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• Safari on Mac and IOS 14 Won't Play HTML 5 MP4 Video

  10 mars 2021, par Glen Elkins

  So i have developed a chat application that uses node for the back-end. When a user selects a video on their iphone it usually is .mov format so when it's sent to the node server it's then converted to mp4 with ffmpeg. All that works fine, then if i load up my chat again in Chrome on my mac the video plays just fine as the mp4.

  


  

  


  This screenshot shows the video embed is there, set to mp4 yet it won't play in Safari on my mac or my phone, in fact it just shows the video as 0 seconds long yet i can play it in chrome and also download the mp4 file by accessing the embed url directly.

  


  Any ideas ? I had it convert to mp4 to prevent things like this, but safari doesn't seem to even like mp4 files.

  


  The back-end part that serves the private file is in Symfony 4 (PHP) :

  


  /**
     * @Route("/private/files/download/{base64Path}", name="downloadFile")
     * @param string $base64Path
     * @param Request $request
     * @return Response
     */
    public function downloadFile(string $base64Path, Request $request) : Response
    {


        // get token
        if(!$token = $request->query->get('token')){
            return new Response('Access Denied',403);
        }



        /** @var UserRepository $userRepo */
        $userRepo = $this->getDoctrine()->getRepository(User::class);

        /** @var User $user */
        if(!$user = $userRepo->findOneBy(['deleted'=>false,'active'=>true,'systemUser'=>false,'apiKey'=>$token])){
            return new Response('Access Denied',403);
        }



        // get path
        if($path = base64_decode($base64Path)){

            // make sure the folder we need exists
            $fullPath = $this->getParameter('private_upload_folder') . '/' . $path;



            if(!file_exists($fullPath)){
                return new Response('File Not Found',404);
            }

        

            $response = new Response();
            $response->headers->set('Content-Type', mime_content_type($fullPath));
            $response->headers->set('Content-Disposition', 'inline; filename="' . basename($fullPath) . '"');
            $response->headers->set('Content-Length', filesize($fullPath));
            $response->headers->set('Pragma', "no-cache");
            $response->headers->set('Expires', "0");
            $response->headers->set('Content-Transfer-Encoding', "binary");

            $response->sendHeaders();

            $response->setContent(readfile($fullPath));

            return $response;
        }

        return new Response('Invalid Path',404);
    }


  


  This works fine everywhere except safari when trying to embed the video. It's done like this because the videos are not public and need an access token.

  


  UPDATE : Here is a test link of an mp4, you'll have to allow the insecure certificate as it's on a quick test sub domain. If you open it in chrome, you'll see a 3 second video of my 3d printer curing station, if you load the same link in safari, you'll see it doesn't work

  


  https://tester.nibbrstaging.com/private/files/download/Y2hhdC83Nzk1Y2U2MC04MDFmLTExZWItYjkzYy1lZjI4ZGYwMDhkOTMubXA0?token=6ab1720bfe922d44208c25f655d61032

  


  The server runs on cPanel with Apache and i think it might be something to do with the video needs streaming ?

  


  UPDATED CODE THAT WORKS IN SAFARI BUT NOW BROKEN IN CHROME :

  


  Chrome is now giving Content-Length : 0 but it's working fine in safari.

  


  public function downloadFile(string $base64Path, Request $request) : ?Response
    {

        ob_clean();

        // get token
        if(!$token = $request->query->get('token')){
            return new Response('Access Denied',403);
        }


        

        /** @var UserRepository $userRepo */
        $userRepo = $this->getDoctrine()->getRepository(User::class);

        /** @var User $user */
        if(!$user = $userRepo->findOneBy(['deleted'=>false,'active'=>true,'systemUser'=>false,'apiKey'=>$token])){
            return new Response('Access Denied',403);
        }



        // get path
        if($path = base64_decode($base64Path)){

            // make sure the folder we need exists
            $fullPath = $this->getParameter('private_upload_folder') . '/' . $path;



            if(!file_exists($fullPath)){
                return new Response('File Not Found',404);
            }


            $filesize = filesize($fullPath);
            $mime = mime_content_type($fullPath);

            header('Content-Type: ' . $mime);

            if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_RANGE'])){

                // Parse the range header to get the byte offset
                $ranges = array_map(
                    'intval', // Parse the parts into integer
                    explode(
                        '-', // The range separator
                        substr($_SERVER['HTTP_RANGE'], 6) // Skip the `bytes=` part of the header
                    )
                );



                // If the last range param is empty, it means the EOF (End of File)
                if(!$ranges[1]){
                    $ranges[1] = $filesize - 1;
                }

                header('HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content');
                header('Accept-Ranges: bytes');
                header('Content-Length: ' . ($ranges[1] - $ranges[0])); // The size of the range

