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• Interfacing to an Xbox Optical Drive

  1er octobre 2013, par Multimedia Mike — xbox

  The next generation Xbox is going to hit the streets soon. But for some reason, I’m still interested in the previous generation’s unit (i.e., the original Xbox). Specifically, I’ve always wondered if it’s possible to use the original Xbox’s optical drive in order to read Xbox discs from Linux. I was never curious enough to actually buy an Xbox just to find out but I eventually came across a cast-off console on a recycle pile.

  I have long known that the Xbox has what appears to be a more or less standard optical drive with a 40-pin IDE connector. The only difference is the power adapter which I surmise is probably the easiest way to turn a bit of standardized hardware into a bit of proprietary hardware. The IDE and power connectors look like this :

  
  
  

  Thus, I wanted to try opening an Xbox and plugging the optical drive into a regular PC, albeit one that supports IDE cables, and allow the Xbox to supply power to the drive. Do you still have hardware laying around that has 40-pin IDE connectors ? I guess my Mac Mini PPC fits the bill, but I’ll be darned if I’m going to pry that thing open again. I have another IDE-capable machine buried in my closet, last called into service when I needed a computer with a native RS-232 port 3 years ago. The ordeal surrounding making this old computer useful right now can be another post entirely.

  Here’s what the monstrosity looks like thanks to characteristically short IDE cable lengths :

  
  

  

  Click for larger image

  
  

  Process :

  1. Turn on Xbox first
  2. Turn on PC

  Doing these things in the opposite order won’t work since the kernel really wants to see the drive when booting up. Inspecting the 'dmesg' log afterward reveals interesting items :
  

  <br />
hdd: PHILIPS XBOX DVD DRIVE, ATAPI CD/DVD-ROM drive<br />
hdd: host max PIO5 wanted PIO255(auto-tune) selected PIO4<br />
hdd: UDMA/33 mode selected<br />
[...]<br />
hdd: ATAPI DVD-ROM drive, 128kB Cache<br />

  Why is that interesting ? When is the last time to saw disk devices prefixed by ‘hd’ rather than ‘sd’ ? Blast from the past. Oh, and the optical drive’s vendor string clearly indicates that this is an Xbox drive saying ‘hi !’.

  Time To Read
  When I first studied an Xbox disc in a normal optical drive, I noticed that I was able to read 6992 2048-byte sectors — about 14 MB of data — as reported by the disc table of contents (TOC). This is just enough data to play a standard DVD video animation that kindly instructs the viewer to please use a proper Xbox. At this point, I estimated that there must be something special about Xbox optical drive firmware that knows how to read alternate information on these discs and access further sectors.

  I ran my TOC query tool with an Xbox Magazine demo disc in the optical drive and it reported substantially more than 6992 sectors, enough to account for more than 2 GB of data. That’s promising. I then tried running 'dd' against the device and it was able to read… about 14 MB, an exact quantity of bytes that, when divided by 2048 bytes/sector, yields 6992 sectors.

  Future (Past ?) Work
  Assuming Google is your primary window into the broader internet, the world is beginning to lose its memory of things pertaining to the original Xbox (Microsoft’s naming scheme certainly doesn’t help searches). What I’m saying is that it can be difficult to find information about this stuff now. However, I was able to learn that a host needs to perform a sort of cryptographic handshake with the drive at the SCSI level before it is allowed to access the forbidden areas of the disc. I think. I’m still investigating this and will hopefully post more soon.

• Video conversion too long

  13 décembre 2016, par Ilya Shpakovsky

  I use NReco.VideoConverter for convert flv to ogv. But this process is too long. I tried to convert 200M video but it took more than hour. The code I use :

  var ffMpeg = new FFMpegConverter();
  
  command = String.Format("-i \"{0}\" -c:v libtheora -c:a libvorbis -preset ultrafast \"{1}\"", inputFile, outputFile);
  
  ffMpeg.Invoke(command);

  Could anyone suggest me how to improve the performance of conversion ? Thanks in advance.

• HTTP Livestreaming with ffmpeg

  25 août 2016, par Hugo14453

  Some context : I have an MKV file, I am attempting to stream it to http://localhost:8090/test.flv as an flv file.

  The stream begins and then immediately ends.

