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How can I fix a segmentation fault in a C program ? [duplicate]
31 mars 2023, par ipegasus

Possible Duplicate :

Segmentation fault



Currently I am upgrading an open source program used for HTTP streaming. It needs to support the latest FFmpeg.
The code compiles fine without any warnings, although I am getting a segmentation fault error.


How can I fix the issue ? And / or, what is the best way to debug ? Please find attached a portion of the code due to size. I will try to add the project to GitHub :)


Sample Usage


# segmenter --i out.ts --l 10 --o stream.m3u8 --d segments --f stream



Makefile


FFLIBS=`pkg-config --libs libavformat libavcodec libavutil`
FFFLAGS=`pkg-config --cflags libavformat libavcodec libavutil`

all:
 gcc -Wall -g segmenter.c -o segmenter ${FFFLAGS} ${FFLIBS}



segmenter.c


/*
 * Copyright (c) 2009 Chase Douglas
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
 */
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include 
#include "libavformat/avformat.h"

#include "libavformat/avio.h"

#include <sys></sys>stat.h>

#include "segmenter.h"
#include "libavformat/avformat.h"

#define IMAGE_ID3_SIZE 9171

void printUsage() {
 fprintf(stderr, "\nExample: segmenter --i infile --d baseDir --f baseFileName --o playListFile.m3u8 --l 10 \n");
 fprintf(stderr, "\nOptions: \n");
 fprintf(stderr, "--i <infile>.\n");
 fprintf(stderr, "--o <outfile>.\n");
 fprintf(stderr, "--d basedir, the base directory for files.\n");
 fprintf(stderr, "--f baseFileName, output files will be baseFileName-#.\n");
 fprintf(stderr, "--l segment length, the length of each segment.\n");
 fprintf(stderr, "--a, audio only decode for < 64k streams.\n");
 fprintf(stderr, "--v, video only decode for < 64k streams.\n");
 fprintf(stderr, "--version, print version details and exit.\n");
 fprintf(stderr, "\n\n");
}

void ffmpeg_version() {
 // output build and version numbers
 fprintf(stderr, " libavutil version: %s\n", AV_STRINGIFY(LIBAVUTIL_VERSION));
 fprintf(stderr, " libavutil build: %d\n", LIBAVUTIL_BUILD);
 fprintf(stderr, " libavcodec version: %s\n", AV_STRINGIFY(LIBAVCODEC_VERSION));
 fprintf(stdout, " libavcodec build: %d\n", LIBAVCODEC_BUILD);
 fprintf(stderr, " libavformat version: %s\n", AV_STRINGIFY(LIBAVFORMAT_VERSION));
 fprintf(stderr, " libavformat build: %d\n", LIBAVFORMAT_BUILD);
 fprintf(stderr, " built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__);
#ifdef __GNUC__
 fprintf(stderr, ", gcc: " __VERSION__ "\n");
#else
 fprintf(stderr, ", using a non-gcc compiler\n");
#endif
}


static AVStream *add_output_stream(AVFormatContext *output_format_context, AVStream *input_stream) {
 AVCodecContext *input_codec_context;
 AVCodecContext *output_codec_context;
 AVStream *output_stream;

 output_stream = avformat_new_stream(output_format_context, 0);
 if (!output_stream) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Segmenter error: Could not allocate stream\n");
 exit(1);
 }

 input_codec_context = input_stream->codec;
 output_codec_context = output_stream->codec;

 output_codec_context->codec_id = input_codec_context->codec_id;
 output_codec_context->codec_type = input_codec_context->codec_type;
 output_codec_context->codec_tag = input_codec_context->codec_tag;
 output_codec_context->bit_rate = input_codec_context->bit_rate;
 output_codec_context->extradata = input_codec_context->extradata;
 output_codec_context->extradata_size = input_codec_context->extradata_size;

 if (av_q2d(input_codec_context->time_base) * input_codec_context->ticks_per_frame > av_q2d(input_stream->time_base) && av_q2d(input_stream->time_base) < 1.0 / 1000) {
 output_codec_context->time_base = input_codec_context->time_base;
 output_codec_context->time_base.num *= input_codec_context->ticks_per_frame;
 } else {
 output_codec_context->time_base = input_stream->time_base;
 }

