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• How to convert H264 RTP stream from PCAP to a playable video file

  21 août 2014, par yoosha

  I have captured stream of H264 in PCAP files and trying to create media files from the data. The container is not important (avi,mp4,mkv,…).
  When I’m using videosnarf or rtpbreak (combined with python code that adds 00 00 00 01 before each packet) and then ffmpeg, the result is OK only if the input frame rate is constant (or near constant). However, when the input is vfr, the result plays too fast (and on same rare cases too slow).
  For example :

  videosnarf -i captured.pcap –c
  ffmpeg -i H264-media-1.264 output.avi

  After doing some investigation of the issue I believe now that since the videosnarf (and rtpbreak) are removing the RTP header from the packets, the timestamp is lost and ffmpeg is referring to the input data as cbr.

  1. I would like to know if there is a way to pass (on a separate file ?)
     the timestamps vector or any other information to ffmpeg so the
     result will be created correctly ?
  2. Is there any other way I can take the data out of the PCAP file and play it or convert it and then play it ?
  3. Since all work is done in Python, any suggestion of libraries/modules that can help with the work (even if requires some codding) is welcome as well.

  Note : All work is done offline, no limitations on the output. It can be cbr/vbr, any playable container and transcoding. The only "limitation" I have : it should all run on linux…

  Thanks
  Y

  Some additional information :
  Since the nothing provides the FFMPEG with the timestamp data, i decided to try a different approach : skip videosnarf and use Python code to pipe the packets directly to ffmpeg (using the "-f -i -" options) but then it refuses to accept it unless I provide an SDP file...
  How do I provide the SDP file ? is it an additional input file ? ("-i config.sdp")

  The following code is an unsuccessful try doing the above :

  import time  
  
  import sys  
  
  import shutil  
  
  import subprocess  
  
  import os  
  
  import dpkt  
  
  
  
  if len(sys.argv) < 2:  
  
      print "argument required!"  
  
      print "txpcap <pcap file="file">"  
  
      sys.exit(2)  
  
  pcap_full_path = sys.argv[1]  
  
  
  
  ffmp_cmd = ['ffmpeg','-loglevel','debug','-y','-i','109c.sdp','-f','rtp','-i','-','-na','-vcodec','copy','p.mp4']  
  
  
  
  ffmpeg_proc = subprocess.Popen(ffmp_cmd,stdout = subprocess.PIPE,stdin = subprocess.PIPE)  
  
  
  
  with open(pcap_full_path, "rb") as pcap_file:  
  
      pcapReader = dpkt.pcap.Reader(pcap_file)  
  
      for ts, data in pcapReader:  
  
          if len(data) &lt; 49:  
  
              continue  
  
          ffmpeg_proc.stdin.write(data[42:])
  
  
  
  sout, err = ffmpeg_proc.communicate()  
  
  print "stdout ---------------------------------------"  
  
  print sout  
  
  print "stderr ---------------------------------------"  
  
  print err  
  
  </pcap>

  In general this will pipe the packets from the PCAP file to the following command :

  ffmpeg -loglevel debug -y -i 109c.sdp -f rtp -i - -na -vcodec copy p.mp4

  SDP file : [RTP includes dynamic payload type # 109, H264]

  v=0
  o=- 0 0 IN IP4 ::1
  s=No Name
  c=IN IP4 ::1
  t=0 0
  a=tool:libavformat 53.32.100
  m=video 0 RTP/AVP 109
  a=rtpmap:109 H264/90000
  a=fmtp:109
  packetization-mode=1 ;profile-level-id=64000c ;sprop-parameter-sets=Z2QADKwkpAeCP6wEQAAAAwBAAAAFI8UKkg==,aMvMsiw= ;
  b=AS:200

  Results :

