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• How to make high smooth, high resolution particle motion animations

  5 décembre 2019, par algae

  For some time I have been having trouble with producing short movies/animations/gifs which are of sufficiently high resolution. I’m going to use R to generate some frames as a random example, but if there is somewhere else I should be creating frames from to give better results I would be interested in that too.

  Creating frames

  The kinds of animations I’m interested involve some cloud of ’particles’ moving about the page. There are usually a large number of particles and I would like their motion be as smooth as possible. As a random example, consider the R code (using base graphics and not ggplot2 as it is far quicker for saving a large number of frames)

  N <- 500
  
  nFrames <- 250
  
  points <- pracma::randp(n=N, r=1)
  
  rot <- function(p, a) { return(cbind(p[,1]*cos(a) - p[,2]*sin(a), p[,1]*sin(a) + p[,2]*cos(a))) }
  
  cols <- colorRampPalette(c("red", "green", "blue"))(nFrames)
  
  ang <- seq(0, pi, length=N)
  
  
  
  # Save frames
  
  png(filename="%d.png")
  
  par(mar=c(0,0,0,0))
  
  for (i in seq(1,N,length=nFrames)) 
  
          plot(sqrt(i)*rot(points, ang[i]), xlim=sqrt(N)*c(-1,1),  ylim=sqrt(N)*c(-1,1), cex=0.5, pch=19, col=cols[i], asp=1, xaxs="i")
  
  
  
  dev.off()

  Frames to animation

  There are a number of tools available to chain each frame together into an animation (in R there are also things like gganimate which I have tried but did not find convenient or better than the following). I also don’t have any requirements for the resulting file size or time taken to get everything looking as crisp as possible.

  convert

  For short gif style animations a common solution is to do something like convert -delay 1 -loop 0 *.png g.gif which gives

  

  gifski

  Running gifski -o g.gif *.png produces

  

  There is an annoying amount of ’jitter’ happening in the transition between frames in both of the above (though less noticeable with gifski).

  ffmpeg

  Being gifs, the above will be have limited options for tweaking so I suspect part of the solution lies in using ffmpeg. All I would like to know is how to make the animation appear totally smooth without any kind of noticeable blurriness. Here the resulting movies tend to be quite smooth, but resolution is lacking.. e.g. after setting height=1080 and width=1080 in png() of the above code we can run

  fmpeg -i %d.png -s 1080x1080 -c:v libx264 -vf fps=250 -pix_fmt yuv444p out.mp4

  If the particles move on a time/space scale smaller than is visible to the naked eye, and we set the frames per second to be the total number of frames, the transition between frames should be seamless, right ? At around the 2 second mark in out.mp4 you will see some kind of frame drop and similarly right at the beginning. Why does this happen ?

  Questions

  1. Is there a standard documented approach to generating high quality animations/movies involving large numbers of ’point-like’ particles ? Do we need more an more frames ?
  2. How to improve resolution of movies using ffmpeg ? Should I change from .png format to something vectorised (if so, how) ?

  Running Fedora v31.

• How to stitch(concat) two transport stream with two different resolution and I-frame slices format without loosing resolution and slices information

  2 octobre 2019, par AnkurTank

  I have been trying to test a use case with steam captured from multimedia device and that didn’t work. And then I have been trying to create this specific transport stream for like two days now without success, so requesting some help.

  I need to create transport stream with two different resolution and two different slicing format.

  I divided the task in following steps and in last two steps I need help.

  Step 1 : Download sample video with resolution : 1920x1080.
  I downloaded big buck bunny mp4 .

  Step 2 : Create transport stream with following
  resolution : 1920x720, H264 I frame slices per frame : 1
  I used following ffmpeg commands to do that.

  #Rename file to input.mp4
  
  $ mv bbb_sunflower_1080p_30fps_normal.mp4 input.mp4
  
  #Extract transport stream
  
  $ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c copy first.ts

  first.ts is having 1980x720 resolution and one H264 I slice per frame.

  Step 3 : Create another transport stream with smaller resolution using following commands

  #Get mp4 with lower resolution.
  
  $ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -s 640x480 temp.mp4
  
  #Extract trans port stream from mp4
  
  $ ffmpeg -i temp.mp4 -c copy low_r.ts

  Step 4 : Edit(and re-encode ?) low_r.ts to have two H264 I frame slices.
  I used following command to achieve it.

  $ x264 --slices 4 low_r.ts -o second.ts

  However when I play this second.ts on vlc using following command it doesn’t play

  $ vlc ./second.ts 

  And using Elacard StreamEye software when I analyze the transport stream I see that it has 4 H264 I slices in only two times other than that lot of H264 p slices and H264 B slices.
  Need help here to figure out why second.ts doesn’t play and why slicing is not correct.

  Step 5 : Combine both the transport stream without loosing resolution and slicing information.
  Don’t know command for this. Need help here.
  I tried ffmpeg but that combines two stream with different resolution and makes one file with one resolution.

  Any suggestions/pointers would help me proceed. Let me also know if any of the above steps are not fine too.

• How to stitch(concat) two transport stream with two different resolution and I-frame slices format without loosing resolution and slices information

  2 octobre 2019, par ART

  I have been trying to test a use case with steam captured from multimedia device and that didn't work. And then I have been trying to create this specific transport stream for like two days now without success, so requesting some help.

  



  I need to create transport stream with two different resolution and two different slicing format.

  



  I divided the task in following steps and in last two steps I need help.

  



  Step 1 : Download sample video with resolution : 1920x1080.
  
 I downloaded big buck bunny mp4 .

  



  Step 2 : Create transport stream with following
  
resolution : 1920x720, H264 I frame slices per frame : 1
  
I used following ffmpeg commands to do that.

  



  #Rename file to input.mp4
$ mv bbb_sunflower_1080p_30fps_normal.mp4 input.mp4
#Extract transport stream
$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -c copy first.ts


  



  first.ts is having 1980x720 resolution and one H264 I slice per frame.

  



  Step 3 : Create another transport stream with smaller resolution using following commands

  



  #Get mp4 with lower resolution.
$ ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -s 640x480 temp.mp4
#Extract trans port stream from mp4
$ ffmpeg -i temp.mp4 -c copy low_r.ts


  



  Step 4 : Edit(and re-encode ?) low_r.ts to have two H264 I frame slices.
I used following command to achieve it.

  



  $ x264 --slices 4 low_r.ts -o second.ts


  



  However when I play this second.ts on vlc using following command it doesn't play

  



  $ vlc ./second.ts 


  



  And using Elacard StreamEye software when I analyze the transport stream I see that it has 4 H264 I slices in only two times other than that lot of H264 p slices and H264 B slices. 
Need help here to figure out why second.ts doesn't play and why slicing is not correct.

  



  Step 5 : Combine both the transport stream without loosing resolution and slicing information.
Don't know command for this. Need help here.
I tried ffmpeg but that combines two stream with different resolution and makes one file with one resolution.

  



  Any suggestions/pointers would help me proceed. Let me also know if any of the above steps are not fine too.