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• D3D11 hardware screen recording with ffmpeg using Intel H264 QSV hardware encoding

  13 mai 2024, par Cactus

  I'm trying to screen record using ffmpeg and having it all done via hardware on my Intel integrated graphics.

  


  Specs

  


  For reference, here are my specs :

  


  

  • Windows 11 Pro Version 10.0.22631 Build 22631

  


  • Model : Dell Inc. OptiPlex 3090

  


  • Processor : 11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-1115G4 @ 3.00GHz, 2995 Mhz, 2 Core(s), 4 Logical Processor(s)

  


  • Terminal : Windows Terminal using Windows Powershell

  


  


  In this wiki, it looked like I could use the "Windows 8+ Desktop Duplication API" to be "directly encoded by a compatible hardware encoder" — so I thought that I could use h264_qsv to encode, allowing me to record without much performance overhead costs.

  


  Attempt 1

  


  I've tried copying one of the command examples, but it didn't work :

  


  ffmpeg -init_hw_device d3d11va -filter_complex ddagrab=0 


  


  Output :

  


  ffmpeg version 2024-05-02-git-71669f2ad5-full_build-www.gyan.dev Copyright (c) 2000-2024 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 13.2.0 (Rev5, Built by MSYS2 project)
  configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-static --disable-w32threads --disable-autodetect --enable-fontconfig --enable-iconv --enable-gnutls --enable-libxml2 --enable-gmp --enable-bzlib --enable-lzma --enable-libsnappy --enable-zlib --enable-librist --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libzmq --enable-avisynth --enable-libbluray --enable-libcaca --enable-sdl2 --enable-libaribb24 --enable-libaribcaption --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdavs2 --enable-libuavs3d --enable-libxevd --enable-libzvbi --enable-librav1e --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxavs2 --enable-libxeve --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libjxl --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libvpx --enable-mediafoundation --enable-libass --enable-frei0r --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libharfbuzz --enable-liblensfun --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libzimg --enable-amf --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-dxva2 --enable-d3d11va --enable-d3d12va --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-libvpl --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-vaapi --enable-libshaderc --enable-vulkan --enable-libplacebo --enable-opencl --enable-libcdio --enable-libgme --enable-libmodplug --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libshine --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libilbc --enable-libgsm --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopus --enable-libspeex --enable-libvorbis --enable-ladspa --enable-libbs2b --enable-libflite --enable-libmysofa --enable-librubberband --enable-libsoxr --enable-chromaprint
  libavutil      59. 16.101 / 59. 16.101
  libavcodec     61.  5.103 / 61.  5.103
  libavformat    61.  3.103 / 61.  3.103
  libavdevice    61.  2.100 / 61.  2.100
  libavfilter    10.  2.101 / 10.  2.101
  libswscale      8.  2.100 /  8.  2.100
  libswresample   5.  2.100 /  5.  2.100
  libpostproc    58.  2.100 / 58.  2.100
Stream mapping:
  ddagrab:default -> Stream #0:0 (h264_qsv)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
Impossible to convert between the formats supported by the filter 'Parsed_ddagrab_0' and the filter 'auto_scale_0'
[fc#0 @ 000001e4ed4393c0] Error configuring filter graph: Function not implemented
[fc#0 @ 000001e4ed4393c0] Task finished with error code: -40 (Function not implemented)
[fc#0 @ 000001e4ed4393c0] Terminating thread with return code -40 (Function not implemented)
[vost#0:0/h264_qsv @ 000001e4ed454000] Could not open encoder before EOF
[vost#0:0/h264_qsv @ 000001e4ed454000] Task finished with error code: -22 (Invalid argument)
[vost#0:0/h264_qsv @ 000001e4ed454000] Terminating thread with return code -22 (Invalid argument)
[out#0/matroska @ 000001e4ed453280] Nothing was written into output file, because at least one of its streams received no packets.
frame=    0 fps=0.0 q=0.0 Lsize=       0KiB time=N/A bitrate=N/A speed=N/A
Conversion failed!


  


  Attempt 2

  


  I then tried copying one of the command examples in the linked ddagrab wiki page, but also no luck.