                // Send the ranges we offered
                header(
                    sprintf(
                        'Content-Range: bytes %d-%d/%d', // The header format
                        $ranges[0], // The start range
                        $ranges[1], // The end range
                        $filesize // Total size of the file
                    )
                );

                // It's time to output the file
                $f = fopen($fullPath, 'rb'); // Open the file in binary mode
                $chunkSize = 8192; // The size of each chunk to output

                // Seek to the requested start range
                fseek($f, $ranges[0]);

                // Start outputting the data
                while(true){
                    // Check if we have outputted all the data requested
                    if(ftell($f) >= $ranges[1]){
                        break;
                    }

                    // Output the data
                    echo fread($f, $chunkSize);

                    // Flush the buffer immediately
                    @ob_flush();
                    flush();
                }
            }else{

                // It's not a range request, output the file anyway
                header('Content-Length: ' . $filesize);

                // Read the file
                @readfile($filesize);

                // and flush the buffer
                @ob_flush();
                flush();



            }

        }else {

            return new Response('Invalid Path', 404);
        }
    }


  


  I have notice in chrome that it's sending the range header like this :

  


  Range : bytes=611609-

  


  Where safari sends

  


  Range : bytes=611609-61160

  


  So for some reason chrome is missing the second range amount, that obviously means my code can't find a range number for the second one.

  


  Doesn’t matter what I do I can’t get it working in both chrome and safari. Safari wants the byte range part , chrome seems to request it then sends a new request for the full file but even the full file part of the code gives a 500 error. If I take out the byte range bit then it works fine in chrome but not safari.

  


  UPDATE :

  


  Here is some strange things going on in chrome :

  


  For the video i am testing with it makes 3 range requests :

  


  REQUEST 1 HEADERS - asking for bytes 0- (to the end of the file)

  


  GET /private/files/download/Y2hhdC83Nzk1Y2U2MC04MDFmLTExZWItYjkzYy1lZjI4ZGYwMDhkOTMubXA0?token=6ab1720bfe922d44208c25f655d61032 HTTP/1.1

Connection: keep-alive
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/88.0.4324.192 Safari/537.36
Accept-Encoding: identity;q=1, *;q=0
Accept: */*
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-site
Sec-Fetch-Mode: no-cors
Sec-Fetch-Dest: video
Referer: https://gofollow.vip/
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9
Range: bytes=0-


  


  RESPONSE GIVES IT BACK ALL THE BYTES IN THE FILE AS THAT'S WHAT WAS ASKED FOR BY CHROME :

  


  HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content
Date: Wed, 10 Mar 2021 12:35:54 GMT
Server: Apache
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 611609
Content-Range: bytes 0-611609/611610
Vary: User-Agent
Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=100
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Type: video/mp4


  


  SECOND REQUEST HEADERS : NOW IT'S ASKING FOR 589824 to the end of the file :

  


  Connection: keep-alive
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/88.0.4324.192 Safari/537.36
Accept-Encoding: identity;q=1, *;q=0
Accept: */*
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-site
Sec-Fetch-Mode: no-cors
Sec-Fetch-Dest: video
Referer: https://gofollow.vip/
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9
Range: bytes=589824-


  


  RESPONSE OBLIGES :

  


  HTTP/1.1 206 Partial Content
Date: Wed, 10 Mar 2021 12:35:55 GMT
Server: Apache
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 21785
Content-Range: bytes 589824-611609/611610
Vary: User-Agent
Keep-Alive: timeout=5, max=99
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Type: video/mp4


  


  THEN IT'S MAKING THIS 3rd REQUEST THAT GIVES AN INTERNAL SERVER ERORR, THIS TIME IT'S LITERALLY ASKING FOR THE LAST BYTE :

  


  GET /private/files/download/Y2hhdC83Nzk1Y2U2MC04MDFmLTExZWItYjkzYy1lZjI4ZGYwMDhkOTMubXA0?token=6ab1720bfe922d44208c25f655d61032 HTTP/1.1

Connection: keep-alive
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_6) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/88.0.4324.192 Safari/537.36
Accept-Encoding: identity;q=1, *;q=0
Accept: */*
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-site
Sec-Fetch-Mode: no-cors
Sec-Fetch-Dest: video
Referer: https://gofollow.vip/
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9
Range: bytes=611609-


  


  RESPONSE - THE CONTENT LENGTH IS 0 BECAUSE THERE IS NO DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE REQUESTED BYTES AND THE BYTES RETURNED :

  


  HTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error
Date: Wed, 10 Mar 2021 12:35:56 GMT
Server: Apache
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Cache-Control: max-age=0, must-revalidate, private
X-Frame-Options: DENY
X-XSS-Protection: 1
X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
Referrer-Policy: origin
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains
Expires: Wed, 10 Mar 2021 12:35:56 GMT
Content-Length: 0
Content-Range: bytes 611609-611609/611610
Vary: User-Agent
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8


  


• How to encode a video from several images generated in a C++ program without writing the separate frame images to disk ?

