit ethernet. Then I remembered that 100 Mbit ethernet provides 11-11.5 Mbytes/sec of transfer speed which, in my empirical experience, is approximately the maximum write speed of a 5400 RPM hard drive– which is what the 1201PN possesses.

• Video error while processing

  19 décembre 2012, par joelmaranhao

  Trying out paperclip-ffmpeg gem with Rails 3.1

  In my model

  class Video < ActiveRecord::Base
  
    belongs_to :creative_service
  
  
  
    has_attached_file :asset, :styles => { 
  
      :medium => { :geometry => "640x480", :format => 'flv' },
  
      :thumb => { :geometry => "100x100#", :format => 'jpg', :time => 10 }
  
    }, :processors => [:ffmpeg]
  
  end

  The error message when uploading a MPG file :

  Video error while processing video for MOV0652220121219-19138-1ybt1gp: Command 'ffmpeg -i :source -y -s 640x480 :dest' returned 1. Expected 0

  I am a total newbie with video processing. Any hint is welcome.

  j.