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• FFmpeg/libav : YUV420P to RGB conversion

  17 janvier 2014, par learner

  I am working with Video encoding-decoding based on online tutorials. In the encoding section, the dummy image created is in YUV420P format. I need it to be in RGB or BGR format. Any idea how to do this ??

   #include 
  
   #include 
  
   #include 
  
  
  
   #ifdef HAVE_AV_CONFIG_H
  
   #undef HAVE_AV_CONFIG_H
  
   #endif
  
  
  
   #include "libavcodec/avcodec.h"
  
   #include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
  
  
  
   #define INBUF_SIZE 4096
  
   #define AUDIO_INBUF_SIZE 20480
  
   #define AUDIO_REFILL_THRESH 4096
  
  
  
   /*
  
   * Video encoding example
  
   */
  
   static void video_encode_example(const char *filename)
  
   {
  
       AVCodec *codec;
  
       AVCodecContext *c = NULL;
  
       int i, out_size, size, x, y, outbuf_size;
  
       FILE *f;
  
       AVFrame *picture;
  
       uint8_t *outbuf, *picture_buf;
  
  
  
       printf("Video encoding\n");
  
  
  
       /* find the mpeg1 video encoder */
  
       codec = avcodec_find_encoder(CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO);
  
       if (!codec)
  
       {
  
           fprintf(stderr, "codec not found\n");
  
           exit(1);
  
       }
  
  
  
       c = avcodec_alloc_context();
  
       picture = avcodec_alloc_frame();
  
  
  
       /* put sample parameters */
  
       c->bit_rate = 400000;
  
       /* resolution must be a multiple of two */
  
       c->width = 352;
  
       c->height = 288;
  
       /* frames per second */
  
       c->time_base= (AVRational){1,25};
  
       c->gop_size = 10; /* emit one intra frame every ten frames */
  
       c->max_b_frames=1;
  
       c->pix_fmt = PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
  
  
  
       /* open it */
  
       if (avcodec_open(c, codec) < 0)
  
       {
  
           fprintf(stderr, "could not open codec\n");
  
           exit(1);
  
       }
  
  
  
       f = fopen(filename, "wb");
  
       if (!f)
  
       {
  
           fprintf(stderr, "could not open file! %s\n", filename);
  
           exit(1);
  
       }
  
  
  
       /* alloc image and output buffer */
  
       outbuf_size = 100000;
  
       outbuf = malloc(outbuf_size);
  
       size = c->width * c->height;
  
       picture_buf = malloc((size * 3) / 2); /* size for YUV 420 */
  
  
  
       picture->data[0] = picture_buf;
  
       picture->data[1] = picture->data[0] + size;
  
       picture->data[2] = picture->data[1] + size / 4;
  
       picture->linesize[0] = c->width;
  
       picture->linesize[1] = c->width / 2;
  
       picture->linesize[2] = c->width / 2;
  
  
  
       /* encode 1 second of video */
  
       for(i=0; i<25; i++)
  
       {
  
           fflush(stdout);
  
           /* prepare a dummy image */
  
           /* Y */
  
           for(y=0; y < c->height; y++)
  
           {
  
               for(x=0; x < c->width; x++)
  
               {
  
                   picture->data[0][y * picture->linesize[0] + x] = x + y + i * 3;
  
               }
  
           }
  
  
  
           /* Cb and Cr */
  
           for(y=0; y < c->height/2; y++)
  
           {
  
               for(x=0; x < c->width/2; x++)
  
               {
  
                   picture->data[1][y * picture->linesize[1] + x] = 128 + y + i * 2;
  
                   picture->data[2][y * picture->linesize[2] + x] = 64 + x + i * 5;
  
               }
  
           }
  
  
  
           /* encode the image */
  
           out_size = avcodec_encode_video(c, outbuf, outbuf_size, picture);
  
           printf("encoding frame %3d (size=%5d)\n", i, out_size);
  
           fwrite(outbuf, 1, out_size, f);
  