  29 janvier 2016, par ksb496

  I am writing a C++ code where a sequence of N different frames is generated after performing some operations implemented therein. After each frame is completed, I write it on the disk as IMG_%d.png, and finally I encode them to a video through ffmpeg using the x264 codec.

  The summarized pseudocode of the main part of the program is the following one :

  std::vector<int> B(width*height*3);
  
  for (i=0; i/ void generateframe(std::vector<int> &amp;, int)
  
    generateframe(B, i); // Returns different images for different i values.
  
    sprintf(s, "IMG_%d.png", i+1);
  
    WriteToDisk(B, s); // void WriteToDisk(std::vector<int>, char[])
  
  }
  
  </int></int></int>

  The problem of this implementation is that the number of desired frames, N, is usually high (N 100000) as well as the resolution of the pictures (1920x1080), resulting into an overload of the disk, producing write cycles of dozens of GB after each execution.

  In order to avoid this, I have been trying to find documentation about parsing directly each image stored in the vector B to an encoder such as x264 (without having to write the intermediate image files to the disk). Albeit some interesting topics were found, none of them solved specifically what I exactly want to, as many of them concern the execution of the encoder with existing images files on the disk, whilst others provide solutions for other programming languages such as Python (here you can find a fully satisfactory solution for that platform).

  The pseudocode of what I would like to obtain is something similar to this :

  std::vector<int> B(width*height*3);
  
  video_file=open_video("Generated_Video.mp4", ...[encoder options]...);
  
  for (i=0; icode></int>

  According to what I have read on related topics, the x264 C++ API might be able to do this, but, as stated above, I did not find a satisfactory answer for my specific question. I tried learning and using directly the ffmpeg source code, but both its low ease of use and compilation issues forced me to discard this possibility as a mere non-professional programmer I am (I take it as just as a hobby and unluckily I cannot waste that many time learning something so demanding).

  Another possible solution that came to my mind is to find a way to call the ffmpeg binary file in the C++ code, and somehow manage to transfer the image data of each iteration (stored in B) to the encoder, letting the addition of each frame (that is, not "closing" the video file to write) until the last frame, so that more frames can be added until reaching the N-th one, where the video file will be "closed". In other words, call ffmpeg.exe through the C++ program to write the first frame to a video, but make the encoder "wait" for more frames. Then call again ffmpeg to add the second frame and make the encoder "wait" again for more frames, and so on until reaching the last frame, where the video will be finished. However, I do not know how to proceed or if it is actually possible.

  Edit 1 :

  As suggested in the replies, I have been documenting about named pipes and tried to use them in my code. First of all, it should be remarked that I am working with Cygwin, so my named pipes are created as they would be created under Linux. The modified pseudocode I used (including the corresponding system libraries) is the following one :

  FILE *fd;
  
  mkfifo("myfifo", 0666);
  
  
  
  for (i=0; i/ void WriteToPipe(std::vector<int>, FILE *&amp;fd)
  
    fflush(fd);
  
    fd=fclose("myfifo");
  
  }
  
  unlink("myfifo");
  
  </int>

  WriteToPipe is a slight modification of the previous WriteToFile function, where I made sure that the write buffer to send the image data is small enough to fit the pipe buffering limitations.

  Then I compile and write the following command in the Cygwin terminal :

  ./myprogram | ffmpeg -i pipe:myfifo -c:v libx264 -preset slow -crf 20 Video.mp4

  However, it remains stuck at the loop when i=0 at the "fopen" line (that is, the first fopen call). If I had not called ffmpeg it would be natural as the server (my program) would be waiting for a client program to connect to the "other side" of the pipe, but it is not the case. It looks like they cannot be connected through the pipe somehow, but I have not been able to find further documentation in order to overcome this issue. Any suggestion ?

• Convert *.hdr sequences to HDR10 videos ffmpeg

  3 mars 2021, par kmd999

  I have some *.hdr sequences, and I would like to convert them to HDR10 videos.
I have tried using FFmpeg but FFMPEG errors that it can't find videos.

  


  ffmpeg -r 60 -i %d.hdr -pix_fmt yuv444p10le -c:v libx265   \
-x265-params hdr-opt=1:repeat-headers=1:colorprim=bt2020:transfer=smpte2084:colormatrix=bt2020nc:max-cll=0,0 \
-crf 25 -preset veryfast t.mp4


  


  This is what I tried. I think this is generally the code to convert to HDR10 videos. I didn't put master-display there because I don't have information. I wonder if master-display is needed.

  


  I also wonder since this *hdr sequence is likely sRGB, what happens if I specify it to be bt2020 ?