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• How to save animations with tight layout, transparency and in high quality

  23 octobre 2023, par mapf

  I am trying to implement an option in my GUI to save an image sequence displayed using matplotlib. The code looks something like this :

  



  import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import \
    FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
from PIL import Image


plt.rcParams['savefig.bbox'] = 'tight' 


class Printer:
    def __init__(self, data):
        self.fig, self.ax = plt.subplots()
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.fig)

        # some irrelevant color adjustment here
        #self.ax.spines['bottom'].set_color('#f9f2d7')
        #self.ax.spines['top'].set_color('#f9f2d7')
        #self.ax.spines['right'].set_color('#f9f2d7')
        #self.ax.spines['left'].set_color('#f9f2d7')
        #self.ax.tick_params(axis='both', colors='#f9f2d7')
        #self.ax.yaxis.label.set_color('#f9f2d7')
        #self.ax.xaxis.label.set_color('#f9f2d7')
        #self.fig.subplots_adjust(left=0.1, right=0.975, bottom=0.09, top=0.98)
        self.fig.patch.set_alpha(0)
        self.fig.patch.set_visible(False)
        self.canvas.setStyleSheet("background-color:transparent;")
        self.fig.set_size_inches(10, 10, True)
        self.fig.tight_layout()

        self.data = data
        self.image_artist = self.ax.imshow(data[0])

    def animate(self, i):
        self.image_artist.set_data(self.data[i])
        self.canvas.draw()


def save_animation():
    data = [
        Image.open("test000.png"),
        Image.open("test001.png"),
    ]
    file = 'test.gif'
    printer = Printer(data)

    ani = FuncAnimation(
        printer.fig, printer.animate, interval=100, frames=len(data),
    )
    # writer = animation.writers['pillow'](bitrate=1000)
    ani.save(
        file, writer='pillow', savefig_kwargs={'transparent': True, 'bbox_inches': 'tight'}
    )


save_animation()


  



  Transparency :

  



  As you can see I have already tried several different approaches as suggested elsewhere (1, 2), but didn't manage to find a solution. All of the settings and arguments patch.set_alpha(0), patch.set_visible(False), canvas.setStyleSheet("background-color:transparent;"), savefig_kwargs={'transparent': True} seem to have no effect at all on the transparency. I found this post but I didn't get the code to work (for one I had to comment out this %matplotlib inline, but then I ended up getting some error during the MovieWriter.cleanup out = TextIOWrapper(BytesIO(out)).read() TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str'). Here, it was suggested that this is actually a bug, but the proposed workaroud doesn't work for me since I would have to rely on third-party software. There also exists this bug report which was supposedly solved, so maybe it is unrelated.

  



  Tight layout

  



  I actually couldn't really find much on this, but all the things I tried (plt.rcParams['savefig.bbox'] = 'tight', fig.tight_layout(), savefig_kwargs={'bbox_inches': 'tight'}) don't have any effect or are even actively discarded in the case of the bbox_inches argument. How does this work ?

  



  High quality

  



  Since I cannot use ImageMagick and can't get ffmpeg to work (more on this below), I rely on pillow to save my animation. But the only argument in terms of quality that I can pass on seems to be the bitrate, which doesn't have any effect. The files still have the same size and the animation still looks like mush. The only way that I found to increase the resolution was to use fig.set_size_inches(10, 10, True), but this still doesn't improve the overall quality of the animation. It still looks bad. I saw that you can pass on codec and extra_args so maybe that is something that might help, but I have no idea how to use these because I couldn't find a list with allowed arguments.

  



  ffmpeg

  



  I can't get ffmpeg to work. I installed the python package from here and can import it into a python session but I don't know how I can get matplotlib to use that. I also got ffmpeg from here (Windows 64-bit version) and set the plt.rcParams['animation.ffmpeg_path'] to where I saved the files (there was no intaller to run, not sure if I did it correctly). But this didn't help either. Also this is of course also third-party software, so if somebody else were to use my code/program it wouldn't work.

  


• Record from camera, save to file, and acess last recorded frame

  18 février 2021, par 12.yakir

  I want to record video from a camera, save it to file, and at the same time have access to the last frame recorded.

  


  One idea would be to use ffmpeg's Multiple Outputs functionality where I split the stream into two, one gets saved to file, one spits out the last recorded frame (ideally, the frames won't need to be written to disk, but piped onwards for processing).

  


  What I don't know is how to get ffmpeg to spit "the last frame" from a stream.

  


  Any ideas ?

  


• hls : Save and forward avio options

  23 juillet 2015, par Luca Barbato

  hls : Save and forward avio options
  Make possible to send the custom headers and override the user agent.
  Reported-by : BenWonder
  

  • [DBH] libavformat/hls.c