       }
  
  
  
       /* get the delayed frames */
  
       for(; out_size; i++)
  
       {
  
           fflush(stdout);
  
  
  
           out_size = avcodec_encode_video(c, outbuf, outbuf_size, NULL);
  
           printf("write frame %3d (size=%5d)\n", i, out_size);
  
           fwrite(outbuf, 1, out_size, f);
  
       }
  
  
  
       /* add sequence end code to have a real mpeg file */
  
       outbuf[0] = 0x00;
  
       outbuf[1] = 0x00;
  
       outbuf[2] = 0x01;
  
       outbuf[3] = 0xb7;
  
       fwrite(outbuf, 1, 4, f);
  
       fclose(f);
  
       free(picture_buf);
  
       free(outbuf);
  
  
  
       avcodec_close(c);
  
       av_free(c);
  
       av_free(picture);
  
       printf("\n");
  
   }
  
  
  
   /*
  
    * Video decoding example
  
    */
  
  
  
   static void pgm_save(unsigned char *buf, int wrap, int xsize, int ysize,
  
                        char *filename)
  
   {
  
       FILE *f;
  
       int i;
  
  
  
       f=fopen(filename,"w");
  
       fprintf(f,"P5\n%d %d\n%d\n",xsize,ysize,255);
  
       for(i=0; i* set end of buffer to 0 (this ensures that no overreading happens for damaged mpeg streams) */
  
       memset(inbuf + INBUF_SIZE, 0, FF_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE);
  
  
  
       printf("Video decoding\n");
  
  
  
       /* find the mpeg1 video decoder */
  
       codec = avcodec_find_decoder(CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO);
  
       if (!codec) {
  
           fprintf(stderr, "codec not found\n");
  
           exit(1);
  
       }
  
  
  
       c = avcodec_alloc_context();
  
       picture = avcodec_alloc_frame();
  
  
  
       if(codec->capabilities&CODEC_CAP_TRUNCATED)
  
           c->flags|= CODEC_FLAG_TRUNCATED; /* we do not send complete frames */
  
  
  
       /* For some codecs, such as msmpeg4 and mpeg4, width and height
  
          MUST be initialized there because this information is not
  
          available in the bitstream. */
  
  
  
       /* open it */
  
       if (avcodec_open(c, codec) < 0) {
  
           fprintf(stderr, "could not open codec\n");
  
           exit(1);
  
       }
  
  
  
       /* the codec gives us the frame size, in samples */
  
  
  
       f = fopen(filename, "rb");
  
       if (!f) {
  
           fprintf(stderr, "could not open file! %s\n", filename);
  
           exit(1);
  
       }
  
  
  
       frame = 0;
  
       for(;;) {
  
           avpkt.size = fread(inbuf, 1, INBUF_SIZE, f);
  
           if (avpkt.size == 0)
  
               break;
  
  
  
           /* NOTE1: some codecs are stream based (mpegvideo, mpegaudio)
  
              and this is the only method to use them because you cannot
  
              know the compressed data size before analysing it.
  
  
  
              BUT some other codecs (msmpeg4, mpeg4) are inherently frame
  
              based, so you must call them with all the data for one
  
              frame exactly. You must also initialize 'width' and
  
              'height' before initializing them. */
  
  
  
           /* NOTE2: some codecs allow the raw parameters (frame size,
  
              sample rate) to be changed at any frame. We handle this, so
  
              you should also take care of it */
  
  
  
           /* here, we use a stream based decoder (mpeg1video), so we
  
              feed decoder and see if it could decode a frame */
  
  
  
           avpkt.data = inbuf;
  
           while (avpkt.size > 0)
  
           {
  
               len = avcodec_decode_video2(c, picture, &got_picture, &avpkt);
  
               if (len < 0)
  
               {
  
                   fprintf(stderr, "Error while decoding frame %d\n", frame);
  
                   exit(1);
  
               }
  
               if (got_picture)
  
