Recherche avancée

Sur d’autres sites (9117)

• Trolls in trouble

  6 juin 2013, par Mans — Law and liberty

  Life as a patent troll is hopefully set to get more difficult. In a memo describing patent trolls as a “drain on the American economy,” the White House this week outlined a number of steps it is taking to stem this evil tide. Chiming in, the Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (where patent cases are heard) in a New York Times op-ed laments the toll patent trolling is taking on the industry, and urges judges to use powers already at their disposal to make the practice less attractive. However, while certainly a step in the right direction, these measures all fail to address the more fundamental properties of the patent system allowing trolls to exist in the first place.

  System and method for patent trolling

  Most patent trolling operations comprise the same basic elements :

  1. One or more patents with broad claims.
  2. The patents of (1) acquired by an otherwise non-practising entity (troll).
  3. The entity of (2) filing numerous lawsuits alleging infringement of the patents of (1).
  4. The lawsuits of (3) targeting end users or retailers.
  5. The lawsuits of (3) listing as plaintiffs difficult to trace shell companies.

  The recent legislative actions all take aim at the latter entries in this list. In so doing, they will no doubt cripple the trolls, but the trolls will remain alive, ready to resume their wicked ways once a new loophole is found in the system.

  To kill a patent troll

  As Judge Rader and his co-authors point out in the New York Times, “the problem stems largely from the fact that, [...] trolls have an important strategic advantage over their adversaries : they don’t make anything.” This is the heart of the troll, and this is where the blow should be struck. Our weapon shall be the mightiest judicial sword of all, the Constitution.

  The United States Constitution contains (in Article I, Section 8) the foundation for the patent system (emphasis mine) :

  The Congress shall have Power [...] To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries.

  Patent trolls are typically not inventors. They are merely hoarders of other people’s discarded inventions, and that allowing others to reap the benefits of an inventor’s work would somehow promote progress should be a tough argument. Indeed, it is the dissociation between investment and reward which has allowed the patent trolls to rise and prosper.

  In light of the above, the solution to the troll menace is actually strikingly simple : make patents non-transferable.

  Having the inventor retain the rights to his or her inventions (works for hire still being recognised), would render the establishment of non-practising entities, which most trolls are, virtually impossible. The original purpose of patents, to protect the investment of inventors, would remain unaffected, if not strengthened, by such a change.

  Links

  • Taking on Patent Trolls to Protect American Innovation
  • Fact Sheet : White House Task Force on High-Tech Patent Issues
  • Make Patent Trolls Pay in Court
  • Constitution of the United States

• Revision 30974 : pour la compatibilité avec Z, il faut que le plugin Menus passe après !

  17 août 2009, par vincent@… — Log

  pour la compatibilité avec Z, il faut que le plugin Menus passe après !

• How to concatenate 3 mp4 files using ffmpeg (facing error in resultant video) ?

  5 février 2021, par Mayank Thapliyal

  I have 3 videos of mp4 format. They have same resolution (640 X 1280) but other properties like frame rate etc are different. I want to join them back to back.So I gave a check on internet and I used the following method

  


  :: Create File List
echo file file1.mp4 >  mylist.txt 
echo file file2.mp4 >> mylist.txt
echo file file3.mp4 >> mylist.txt

:: Concatenate Files
ffmpeg -f concat -i mylist.txt -c copy output.mp4


  


  But unfortunately it did not worked.In the resultant video, file1 part got freezed, and audio of whole video shifted (no idea how).And other methods are also not working properly

  


  I just want to join them back to back.Any idea how to do it ?

  


  Edit :- I gave a check on the output of the ffmpeg (using pause command in bat and discovered the following. Maybe it may help regarding the issue)

  