  The command I am using is :

  sudo ffmpeg -re -i input.mkv -c:v libx264 -maxrate 1000k -bufsize 2000k -an -bsf:v h264_mp4toannexb -g 50 http://localhost:8090/test.flv

  A breakdown of what I believe these options do incase this post becomes useful for someone else :

  sudo

  Run as root

  ffmpeg

  The stream command thingy

  -re

  Stream in real-time

  -i input.mkv

  Input option and path to input file

  -c:v libx264

  Use codec libx264 for conversion

  -maxrate 1000k -bufsize 2000k

  No idea, some options for conversion, seems to help

  -an -bsf:v h264_mp4toannexb

  Audio options I think, not sure really. Also seems to help

  -g 50

  Still no idea, maybe frame rateframerateframerateframerate ?

  http://localhost:8090/test.flv

  Output using http protocol to localhost on port 8090 as a file called test.flv

  Anyway the actual issue I have is that it begins to stream for about a second and then immediately ends.

  The mpeg command result :

  ffmpeg version N-80901-gfebc862 Copyright (c) 2000-2016 the FFmpeg developers
  
    built with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.4-2ubuntu1~14.04.3)
  
    configuration: --extra-libs=-ldl --prefix=/opt/ffmpeg --mandir=/usr/share/man --enable-avresample --disable-debug --enable-nonfree --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --disable-decoder=amrnb --disable-decoder=amrwb --enable-libpulse --enable-libfreetype --enable-gnutls --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libfdk-aac --enable-libvorbis --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-libvpx --enable-libspeex --enable-libass --enable-avisynth --enable-libsoxr --enable-libxvid --enable-libvidstab
  
    libavutil      55. 28.100 / 55. 28.100
  
    libavcodec     57. 48.101 / 57. 48.101
  
    libavformat    57. 41.100 / 57. 41.100
  
    libavdevice    57.  0.102 / 57.  0.102
  
    libavfilter     6. 47.100 /  6. 47.100
  
    libavresample   3.  0.  0 /  3.  0.  0
  
    libswscale      4.  1.100 /  4.  1.100
  
    libswresample   2.  1.100 /  2.  1.100
  
    libpostproc    54.  0.100 / 54.  0.100
  
  Input #0, matroska,webm, from 'input.mkv':
  
    Metadata:
  
      encoder         : libebml v1.3.0 + libmatroska v1.4.0
  
      creation_time   : 1970-01-01 00:00:02
  
    Duration: 00:01:32.26, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 4432 kb/s
  
      Stream #0:0(eng): Video: h264 (High 10), yuv420p10le, 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 23.98 fps, 23.98 tbr, 1k tbn, 47.95 tbc (default)
  
      Stream #0:1(nor): Audio: flac, 48000 Hz, stereo, s16 (default)
  
  [libx264 @ 0x2e1c380] using SAR=1/1
  
  [libx264 @ 0x2e1c380] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX
  
  [libx264 @ 0x2e1c380] profile High, level 4.0
  
  [libx264 @ 0x2e1c380] 264 - core 148 r2643 5c65704 - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2015 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x3:0x113 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=-2 threads=1 lookahead_threads=1 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=50 keyint_min=5 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=23.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 vbv_maxrate=1000 vbv_bufsize=2000 crf_max=0.0 nal_hrd=none filler=0 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00
  
  [flv @ 0x2e3f0a0] Using AVStream.codec to pass codec parameters to muxers is deprecated, use AVStream.codecpar instead.
  
  Output #0, flv, to 'http://localhost:8090/test.flv':
  
    Metadata:
  
      encoder         : Lavf57.41.100
  
      Stream #0:0(eng): Video: h264 (libx264) ([7][0][0][0] / 0x0007), yuv420p, 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=-1--1, 23.98 fps, 1k tbn, 23.98 tbc (default)
  
      Metadata:
  
        encoder         : Lavc57.48.101 libx264
  
      Side data:
  
        cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 1000000/0/0 buffer size: 2000000 vbv_delay: -1
  
  Stream mapping:
  
    Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (native) -> h264 (libx264))
  
  Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
  
  Killed   26 fps= 26 q=0.0 size=       0kB time=00:00:00.00 bitrate=N/A speed=   0x  

  The ffserver outputs :

  Sat Aug 20 12:40:11 2016 File '/test.flv' not found
  
  Sat Aug 20 12:40:11 2016 [SERVER IP] - - [POST] "/test.flv HTTP/1.1" 404 189

  The config file is :