               {
  
                   printf("saving frame %3d\n", frame);
  
                   fflush(stdout);
  
  
  
                   /* the picture is allocated by the decoder. no need to
  
                      free it */
  
                   snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), outfilename, frame);
  
                   pgm_save(picture->data[0], picture->linesize[0],
  
                            c->width, c->height, buf);
  
                   frame++;
  
               }
  
               avpkt.size -= len;
  
               avpkt.data += len;
  
           }
  
       }
  
  
  
       /* some codecs, such as MPEG, transmit the I and P frame with a
  
          latency of one frame. You must do the following to have a
  
          chance to get the last frame of the video */
  
  
  
       avpkt.data = NULL;
  
       avpkt.size = 0;
  
       len = avcodec_decode_video2(c, picture, &got_picture, &avpkt);
  
       if (got_picture)
  
       {
  
           printf("saving last frame %3d\n", frame);
  
           fflush(stdout);
  
  
  
           /* the picture is allocated by the decoder. no need to
  
              free it */
  
           snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), outfilename, frame);
  
           pgm_save(picture->data[0], picture->linesize[0],
  
                    c->width, c->height, buf);
  
           frame++;
  
       }
  
  
  
       fclose(f);
  
  
  
       avcodec_close(c);
  
       av_free(c);
  
       av_free(picture);
  
       printf("\n");
  
   }
  
  
  
   int main(int argc, char **argv)
  
   {
  
       const char *filename;
  
  
  
       /* must be called before using avcodec lib */
  
       avcodec_init();
  
  
  
       /* register all the codecs */
  
       avcodec_register_all();
  
  
  
       if (argc <= 1)
  
       { 
  
           video_encode_example("asdf.mpg");
  
           filename = "asdf.mpg";
  
       }
  
       else
  
       {
  
           filename = argv[1];
  
       }
  
  
  
       video_decode_example("%d.pgm", filename);
  
  
  
       return 0;
  
  }

  I tried with PIX_FMT_RGB24 and changing each channel accordingly. For this, I declared another :

  AVFrame *pictureRGB ; and then : pictureRGB = avcodec_alloc_frame() ;

  for(y=0; y < c->height; y++)
  
  {
  
       for(x=0; x < c->width; x++)
  
       {
  
            pictureRGB ->data[0][y * pictureRGB ->linesize[0] + x] = x + y + i * 3;
  
            pictureRGB ->data[1][y * pictureRGB ->linesize[1] + x] = x + y + i * 3;
  
            pictureRGB ->data[2][y * pictureRGB ->linesize[2] + x] = x + y + i * 3;
  
       }
  
  }

  But it gives errors ! I am totally new to this library. Is it possible to directly encode as a RGB dummy image rather than as YUV420P. Anybody out there with sound knowledge in this area ??? Thanks in advance !

• Undefined reference, using FFMpeg-library (AvCodec) on Ubuntu, 64-bits system

  5 mai 2012, par Anders Branderud

  I am running the example code of the latest FFMpeg-library.
  I have inserted the example code into the file videofecencoder.c :

  /*
  
  * copyright (c) 2001 Fabrice Bellard
  
  *
  
  * This file is part of Libav.
  
  *
  
  * Libav is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  
  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  
  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  
  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  
  *
  
  * Libav is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  
  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  
  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  
  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
  
  *
  
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  
  * License along with Libav; if not, write to the Free Software
  
  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
  
  */
  
  #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
  
  
  
  
  
  #include 
  
  #include 
  
  #include 
  
  
  
  #ifdef HAVE_AV_CONFIG_H
  
  #undef HAVE_AV_CONFIG_H
  
  #endif
  
  
  
  #include "libavutil/imgutils.h"
  
  #include "libavutil/opt.h"
  
  #include "libavcodec/avcodec.h"
  
  #include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
  
  #include "libavutil/samplefmt.h"
  
  
  