  


  ffmpeg -f lavfi -i ddagrab -c:v h264_qsv output.mkv


  


  Output :

  


  ffmpeg version 2024-05-02-git-71669f2ad5-full_build-www.gyan.dev Copyright (c) 2000-2024 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 13.2.0 (Rev5, Built by MSYS2 project)
  configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-static --disable-w32threads --disable-autodetect --enable-fontconfig --enable-iconv --enable-gnutls --enable-libxml2 --enable-gmp --enable-bzlib --enable-lzma --enable-libsnappy --enable-zlib --enable-librist --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libzmq --enable-avisynth --enable-libbluray --enable-libcaca --enable-sdl2 --enable-libaribb24 --enable-libaribcaption --enable-libdav1d --enable-libdavs2 --enable-libuavs3d --enable-libxevd --enable-libzvbi --enable-librav1e --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxavs2 --enable-libxeve --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libjxl --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libvpx --enable-mediafoundation --enable-libass --enable-frei0r --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libharfbuzz --enable-liblensfun --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libzimg --enable-amf --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-dxva2 --enable-d3d11va --enable-d3d12va --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-libvpl --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-vaapi --enable-libshaderc --enable-vulkan --enable-libplacebo --enable-opencl --enable-libcdio --enable-libgme --enable-libmodplug --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libshine --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libcodec2 --enable-libilbc --enable-libgsm --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopus --enable-libspeex --enable-libvorbis --enable-ladspa --enable-libbs2b --enable-libflite --enable-libmysofa --enable-librubberband --enable-libsoxr --enable-chromaprint
  libavutil      59. 16.101 / 59. 16.101
  libavcodec     61.  5.103 / 61.  5.103
  libavformat    61.  3.103 / 61.  3.103
  libavdevice    61.  2.100 / 61.  2.100
  libavfilter    10.  2.101 / 10.  2.101
  libswscale      8.  2.100 /  8.  2.100
  libswresample   5.  2.100 /  5.  2.100
  libpostproc    58.  2.100 / 58.  2.100
Input #0, lavfi, from 'ddagrab':
  Duration: N/A, start: 0.000000, bitrate: N/A
  Stream #0:0: Video: wrapped_avframe, d3d11, 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 30 fps, 30 tbr, 1000k tbn
File 'output.mkv' already exists. Overwrite? [y/N] y
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (wrapped_avframe (native) -> h264 (h264_qsv))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
Impossible to convert between the formats supported by the filter 'Parsed_null_0' and the filter 'auto_scale_0'
[vf#0:0 @ 00000115e105bd40] Error reinitializing filters!
[vf#0:0 @ 00000115e105bd40] Task finished with error code: -40 (Function not implemented)
[vf#0:0 @ 00000115e105bd40] Terminating thread with return code -40 (Function not implemented)
[vost#0:0/h264_qsv @ 00000115e105aa00] Could not open encoder before EOF
[vost#0:0/h264_qsv @ 00000115e105aa00] Task finished with error code: -22 (Invalid argument)
[vost#0:0/h264_qsv @ 00000115e105aa00] Terminating thread with return code -22 (Invalid argument)
[out#0/matroska @ 00000115e1054b80] Nothing was written into output file, because at least one of its streams received no packets.
frame=    0 fps=0.0 q=0.0 Lsize=       0KiB time=N/A bitrate=N/A speed=N/A
Conversion failed!


  


  My main problem is that I don't know how to use really any of these encoders and the examples I've found above don't work with me. What command should I use to screen record all with hardware acceleration on my Intel system ? I don't care about any presets or other options at the moment.

  


  Is there also a way to record audio ? When I tried to use -f dshow -i audio="Stereo Mix (Realtek(R) Audio)" by itself, which I made sure was turned on in Windows' settings and named correctly, it didn't work (is it because I'm using Bluetooth headphones that isn't connected to Realtek's system ?). Should this question be made separately than this one ?

  


• Inappropriate ioctl for device in zoneminder - zmc_dvideo0

  9 juin 2024, par Adam

  I recently needed to rebuild my zoneminder local camera system, running on an RPi. I switched OS from Debian to Ubuntu and now I'm struggling to get video4linux to decode the video input. The result is either a black or green screen depending on the compression palette I select.

  


  I'm using /dev/video0 as my input.

  


  v4l2-ctl --list-devices

unicam (platform:fe801000.csi):
        /dev/video0
        /dev/media3


  


  In the logs I'm getting :

  


  zmc_dvideo0 10907   ERR Unable to query control: Inappropriate ioctl for device 


  


  I don't understand the function of the /dev/media3 device, presumably created by the bcm2835-v4l2 module. This site suggests that /dev/video0 needs to extract the ioctl from or link in some way to /dev/media3. Perhaps a red herring.