  #Sample ffserver configuration file
  
  
  
  # Port on which the server is listening. You must select a different
  
  # port from your standard HTTP web server if it is running on the same
  
  # computer.
  
  Port 8090
  
  
  
  # Address on which the server is bound. Only useful if you have
  
  # several network interfaces.
  
  BindAddress 0.0.0.0
  
  
  
  # Number of simultaneous HTTP connections that can be handled. It has
  
  # to be defined *before* the MaxClients parameter, since it defines the
  
  # MaxClients maximum limit.
  
  MaxHTTPConnections 2000
  
  
  
  # Number of simultaneous requests that can be handled. Since FFServer
  
  # is very fast, it is more likely that you will want to leave this high
  
  # and use MaxBandwidth, below.
  
  MaxClients 1000
  
  
  
  # This the maximum amount of kbit/sec that you are prepared to
  
  # consume when streaming to clients.
  
  MaxBandwidth 1000
  
  
  
  # Access log file (uses standard Apache log file format)
  
  # '-' is the standard output.
  
  CustomLog -
  
  
  
  # Suppress that if you want to launch ffserver as a daemon.
  
  #NoDaemon
  
  
  
  
  
  ##################################################################
  
  # Definition of the live feeds. Each live feed contains one video
  
  # and/or audio sequence coming from an ffmpeg encoder or another
  
  # ffserver. This sequence may be encoded simultaneously with several
  
  # codecs at several resolutions.
  
  
  
  <feed>
  
  
  
  ACL allow 192.168.0.0 192.168.255.255
  
  
  
  # You must use 'ffmpeg' to send a live feed to ffserver. In this
  
  # example, you can type:
  
  #
  
  #ffmpeg http://localhost:8090/test.ffm
  
  
  
  # ffserver can also do time shifting. It means that it can stream any
  
  # previously recorded live stream. The request should contain:
  
  # "http://xxxx?date=[YYYY-MM-DDT][[HH:]MM:]SS[.m...]".You must specify
  
  # a path where the feed is stored on disk. You also specify the
  
  # maximum size of the feed, where zero means unlimited. Default:
  
  # File=/tmp/feed_name.ffm FileMaxSize=5M
  
  File /tmp/feed1.ffm
  
  FileMaxSize 200m
  
  
  
  # You could specify
  
  # ReadOnlyFile /saved/specialvideo.ffm
  
  # This marks the file as readonly and it will not be deleted or updated.
  
  
  
  # Specify launch in order to start ffmpeg automatically.
  
  # First ffmpeg must be defined with an appropriate path if needed,
  
  # after that options can follow, but avoid adding the http:// field
  
  #Launch ffmpeg
  
  
  
  # Only allow connections from localhost to the feed.
  
      ACL allow 127.0.0.1
  
  
  
  </feed>
  
  
  
  
  
  ##################################################################
  
  # Now you can define each stream which will be generated from the
  
  # original audio and video stream. Each format has a filename (here
  
  # 'test1.mpg'). FFServer will send this stream when answering a
  
  # request containing this filename.
  
  
  
  <stream>
  
  
  
  # coming from live feed 'feed1'
  
  Feed feed1.ffm
  
  
  
  # Format of the stream : you can choose among:
  
  # mpeg       : MPEG-1 multiplexed video and audio
  
  # mpegvideo  : only MPEG-1 video
  
  # mp2        : MPEG-2 audio (use AudioCodec to select layer 2 and 3 codec)
  
  # ogg        : Ogg format (Vorbis audio codec)
  
  # rm         : RealNetworks-compatible stream. Multiplexed audio and video.
  
  # ra         : RealNetworks-compatible stream. Audio only.
  
  # mpjpeg     : Multipart JPEG (works with Netscape without any plugin)
  
  # jpeg       : Generate a single JPEG image.
  
  # asf        : ASF compatible streaming (Windows Media Player format).
  
  # swf        : Macromedia Flash compatible stream
  
  # avi        : AVI format (MPEG-4 video, MPEG audio sound)
  
  Format mpeg
  
  
  
  # Bitrate for the audio stream. Codecs usually support only a few
  
  # different bitrates.
  
  AudioBitRate 32
  
  
  
  # Number of audio channels: 1 = mono, 2 = stereo
  
  AudioChannels 2
  
  
  