 switch (input_codec_context->codec_type) {
#ifdef USE_OLD_FFMPEG
 case CODEC_TYPE_AUDIO:
#else
 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO:
#endif
 output_codec_context->channel_layout = input_codec_context->channel_layout;
 output_codec_context->sample_rate = input_codec_context->sample_rate;
 output_codec_context->channels = input_codec_context->channels;
 output_codec_context->frame_size = input_codec_context->frame_size;
 if ((input_codec_context->block_align == 1 && input_codec_context->codec_id == CODEC_ID_MP3) || input_codec_context->codec_id == CODEC_ID_AC3) {
 output_codec_context->block_align = 0;
 } else {
 output_codec_context->block_align = input_codec_context->block_align;
 }
 break;
#ifdef USE_OLD_FFMPEG
 case CODEC_TYPE_VIDEO:
#else
 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:
#endif
 output_codec_context->pix_fmt = input_codec_context->pix_fmt;
 output_codec_context->width = input_codec_context->width;
 output_codec_context->height = input_codec_context->height;
 output_codec_context->has_b_frames = input_codec_context->has_b_frames;

 if (output_format_context->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER) {
 output_codec_context->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
 }
 break;
 default:
 break;
 }

 return output_stream;
}

int write_index_file(const char index[], const char tmp_index[], const unsigned int planned_segment_duration, const unsigned int actual_segment_duration[],
 const char output_directory[], const char output_prefix[], const char output_file_extension[],
 const unsigned int first_segment, const unsigned int last_segment) {
 FILE *index_fp;
 char *write_buf;
 unsigned int i;

 index_fp = fopen(tmp_index, "w");
 if (!index_fp) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open temporary m3u8 index file (%s), no index file will be created\n", tmp_index);
 return -1;
 }

 write_buf = malloc(sizeof (char) * 1024);
 if (!write_buf) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate write buffer for index file, index file will be invalid\n");
 fclose(index_fp);
 return -1;
 }

 unsigned int maxDuration = planned_segment_duration;

 for (i = first_segment; i <= last_segment; i++)
 if (actual_segment_duration[i] > maxDuration)
 maxDuration = actual_segment_duration[i];



 snprintf(write_buf, 1024, "#EXTM3U\n#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:%u\n", maxDuration);

 if (fwrite(write_buf, strlen(write_buf), 1, index_fp) != 1) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not write to m3u8 index file, will not continue writing to index file\n");
 free(write_buf);
 fclose(index_fp);
 return -1;
 }

 for (i = first_segment; i <= last_segment; i++) {
 snprintf(write_buf, 1024, "#EXTINF:%u,\n%s-%u%s\n", actual_segment_duration[i], output_prefix, i, output_file_extension);
 if (fwrite(write_buf, strlen(write_buf), 1, index_fp) != 1) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not write to m3u8 index file, will not continue writing to index file\n");
 free(write_buf);
 fclose(index_fp);
 return -1;
 }
 }

 snprintf(write_buf, 1024, "#EXT-X-ENDLIST\n");
 if (fwrite(write_buf, strlen(write_buf), 1, index_fp) != 1) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not write last file and endlist tag to m3u8 index file\n");
 free(write_buf);
 fclose(index_fp);
 return -1;
 }

 free(write_buf);
 fclose(index_fp);

 return rename(tmp_index, index);
}

int main(int argc, const char *argv[]) {
 //input parameters
 char inputFilename[MAX_FILENAME_LENGTH], playlistFilename[MAX_FILENAME_LENGTH], baseDirName[MAX_FILENAME_LENGTH], baseFileName[MAX_FILENAME_LENGTH];
 char baseFileExtension[5]; //either "ts", "aac" or "mp3"
 int segmentLength, outputStreams, verbosity, version;



 char currentOutputFileName[MAX_FILENAME_LENGTH];
 char tempPlaylistName[MAX_FILENAME_LENGTH];


 //these are used to determine the exact length of the current segment
 double prev_segment_time = 0;
 double segment_time;
 unsigned int actual_segment_durations[2048];
 double packet_time = 0;