  


  If I select /dev/media3 as the source, I get :

  


  : FAT [zmc_dmedia3] [Failed to query video device: Inappropriate ioctl for device]
: ERR ['zmc -d /dev/media3' exited abnormally, exit status 255]


  


  I'm using

  


  

  • PAL60 encoding

  


  • YUV422p compression

  


  • 1280 x 720 Capture Resolution

  


  


  # lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 24.04 LTS
Release:        24.04
Codename:       noble

# uname -a
Linux ubuntu 6.8.0-1005-raspi #5-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Wed May 22 15:01:35 UTC 2024 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux


  


  Using ffmpeg from the cli, I get a similar output, resulting in a green display. This happens both with and without the hardware acceleration flag.

  


  sudo -u www-data ffmpeg -f v4l2 -pix_fmt yuyv422 -framerate 30 -video_size 1280x720 -i /dev/video0 -codec:v h264_v4l2m2m video0_out.mp4


  


  I've set debug to 6 in the ZM options - Any clues on troublshooting steps I can take to further understand why the camera stream is not being shown and how to fix it ?

  


• Web Analytics Reports : 10 Key Types and How to Use Them

  29 janvier 2024, par Erin

  You can’t optimise your website to drive better results if you don’t know how visitors are engaging with your site.

  But how do you correctly analyse data and identify patterns ? With the right platform, you can use a wide range of web analytics reports to dive deep into the data.

  In this article, we’ll discuss what website analytics reports are, different types, why you need them, and how to use reports to find the insights you need.

  What is web analytics ?

  Website analytics is the process of gathering, processing, and analysing data that shows what users are doing when they visit your website. 

  You typically achieve this with web analytics tools by adding a tracking code that shares data with the analytics platform when someone visits the site.

  

  The visitors trigger the tracking code, which collects data on how they act while on your site and then sends that information to the analytics platform. You can then see the data in your analytics solution and create reports based on this data.

  While there are a lot of web analytics solutions available, this article will specifically demonstrate reports using Matomo.

  What are web analytics reports ?

  Web analytics reports are analyses that focus on specific data points within your analytics platform. 

  For example, this channel report in Matomo shows the top referring channels of a website.

  

  Your marketing team can use this report to determine which channels drive the best results. In the example above, organic search drives almost double the visits and actions of social campaigns. 

  If you’re investing the same amount of money, you’d want to move more of your budget from social to search.

  Why you need to get familiar with specific web analytics reports

  The default web analytics dashboard offers an overview of high-level trends in performance. However, it usually does not give you specific insights that can help you optimise your marketing campaigns.

  For example, you can see that your conversions are down month over month. But, at a glance, you do not understand why that is.

  To understand why, you need to go granular and wider — looking into qualifying data that separates different types of visitors from each other.

  Gartner predicts that 70% of organisations will focus on “small and wide” data by 2025 over “big data.” Most companies lack the data volume to simply let big data and algorithms handle the optimising.

  What you can do instead is dive deep into each visitor. Figure out how they engage with your site, and then you can adjust your campaigns and page content accordingly.

  Common types of web analytics reports

  There are dozens of different web analytics reports, but they usually fall into four separate categories :

  

  • Referral sources : These reports show where your visitors come from. They range from channel reports — search, social media — to specific campaigns and ads.
  • Engagement (on-site actions) : These reports dive into what visitors are doing on your site. They break down clicks, scrolling, completed conversion goals, and more.
  • E-commerce performance : These reports show the performance of your e-commerce store. They’ll help you dive into the sales of individual products, trends in cart abandonment and more.
  • Demographics : These reports help you understand more about your visitors — where they’re visiting from, their browser language, device, and more.

  You can even combine insights across all four using audience segmentation and custom reports. (We’ll cover this in more detail later.)

  How to use 10 important website analytics reports

  The first step is to install the website analytics code on your website. (We include more detailed information in our guide on how to track website visitors.)

  Then, you need to wait until you have a few days (or, if you have limited traffic, a few weeks) of data. Without sufficient website visitor data, none of the reports will be meaningful.

  Visitor Overview report

  First, let’s take a look at the Visitor Overview report. It’s a general report that breaks down the visits over a given time period.