  # Sampling frequency for audio. When using low bitrates, you should
  
  # lower this frequency to 22050 or 11025. The supported frequencies
  
  # depend on the selected audio codec.
  
  AudioSampleRate 44100
  
  
  
  # Bitrate for the video stream
  
  VideoBitRate 64
  
  
  
  # Ratecontrol buffer size
  
  VideoBufferSize 40
  
  
  
  # Number of frames per second
  
  VideoFrameRate 3
  
  
  
  # Size of the video frame: WxH (default: 160x128)
  
  # The following abbreviations are defined: sqcif, qcif, cif, 4cif, qqvga,
  
  # qvga, vga, svga, xga, uxga, qxga, sxga, qsxga, hsxga, wvga, wxga, wsxga,
  
  # wuxga, woxga, wqsxga, wquxga, whsxga, whuxga, cga, ega, hd480, hd720,
  
  # hd1080
  
  VideoSize hd1080
  
  
  
  # Transmit only intra frames (useful for low bitrates, but kills frame rate).
  
  #VideoIntraOnly
  
  
  
  # If non-intra only, an intra frame is transmitted every VideoGopSize
  
  # frames. Video synchronization can only begin at an intra frame.
  
  VideoGopSize 12
  
  
  
  # More MPEG-4 parameters
  
  # VideoHighQuality
  
  # Video4MotionVector
  
  
  
  # Choose your codecs:
  
  #AudioCodec mp2
  
  #VideoCodec mpeg1video
  
  
  
  # Suppress audio
  
  #NoAudio
  
  
  
  # Suppress video
  
  #NoVideo
  
  
  
  #VideoQMin 3
  
  #VideoQMax 31
  
  
  
  # Set this to the number of seconds backwards in time to start. Note that
  
  # most players will buffer 5-10 seconds of video, and also you need to allow
  
  # for a keyframe to appear in the data stream.
  
  #Preroll 15
  
  
  
  # ACL:
  
  
  
  # You can allow ranges of addresses (or single addresses)
  
  ACL ALLOW localhost
  
  
  
  # You can deny ranges of addresses (or single addresses)
  
  #ACL DENY <first address="address"> 
  
  
  
  # You can repeat the ACL allow/deny as often as you like. It is on a per
  
  # stream basis. The first match defines the action. If there are no matches,
  
  # then the default is the inverse of the last ACL statement.
  
  #
  
  # Thus 'ACL allow localhost' only allows access from localhost.
  
  # 'ACL deny 1.0.0.0 1.255.255.255' would deny the whole of network 1 and
  
  # allow everybody else.
  
  
  
  </first></stream>
  
  
  
  
  
  ##################################################################
  
  # Example streams
  
  
  
  
  
  # Multipart JPEG
  
  
  
  #<stream>
  
  #Feed feed1.ffm
  
  #Format mpjpeg
  
  #VideoFrameRate 2
  
  #VideoIntraOnly
  
  #NoAudio
  
  #Strict -1
  
  #</stream>
  
  
  
  
  
  # Single JPEG
  
  
  
  #<stream>
  
  #Feed feed1.ffm
  
  #Format jpeg
  
  #VideoFrameRate 2
  
  #VideoIntraOnly
  
  ##VideoSize 352x240
  
  #NoAudio
  
  #Strict -1
  
  #</stream>
  
  
  
  
  
  # Flash
  
  
  
  #<stream>
  
  #Feed feed1.ffm
  
  #Format swf
  
  #VideoFrameRate 2
  
  #VideoIntraOnly
  
  #NoAudio
  
  #</stream>
  
  
  
  
  
  # ASF compatible
  
  
  
  <stream>
  
  Feed feed1.ffm
  
  Format asf
  
  VideoFrameRate 15
  
  VideoSize 352x240
  
  VideoBitRate 256
  
  VideoBufferSize 40
  
  VideoGopSize 30
  
  AudioBitRate 64
  
  StartSendOnKey
  
  </stream>
  
  
  
  
  
  # MP3 audio
  
  
  
  #<stream>
  
  #Feed feed1.ffm
  
  #Format mp2
  
  #AudioCodec mp3
  
  #AudioBitRate 64
  
  #AudioChannels 1
  
  #AudioSampleRate 44100
  
  #NoVideo
  
  #</stream>
  
  
  
  
  
  # Ogg Vorbis audio
  
  
  