 //new variables to keep track of output size
 double output_bytes = 0;

 unsigned int output_index = 1;
 AVOutputFormat *ofmt;
 AVFormatContext *ic = NULL;
 AVFormatContext *oc;
 AVStream *video_st = NULL;
 AVStream *audio_st = NULL;
 AVCodec *codec;
 int video_index;
 int audio_index;
 unsigned int first_segment = 1;
 unsigned int last_segment = 0;
 int write_index = 1;
 int decode_done;
 int ret;
 int i;

 unsigned char id3_tag[128];
 unsigned char * image_id3_tag;

 size_t id3_tag_size = 73;
 int newFile = 1; //a boolean value to flag when a new file needs id3 tag info in it

 if (parseCommandLine(inputFilename, playlistFilename, baseDirName, baseFileName, baseFileExtension, &outputStreams, &segmentLength, &verbosity, &version, argc, argv) != 0)
 return 0;

 if (version) {
 ffmpeg_version();
 return 0;
 }


 fprintf(stderr, "%s %s\n", playlistFilename, tempPlaylistName);


 image_id3_tag = malloc(IMAGE_ID3_SIZE);
 if (outputStreams == OUTPUT_STREAM_AUDIO)
 build_image_id3_tag(image_id3_tag);
 build_id3_tag((char *) id3_tag, id3_tag_size);

 snprintf(tempPlaylistName, strlen(playlistFilename) + strlen(baseDirName) + 1, "%s%s", baseDirName, playlistFilename);
 strncpy(playlistFilename, tempPlaylistName, strlen(tempPlaylistName));
 strncpy(tempPlaylistName, playlistFilename, MAX_FILENAME_LENGTH);
 strncat(tempPlaylistName, ".", 1);

 //decide if this is an aac file or a mpegts file.
 //postpone deciding format until later
 /* ifmt = av_find_input_format("mpegts");
 if (!ifmt)
 {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not find MPEG-TS demuxer.\n");
 exit(1);
 } */

 av_log_set_level(AV_LOG_DEBUG);

 av_register_all();
 ret = avformat_open_input(&ic, inputFilename, NULL, NULL);
 if (ret != 0) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open input file %s. Error %d.\n", inputFilename, ret);
 exit(1);
 }

 if (avformat_find_stream_info(ic, NULL) < 0) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not read stream information.\n");
 exit(1);
 }

 oc = avformat_alloc_context();
 if (!oc) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate output context.");
 exit(1);
 }

 video_index = -1;
 audio_index = -1;

 for (i = 0; i < ic->nb_streams && (video_index < 0 || audio_index < 0); i++) {
 switch (ic->streams[i]->codec->codec_type) {

#ifdef USE_OLD_FFMPEG
 case CODEC_TYPE_VIDEO:
#else
 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:
#endif
 video_index = i;
 ic->streams[i]->discard = AVDISCARD_NONE;
 if (outputStreams & OUTPUT_STREAM_VIDEO)
 video_st = add_output_stream(oc, ic->streams[i]);
 break;
#ifdef USE_OLD_FFMPEG
 case CODEC_TYPE_AUDIO:
#else
 case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO:
#endif
 audio_index = i;
 ic->streams[i]->discard = AVDISCARD_NONE;
 if (outputStreams & OUTPUT_STREAM_AUDIO)
 audio_st = add_output_stream(oc, ic->streams[i]);
 break;
 default:
 ic->streams[i]->discard = AVDISCARD_ALL;
 break;
 }
 }

 if (video_index == -1) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Stream must have video component.\n");
 exit(1);
 }

 //now that we know the audio and video output streams
 //we can decide on an output format.
 if (outputStreams == OUTPUT_STREAM_AUDIO) {
 //the audio output format should be the same as the audio input format
 switch (ic->streams[audio_index]->codec->codec_id) {
 case CODEC_ID_MP3:
 fprintf(stderr, "Setting output audio to mp3.");
 strncpy(baseFileExtension, ".mp3", strlen(".mp3"));
 ofmt = av_guess_format("mp3", NULL, NULL);
 break;
 case CODEC_ID_AAC:
 fprintf(stderr, "Setting output audio to aac.");
 ofmt = av_guess_format("adts", NULL, NULL);
 break;
 default:
 fprintf(stderr, "Codec id %d not supported.\n", ic->streams[audio_index]->id);
 }
 if (!ofmt) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not find audio muxer.\n");
 exit(1);
 }
 } else {
 ofmt = av_guess_format("mpegts", NULL, NULL);
 if (!ofmt) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not find MPEG-TS muxer.\n");
 exit(1);
 }
 }
 oc->oformat = ofmt;

 if (outputStreams & OUTPUT_STREAM_VIDEO && oc->oformat->flags & AVFMT_GLOBALHEADER) {
 oc->flags |= CODEC_FLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
 }