  #define INBUF_SIZE 4096
  
  #define AUDIO_INBUF_SIZE 20480
  
  #define AUDIO_REFILL_THRESH 4096
  
  
  
  /*
  
  * Video encoding example
  
  */
  
  static void video_encode_example(const char *filename, int codec_id)
  
  {
  
     AVCodec *codec;
  
     AVCodecContext *c= NULL;
  
     int i, out_size, size, x, y, outbuf_size;
  
     FILE *f;
  
     AVFrame *picture;
  
     uint8_t *outbuf;
  
     int nrOfFramesPerSecond  =25;
  
     int nrOfSeconds =1;
  
  
  
  
  
     printf("Video encoding\n");
  
  
  
     /* find the mpeg1 video encoder */
  
     codec = avcodec_find_encoder((CodecID) codec_id);
  
     if (!codec) {
  
         fprintf(stderr, "codec not found\n");
  
         exit(1);
  
     }
  
  
  
     c = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
  
     picture= avcodec_alloc_frame();
  
  
  
     /* put sample parameters */
  
     c->bit_rate = 400000;
  
     /* resolution must be a multiple of two */
  
     c->width = 352;
  
     c->height = 288;
  
     /* frames per second */
  
     c->time_base= (AVRational){1,25};
  
     c->gop_size = 10; /* emit one intra frame every ten frames */
  
     c->max_b_frames=1;
  
     c->pix_fmt = PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
  
  
  
     if(codec_id == CODEC_ID_H264)
  
         av_opt_set(c->priv_data, "preset", "slow", 0);
  
  
  
     /* open it */
  
     if (avcodec_open2(c, codec, NULL) < 0) {
  
         fprintf(stderr, "could not open codec\n");
  
         exit(1);
  
     }
  
  
  
     f = fopen(filename, "wb");
  
     if (!f) {
  
         fprintf(stderr, "could not open %s\n", filename);
  
         exit(1);
  
     }
  
  
  
     /* alloc image and output buffer */
  
     outbuf_size = 100000;
  
     outbuf = (uint8_t*) malloc(outbuf_size);
  
  
  
     /* the image can be allocated by any means and av_image_alloc() is
  
      * just the most convenient way if av_malloc() is to be used */
  
     av_image_alloc(picture->data, picture->linesize,
  
                    c->width, c->height, c->pix_fmt, 1);
  
  
  
     /* encode 1 second of video */
  
     int nrOfFramesTotal = nrOfFramesPerSecond * nrOfSeconds;
  
  
  
     /* encode 1 second of video */
  
     for(i=0;i < nrOfFramesTotal; i++) {
  
         fflush(stdout);
  
         /* prepare a dummy image */
  
         /* Y */
  
         for(y=0;yheight;y++) {
  
             for(x=0;xwidth;x++) {
  
                 picture->data[0][y * picture->linesize[0] + x] = x + y + i * 3;
  
             }
  
         }
  
  
  
         /* Cb and Cr */
  
         for(y=0;yheight/2;y++) {
  
             for(x=0;xwidth/2;x++) {
  
                 picture->data[1][y * picture->linesize[1] + x] = 128 + y + i * 2;
  
                 picture->data[2][y * picture->linesize[2] + x] = 64 + x + i * 5;
  
             }
  
         }
  
  
  
         /* encode the image */
  
         out_size = avcodec_encode_video(c, outbuf, outbuf_size, picture);
  
         printf("encoding frame %3d (size=%5d)\n", i, out_size);
  
         fwrite(outbuf, 1, out_size, f);
  
     }
  
  
  
     /* get the delayed frames */
  
     for(; out_size; i++) {
  
         fflush(stdout);
  
  
  
         out_size = avcodec_encode_video(c, outbuf, outbuf_size, NULL);
  
         printf("write frame %3d (size=%5d)\n", i, out_size);
  
         fwrite(outbuf, 1, out_size, f);
  
     }
  
  
  