  

  What this report shows :

  • Trends in unique visits month over month
  • Basic engagement trends like the average visit length and bounce rate
  • The number of actions taken per page

  In general, this report is more of a high-level indicator you can use to explore certain areas more thoroughly. For example, if most of your traffic comes from organic traffic or social media, you can dive deeper into those channels.

  Try Matomo for Free

  Get the web insights you need, without compromising data accuracy.

  Start for free

  No credit card required

  Location report

  Next up, we have the most basic type of demographic report — the Location report. It shows where your visitors tend to access your website from.

  

  What this report shows :

  • The country, state or city your visitors access your website from

  This report is most useful for identifying regional trends. You may notice that your site is growing in popularity in a country. You can take advantage of this by creating a regional campaign to double down on a high performing audience.

  Device report

  Next, we have the Device report, which breaks down your visitors’ devices.

  

  What this report shows :

  • Overall device types used by your visitors
  • Specific device models used

  Today, most websites are responsive or use mobile-first design. So, just seeing that many people access your site through smartphones probably isn’t all that surprising.

  But you should ensure your responsive design doesn’t break down on popular devices. The design may not work effectively because many phones have different screen resolutions. 

  Users Flow report

  The Users Flow report dives deeper into visitor engagement — how your visitors act on your site. It shows common landing pages — the first page visitors land on — and how they usually navigate your site from there.

  

  What this report shows :

  • Popular landing pages
  • How your visitors most commonly navigate your site

  You can use this report to determine which intermediary pages are crucial to keeping visitors engaged. For example, you can prioritise optimisation and rewriting for case study pages that don’t get a lot of direct search or campaign traffic.

  Improving this flow can improve conversion rates and the impact of your marketing efforts.

  Try Matomo for Free

  Get the web insights you need, without compromising data accuracy.

  Start for free

  No credit card required

  Exit Pages report

  The Exit Pages report complements the Users Flow report well. It highlights the most common pages visitors leave your website from.

  

  What this report shows :

  • The most common exit pages on your website
  • The exit rates of these pages

  Pages with high exit rates fall into two categories. The first are pages where it makes sense that visitors leave, like a post-purchase thank-you page. The second are pages where you’d want your visitors to stay and keep flowing down the funnel. When the rates are unusually high on product pages, category pages, or case study pages, you may have found a problem.

  By combining insights from the Users Flow and Exit Pages reports, you can find valuable candidates for optimisation. This is a key aspect of effective conversion rate optimisation.

  Traffic Acquisition Channel report

  The Acquisition Channels report highlights the channels that drive the most visitors to your site.

  

  What this report shows :

  • Top referring traffic sources by channel type
  • The average time on site, bounce rates, and actions taken by the source

  Because of increasingly privacy-sensitive browsers and apps, the best way to reliably track traffic sources is to use campaign tracking URL. Matomo offers an easy-to-use campaign tracking URL builder to simplify this process.

  Search Engines and Keywords report

  The Search Engines and Keywords report shows which keywords are driving the most organic search traffic and from what search engines.

  

  What this report shows :

  • Search engine keywords that drive traffic
  • The different search engines that refer visitors

  One of the best ways to use this report is to identify low-hanging fruit. You want to find keywords driving some traffic where your page isn’t ranked in the top three results. If the keyword has high traffic potential, you should then work to optimise that page to rank higher and get more traffic. This technique is an efficient way to improve your SEO performance.

  Ecommerce Products report

  If you sell products directly on your website, the Ecommerce Products report is a lifesaver. It shows you exactly how all your products are performing.

  

  What this report shows :

  • How your products are selling
  • The average sale price (with coupons) and quantity

  This report could help an online retailer identify top-selling items, adjust pricing based on average sale prices, and strategically allocate resources to promote or restock high-performing products for maximum profitability.

  Try Matomo for Free

  Get the web insights you need, without compromising data accuracy.

  Start for free

  No credit card required

  Ecommerce Log report

  If you want to explore every single ecommerce interaction, the Ecommerce Log report is for you. It breaks down the actions of visitors who add products to their cart in real time.

  

  What this report shows :

  • The full journey of completed purchases and abandoned carts
  • The exact actions your potential customers take and how long their journeys last

  If you suspect that the user experience of your online store isn’t perfect, this report helps you confirm or deny that suspicion. By closely examining individual interactions, you can identify common exit pages or other issues.