 /* Deprecated: pass the options to avformat_write_header directly.
 if (av_set_parameters(oc, NULL) < 0) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Invalid output format parameters.\n");
 exit(1);
 }
 */

 av_dump_format(oc, 0, baseFileName, 1);


 //open the video codec only if there is video data
 if (video_index != -1) {
 if (outputStreams & OUTPUT_STREAM_VIDEO)
 codec = avcodec_find_decoder(video_st->codec->codec_id);
 else
 codec = avcodec_find_decoder(ic->streams[video_index]->codec->codec_id);
 if (!codec) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not find video decoder, key frames will not be honored.\n");
 }

 if (outputStreams & OUTPUT_STREAM_VIDEO)
 ret = avcodec_open2(video_st->codec, codec, NULL);
 else
 avcodec_open2(ic->streams[video_index]->codec, codec, NULL);
 if (ret < 0) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open video decoder, key frames will not be honored.\n");
 }
 }

 snprintf(currentOutputFileName, strlen(baseDirName) + strlen(baseFileName) + strlen(baseFileExtension) + 10, "%s%s-%u%s", baseDirName, baseFileName, output_index++, baseFileExtension);

 if (avio_open(&oc->pb, currentOutputFileName, URL_WRONLY) < 0) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open '%s'.\n", currentOutputFileName);
 exit(1);
 }
 newFile = 1;

 int r = avformat_write_header(oc,NULL);
 if (r) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not write mpegts header to first output file.\n");
 debugReturnCode(r);
 exit(1);
 }

 //no segment info is written here. This just creates the shell of the playlist file
 write_index = !write_index_file(playlistFilename, tempPlaylistName, segmentLength, actual_segment_durations, baseDirName, baseFileName, baseFileExtension, first_segment, last_segment);

 do {
 AVPacket packet;

 decode_done = av_read_frame(ic, &packet);

 if (decode_done < 0) {
 break;
 }

 if (av_dup_packet(&packet) < 0) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not duplicate packet.");
 av_free_packet(&packet);
 break;
 }

 //this time is used to check for a break in the segments
 // if (packet.stream_index == video_index && (packet.flags & PKT_FLAG_KEY))
 // {
 // segment_time = (double)video_st->pts.val * video_st->time_base.num / video_st->time_base.den;
 // }
#if USE_OLD_FFMPEG
 if (packet.stream_index == video_index && (packet.flags & PKT_FLAG_KEY))
#else
 if (packet.stream_index == video_index && (packet.flags & AV_PKT_FLAG_KEY))
#endif
 {
 segment_time = (double) packet.pts * ic->streams[video_index]->time_base.num / ic->streams[video_index]->time_base.den;
 }
 // else if (video_index < 0)
 // {
 // segment_time = (double)audio_st->pts.val * audio_st->time_base.num / audio_st->time_base.den;
 // }

 //get the most recent packet time
 //this time is used when the time for the final segment is printed. It may not be on the edge of
 //of a keyframe!
 if (packet.stream_index == video_index)
 packet_time = (double) packet.pts * ic->streams[video_index]->time_base.num / ic->streams[video_index]->time_base.den; //(double)video_st->pts.val * video_st->time_base.num / video_st->time_base.den;
 else if (outputStreams & OUTPUT_STREAM_AUDIO)
 packet_time = (double) audio_st->pts.val * audio_st->time_base.num / audio_st->time_base.den;
 else
 continue;
 //start looking for segment splits for videos one half second before segment duration expires. This is because the
 //segments are split on key frames so we cannot expect all segments to be split exactly equally.
 if (segment_time - prev_segment_time >= segmentLength - 0.5) {
 fprintf(stderr, "looking to print index file at time %lf\n", segment_time);
 avio_flush(oc->pb);
 avio_close(oc->pb);

 if (write_index) {
 actual_segment_durations[++last_segment] = (unsigned int) rint(segment_time - prev_segment_time);
 write_index = !write_index_file(playlistFilename, tempPlaylistName, segmentLength, actual_segment_durations, baseDirName, baseFileName, baseFileExtension, first_segment, last_segment);
 fprintf(stderr, "Writing index file at time %lf\n", packet_time);
 }