  C:\Users\Cascade_Games\Desktop\Cascade Empire\ffmpeg-4.3.1-2020-10-01-full_build\bin>ffmpeg -f concat -i mylist.txt -vcodec copy -acodec copy Mux1.mp4
ffmpeg version 4.3.1-2020-10-01-full_build-www.gyan.dev Copyright (c) 2000-2020 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 10.2.0 (Rev3, Built by MSYS2 project)
  configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-static --disable-w32threads --disable-autodetect --enable-fontconfig --enable-iconv --enable-gnutls --enable-libxml2 --enable-gmp --enable-lzma --enable-libsnappy --enable-zlib --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libzmq --enable-avisynth --enable-libbluray --enable-libcaca --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdav1d --enable-libzvbi --enable-librav1e --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libvpx --enable-libass --enable-frei0r --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libzimg --enable-amf --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-d3d11va --enable-dxva2 --enable-libmfx --enable-libcdio --enable-libgme --enable-libmodplug --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libshine --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libilbc --enable-libgsm --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopus --enable-libspeex --enable-libvorbis --enable-ladspa --enable-libbs2b --enable-libflite --enable-libmysofa --enable-librubberband --enable-libsoxr --enable-chromaprint
  libavutil      56. 51.100 / 56. 51.100
  libavcodec     58. 91.100 / 58. 91.100
  libavformat    58. 45.100 / 58. 45.100
  libavdevice    58. 10.100 / 58. 10.100
  libavfilter     7. 85.100 /  7. 85.100
  libswscale      5.  7.100 /  5.  7.100
  libswresample   3.  7.100 /  3.  7.100
  libpostproc    55.  7.100 / 55.  7.100
[mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2 @ 000002a0474e6a40] Auto-inserting h264_mp4toannexb bitstream filter
Input #0, concat, from 'mylist.txt':
  Duration: N/A, start: -0.023220, bitrate: 2447 kb/s
    Stream #0:0(eng): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 1280x640 [SAR 1:1 DAR 2:1], 2320 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 15360 tbn, 60 tbc
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : VideoHandle
    Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 127 kb/s
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : SoundHandler
Output #0, mp4, to 'Mux1.mp4':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf58.45.100
    Stream #0:0(eng): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 1280x640 [SAR 1:1 DAR 2:1], q=2-31, 2320 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 15360 tbn, 15360 tbc
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : VideoHandle
    Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 127 kb/s
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : SoundHandler
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (copy)
  Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (copy)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
[mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2 @ 000002a04750d700] Auto-inserting h264_mp4toannexb bitstream filter
[mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2 @ 000002a0474ef040] Auto-inserting h264_mp4toannexb bitstream filter
[mp4 @ 000002a0478e09c0] Non-monotonous DTS in output stream 0:1; previous: 30282976, current: 27826977; changing to 30282977. This may result in incorrect timestamps in the output file.
[mp4 @ 000002a0478e09c0] Non-monotonous DTS in output stream 0:1; previous: 30282977, current: 27828129; changing to 30282978. This may result in incorrect timestamps in the output file.
(Same Thing was getting repeated,hence I deleted it)
[mp4 @ 000002a0478e09c0] Non-monotonous DTS in output stream 0:1; previous: 30283209, current: 28095393; changing to 30283210. This may result in incorrect timestamps in the output file.
[mp4 @ 000002a0478e09c0] Non-monotonous DTS in output stream 0:1; previous: 30283210, current: 28096545; changing to 30283211. This may result in incorrect timestamps in the output file.
[mp4 @ 000002a0478e09c0] aac bitstream error
    Last message repeated 234 times
frame=18937 fps=11438 q=-1.0 Lsize=   49051kB time=00:11:26.69 bitrate= 585.2kbits/s speed= 415x
video:40720kB audio:7653kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 1.401324%


  


  Edit :-
Info of all files (I have changed the video name to 1.mp4,2.mp4,3.mp4)

  


  C:\Users\Cascade_Games\Desktop\Cascade Empire\ffmpeg-4.3.1-2020-10-01-full_build\bin>ffmpeg -i 1.mp4 -i 2.mp4 -i 3.mp4
ffmpeg version 4.3.1-2020-10-01-full_build-www.gyan.dev Copyright (c) 2000-2020 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 10.2.0 (Rev3, Built by MSYS2 project)
  configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-static --disable-w32threads --disable-autodetect --enable-fontconfig --enable-iconv --enable-gnutls --enable-libxml2 --enable-gmp --enable-lzma --enable-libsnappy --enable-zlib --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libzmq --enable-avisynth --enable-libbluray --enable-libcaca --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdav1d --enable-libzvbi --enable-librav1e --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libvpx --enable-libass --enable-frei0r --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libzimg --enable-amf --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-d3d11va --enable-dxva2 --enable-libmfx --enable-libcdio --enable-libgme --enable-libmodplug --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libshine --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libilbc --enable-libgsm --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopus --enable-libspeex --enable-libvorbis --enable-ladspa --enable-libbs2b --enable-libflite --enable-libmysofa --enable-librubberband --enable-libsoxr --enable-chromaprint
  libavutil      56. 51.100 / 56. 51.100
  libavcodec     58. 91.100 / 58. 91.100
  libavformat    58. 45.100 / 58. 45.100
  libavdevice    58. 10.100 / 58. 10.100
  libavfilter     7. 85.100 /  7. 85.100
  libswscale      5.  7.100 /  5.  7.100
  libswresample   3.  7.100 /  3.  7.100
  libpostproc    55.  7.100 / 55.  7.100
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from '1.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : isom
    minor_version   : 512
    compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
    encoder         : Lavf58.45.100
  Duration: 00:00:05.27, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 2337 kb/s
    Stream #0:0(eng): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 1280x640 [SAR 1:1 DAR 2:1], 2320 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 15360 tbn, 60 tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : VideoHandle
    Stream #0:1(und): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 127 kb/s (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : SoundHandler
Input #1, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from '2.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : isom
    minor_version   : 512
    compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
    encoder         : Lavf58.45.100
  Duration: 00:10:25.70, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 616 kb/s
    Stream #1:0(und): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv420p, 1280x640 [SAR 1:1 DAR 2:1], 511 kb/s, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 15360 tbn, 60 tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : VideoHandler
    Stream #1:1(eng): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, mono, fltp, 96 kb/s (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : SoundHandle
Input #2, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from '3.mp4':
  Metadata:
    major_brand     : isom
    minor_version   : 512
    compatible_brands: isomiso2avc1mp41
    encoder         : Lavf58.45.100
  Duration: 00:00:08.50, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 447 kb/s
    Stream #2:0(und): Video: h264 (High 4:4:4 Predictive) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuv444p, 1280x640 [SAR 1:1 DAR 2:1], 228 kb/s, 2 fps, 2 tbr, 16384 tbn, 4 tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : VideoHandler
    Stream #2:1(und): Audio: mp3 (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 319 kb/s (default)
    Metadata:
      handler_name    : SoundHandler