     /* add sequence end code to have a real mpeg file */
  
     outbuf[0] = 0x00;
  
     outbuf[1] = 0x00;
  
     outbuf[2] = 0x01;
  
     outbuf[3] = 0xb7;
  
     fwrite(outbuf, 1, 4, f);
  
     fclose(f);
  
     free(outbuf);
  
  
  
     avcodec_close(c);
  
     av_free(c);
  
     av_free(picture->data[0]);
  
     av_free(picture);
  
     printf("\n");
  
  }
  
  
  
  int main(int argc, char **argv)
  
  {
  
     const char *filename;
  
  
  
     /* register all the codecs */
  
     avcodec_register_all();
  
  
  
     if (argc <= 1) {
  
  
  
         video_encode_example("/grb_1.mpg", CODEC_ID_MPEG1VIDEO);
  
     } else {
  
         filename = argv[1];
  
     }
  
  
  
  
  
     return 0;
  
  }

  When I run gcc videofecencoder.cc -lavcodec I get the following error messages :

  /tmp/ccJg8IDy.o: In function `video_encode_example(char const*, int)':
  
  videofecencoder.cc:(.text+0x35): undefined reference to `avcodec_find_encoder(CodecID)'
  
  videofecencoder.cc:(.text+0x74): undefined reference to `avcodec_alloc_context3(AVCodec*)'
  
  videofecencoder.cc:(.text+0x7d): undefined reference to `avcodec_alloc_frame()'
  
  videofecencoder.cc:(.text+0x113): undefined reference to `av_opt_set(void*, char const*, char const*, int)'
  
  videofecencoder.cc:(.text+0x12b): undefined reference to `avcodec_open2(AVCodecContext*, AVCodec*, AVDictionary**)'
  
  videofecencoder.cc:(.text+0x1f0): undefined reference to `av_image_alloc(unsigned char**, int*, int, int, PixelFormat, int)'
  
  videofecencoder.cc:(.text+0x35c): undefined reference to `avcodec_encode_video(AVCodecContext*, unsigned char*, int, AVFrame const*)'
  
  videofecencoder.cc:(.text+0x3cf): undefined reference to `avcodec_encode_video(AVCodecContext*, unsigned char*, int, AVFrame const*)'
  
  videofecencoder.cc:(.text+0x47c): undefined reference to `avcodec_close(AVCodecContext*)'
  
  videofecencoder.cc:(.text+0x488): undefined reference to `av_free(void*)'
  
  videofecencoder.cc:(.text+0x497): undefined reference to `av_free(void*)'
  
  videofecencoder.cc:(.text+0x4a3): undefined reference to `av_free(void*)'
  
  /tmp/ccJg8IDy.o: In function `main':
  
  videofecencoder.cc:(.text+0x4c3): undefined reference to `avcodec_register_all()'
  
  collect2: ld returnerade avslutningsstatus 1

  The command nm libavcodec.a | grep avcodec_find results in :

  00000000000008e0 T avcodec_find_best_pix_fmt
  
  0000000000000740 T avcodec_find_best_pix_fmt2
  
                   U avcodec_find_encoder
  
  0000000000002ca0 T avcodec_find_decoder
  
  0000000000002cf0 T avcodec_find_decoder_by_name
  
  0000000000002bd0 T avcodec_find_encoder
  
  0000000000002c30 T avcodec_find_encoder_by_name

  I also have another similar error with another library :
  Undefined reference despite linking in OpenFEC-library

  My system : Ubuntu 11, 64-bits machine

  My next step is to try to compile it on VirtualBox with Ubuntu 32 bits (running on a Windows-OS).

• avcodec/mpegvideo : Mark ff_mpv_common_defaults() as av_cold

  3 mars, par Andreas Rheinhardt

  avcodec/mpegvideo : Mark ff_mpv_common_defaults() as av_cold
  Signed-off-by : Andreas Rheinhardt <andreas.rheinhardt@outlook.com>
  

  • [DH] libavcodec/mpegvideo.c