 struct stat st;
 stat(currentOutputFileName, &st);
 output_bytes += st.st_size;

 snprintf(currentOutputFileName, strlen(baseDirName) + strlen(baseFileName) + strlen(baseFileExtension) + 10, "%s%s-%u%s", baseDirName, baseFileName, output_index++, baseFileExtension);
 if (avio_open(&oc->pb, currentOutputFileName, URL_WRONLY) < 0) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Could not open '%s'\n", currentOutputFileName);
 break;
 }

 newFile = 1;
 prev_segment_time = segment_time;
 }

 if (outputStreams == OUTPUT_STREAM_AUDIO && packet.stream_index == audio_index) {
 if (newFile && outputStreams == OUTPUT_STREAM_AUDIO) {
 //add id3 tag info
 //fprintf(stderr, "adding id3tag to file %s\n", currentOutputFileName);
 //printf("%lf %lld %lld %lld %lld %lld %lf\n", segment_time, audio_st->pts.val, audio_st->cur_dts, audio_st->cur_pkt.pts, packet.pts, packet.dts, packet.dts * av_q2d(ic->streams[audio_index]->time_base) );
 fill_id3_tag((char*) id3_tag, id3_tag_size, packet.dts);
 avio_write(oc->pb, id3_tag, id3_tag_size);
 avio_write(oc->pb, image_id3_tag, IMAGE_ID3_SIZE);
 avio_flush(oc->pb);
 newFile = 0;
 }

 packet.stream_index = 0; //only one stream in audio only segments
 ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(oc, &packet);
 } else if (outputStreams & OUTPUT_STREAM_VIDEO) {
 if (newFile) {
 //fprintf(stderr, "New File: %lld %lld %lld\n", packet.pts, video_st->pts.val, audio_st->pts.val);
 //printf("%lf %lld %lld %lld %lld %lld %lf\n", segment_time, audio_st->pts.val, audio_st->cur_dts, audio_st->cur_pkt.pts, packet.pts, packet.dts, packet.dts * av_q2d(ic->streams[audio_index]->time_base) );
 newFile = 0;
 }
 if (outputStreams == OUTPUT_STREAM_VIDEO)
 ret = av_write_frame(oc, &packet);
 else
 ret = av_interleaved_write_frame(oc, &packet);
 }

 if (ret < 0) {
 fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Could not write frame of stream.\n");
 } else if (ret > 0) {
 fprintf(stderr, "End of stream requested.\n");
 av_free_packet(&packet);
 break;
 }

 av_free_packet(&packet);
 } while (!decode_done);

 //make sure all packets are written and then close the last file.
 avio_flush(oc->pb);
 av_write_trailer(oc);

 if (video_st && video_st->codec)
 avcodec_close(video_st->codec);

 if (audio_st && audio_st->codec)
 avcodec_close(audio_st->codec);

 for (i = 0; i < oc->nb_streams; i++) {
 av_freep(&oc->streams[i]->codec);
 av_freep(&oc->streams[i]);
 }

 avio_close(oc->pb);
 av_free(oc);

 struct stat st;
 stat(currentOutputFileName, &st);
 output_bytes += st.st_size;


 if (write_index) {
 actual_segment_durations[++last_segment] = (unsigned int) rint(packet_time - prev_segment_time);

 //make sure that the last segment length is not zero
 if (actual_segment_durations[last_segment] == 0)
 actual_segment_durations[last_segment] = 1;

 write_index_file(playlistFilename, tempPlaylistName, segmentLength, actual_segment_durations, baseDirName, baseFileName, baseFileExtension, first_segment, last_segment);

 }

 write_stream_size_file(baseDirName, baseFileName, output_bytes * 8 / segment_time);

 return 0;
}
</outfile></infile>


-
Localization : Add Hindi translation (#2453)
11 novembre 2022, par saurabhsharma2uLocalization : Add Hindi translation (#2453)
* Localisation : Update Hindi (India) translation
* Hindi Translation for Step Method
* HIndi-India Local messages for additional method
* file rename as per ISO 639-1 format
* removed duplicate message, causing the test fail
* removed duplicate "cifES" error message