  #<stream>
  
  #Feed feed1.ffm
  
  #Title "Stream title"
  
  #AudioBitRate 64
  
  #AudioChannels 2
  
  #AudioSampleRate 44100
  
  #NoVideo
  
  #</stream>
  
  
  
  
  
  # Real with audio only at 32 kbits
  
  
  
  #<stream>
  
  #Feed feed1.ffm
  
  #Format rm
  
  #AudioBitRate 32
  
  #NoVideo
  
  #NoAudio
  
  #</stream>
  
  
  
  
  
  # Real with audio and video at 64 kbits
  
  
  
  #<stream>
  
  #Feed feed1.ffm
  
  #Format rm
  
  #AudioBitRate 32
  
  #VideoBitRate 128
  
  #VideoFrameRate 25
  
  #VideoGopSize 25
  
  #NoAudio
  
  #</stream>
  
  
  
  
  
  ##################################################################
  
  # A stream coming from a file: you only need to set the input
  
  # filename and optionally a new format. Supported conversions:
  
  #    AVI -> ASF
  
  
  
  #<stream>
  
  #File "/usr/local/httpd/htdocs/tlive.rm"
  
  #NoAudio
  
  #</stream>
  
  
  
  #<stream>
  
  #File "/usr/local/httpd/htdocs/test.asf"
  
  #NoAudio
  
  #Author "Me"
  
  #Copyright "Super MegaCorp"
  
  #Title "Test stream from disk"
  
  #Comment "Test comment"
  
  #</stream>
  
  
  
  
  
  ##################################################################
  
  # RTSP examples
  
  #
  
  # You can access this stream with the RTSP URL:
  
  #   rtsp://localhost:5454/test1-rtsp.mpg
  
  #
  
  # A non-standard RTSP redirector is also created. Its URL is:
  
  #   http://localhost:8090/test1-rtsp.rtsp
  
  
  
  #<stream>
  
  #Format rtp
  
  #File "/usr/local/httpd/htdocs/test1.mpg"
  
  #</stream>
  
  
  
  
  
  # Transcode an incoming live feed to another live feed,
  
  # using libx264 and video presets
  
  
  
  #<stream>
  
  #Format rtp
  
  #Feed feed1.ffm
  
  #VideoCodec libx264
  
  #VideoFrameRate 24
  
  #VideoBitRate 100
  
  #VideoSize 480x272
  
  #AVPresetVideo default
  
  #AVPresetVideo baseline
  
  #AVOptionVideo flags +global_header
  
  #
  
  #AudioCodec libfaac
  
  #AudioBitRate 32
  
  #AudioChannels 2
  
  #AudioSampleRate 22050
  
  #AVOptionAudio flags +global_header
  
  #</stream>
  
  
  
  ##################################################################
  
  # SDP/multicast examples
  
  #
  
  # If you want to send your stream in multicast, you must set the
  
  # multicast address with MulticastAddress. The port and the TTL can
  
  # also be set.
  
  #
  
  # An SDP file is automatically generated by ffserver by adding the
  
  # 'sdp' extension to the stream name (here
  
  # http://localhost:8090/test1-sdp.sdp). You should usually give this
  
  # file to your player to play the stream.
  
  #
  
  # The 'NoLoop' option can be used to avoid looping when the stream is
  
  # terminated.
  
  
  
  #<stream>
  
  #Format rtp
  
  #File "/usr/local/httpd/htdocs/test1.mpg"
  
  #MulticastAddress 224.124.0.1
  
  #MulticastPort 5000
  
  #MulticastTTL 16
  
  #NoLoop
  
  #</stream>
  
  
  
  
  
  ##################################################################
  
  # Special streams
  
  
  
  # Server status
  
  
  
  <stream>
  
  Format status
  
  
  
  # Only allow local people to get the status
  
  ACL allow localhost
  
  ACL allow 192.168.0.0 192.168.255.255
  
  
  
  #FaviconURL http://pond1.gladstonefamily.net:8080/favicon.ico
  
  </stream>
  
  
  
  
  
  # Redirect index.html to the appropriate site
  
  
  
  <redirect>
  
  URL http://www.ffmpeg.org/
  
  </redirect>
  
  
  
  
  
  #http://www.ffmpeg.org/

  Any help is greatly appreciated, I will do my best draw a picture of the best answer based on their username.