  ffmpeg version 0.10.2 Copyright (c) 2000-2012 the FFmpeg developers
  built on Mar 20 2012 04:34:50 with gcc 4.4.6 20110731 (Red Hat
  4.4.6-3) configuration : —prefix=/usr —libdir=/usr/lib64 —shlibdir=/usr/lib64 —mandir=/usr/share/man —enable-shared —enable-runtime-cpudetect —enable-gpl —enable-version3 —enable-postproc —enable-avfilter —enable-pthreads —enable-x11grab —enable-vdpau —disable-avisynth —enable-frei0r —enable-libopencv —enable-libdc1394 —enable-libdirac —enable-libgsm —enable-libmp3lame —enable-libnut —enable-libopencore-amrnb —enable-libopencore-amrwb —enable-libopenjpeg —enable-librtmp —enable-libschroedinger —enable-libspeex —enable-libtheora —enable-libvorbis —enable-libvpx —enable-libx264 —enable-libxavs —enable-libxvid —extra-cflags=’-O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector —param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -fPIC’ —disable-stripping libavutil 51. 35.100 / 51. 35.100 libavcodec 53. 61.100 / 53. 61.100 libavformat 53. 32.100
  / 53. 32.100 libavdevice 53. 4.100 / 53. 4.100
  libavfilter 2. 61.100 / 2. 61.100 libswscale 2. 1.100
  / 2. 1.100 libswresample 0. 6.100 / 0. 6.100
  libpostproc 52. 0.100 / 52. 0.100 [sdp @ 0x15c0c00] Format sdp
  probed with size=2048 and score=50 [sdp @ 0x15c0c00] video codec set
  to : h264 [NULL @ 0x15c7240] RTP Packetization Mode : 1 [NULL @
  0x15c7240] RTP Profile IDC : 64 Profile IOP : 0 Level : c [NULL @
  0x15c7240] Extradata set to 0x15c78e0 (size : 36) !error,_recognition
  separate : 1 ; 1 [h264 @ 0x15c7240] error,_recognition combined : 1 ;
  10001 [sdp @ 0x15c0c00] decoding for stream 0 failed [sdp @
  0x15c0c00] Could not find codec parameters (Video : h264) [sdp @
  0x15c0c00] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
  109c.sdp : could not find codec parameters Traceback (most recent
  call last) : File "./ffpipe.py", line 26, in
  ffmpeg_proc.stdin.write(data[42 :]) IOError : [Errno 32] Broken pipe

  (forgive the mass above, the editor keep on complaining about code that is not indented OK ??)

  I’m working on this issue for days... any help/suggestion/hint will be appreciated.

• Merge commit '6c916192f3d7441f5896f6c0fe151874fcd91fe4'

  9 avril 2017, par Clément Bœsch

  Merge commit '6c916192f3d7441f5896f6c0fe151874fcd91fe4'
  * commit '6c916192f3d7441f5896f6c0fe151874fcd91fe4' :
  
    mimic : Convert to the new bitstream reader
  
    metasound : Convert to the new bitstream reader
  
    lagarith : Convert to the new bitstream reader
  
    indeo : Convert to the new bitstream reader
  
    imc : Convert to the new bitstream reader
  
    webp : Convert to the new bitstream reader
  This merge is a noop, see
  
  http://ffmpeg.org/pipermail/ffmpeg-devel/2017-April/209609.html
  Merged-by : Clément Bœsch <u@pkh.me>
  

• C++ ffmpeg and SDL2 video rendering memory leak

  10 avril 2017, par kj192

  I have made a small program what plays a video in SDL2.0 and FFmpeg.
  The software does work and do it is purpose.
  I have left the software running and I have faced a huge memory consumption and started to look online what can I do against it.
  I have used the following tutorials :
  http://www.developersite.org/906-59411-FFMPEG
  http://ardrone-ailab-u-tokyo.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/212-ardrone-20-video-decording-ffmpeg.html

  I wonder if someone can give advice what do I do wrong. I have tried valgrind but I can’t find any information. I have did try to comment out sections and what I have seen even if I’m not rendering to the display the memory usage is growing and after delete something still not been freed up :

  if (av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, &packet) >= 0) 

  the whole source code is here :
  main :

  #include 
  
  #include <ios>
  
  #include <iostream>
  
  #include <fstream>
  
  #include 
  
  #include <sdl2></sdl2>SDL.h>
  
  #include "video.h"
  
  using namespace std;
  
  
  
  void memory()
  
  {
  
  using std::ios_base;
  
  using std::ifstream;
  
  using std::string;
  
  
  
  double vm_usage     = 0.0;
  
  double resident_set = 0.0;
  
  
  
  // 'file' stat seems to give the most reliable results
  
  //
  
  ifstream stat_stream("/proc/self/stat",ios_base::in);
  
  
  
  // dummy vars for leading entries in stat that we don't care about
  
  //
  
  string pid, comm, state, ppid, pgrp, session, tty_nr;
  
  string tpgid, flags, minflt, cminflt, majflt, cmajflt;
  
  string utime, stime, cutime, cstime, priority, nice;
  
  string O, itrealvalue, starttime;
  
  
  
  // the two fields we want
  
  //
  
  unsigned long vsize;
  
  long rss;
  
  
  
  stat_stream >> pid >> comm >> state >> ppid >> pgrp >> session >> tty_nr
  
              >> tpgid >> flags >> minflt >> cminflt >> majflt >> cmajflt
  
              >> utime >> stime >> cutime >> cstime >> priority >> nice
  
              >> O >> itrealvalue >> starttime >> vsize >> rss; // don't care about the rest
  
  
  
  stat_stream.close();
  
  
  
  long page_size_kb = sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE) / 1024; // in case x86-64 is configured to use 2MB pages
  
  vm_usage     = vsize / 1024.0;
  
  resident_set = rss * page_size_kb;
  
  std::cout&lt;&lt;"VM: " &lt;&lt; vm_usage &lt;&lt; " RE:"&lt;&lt; resident_set &lt;&lt; std::endl;
  
  }
  
  
  
  
  
  int main()
  
  {
  
  //This example using 1280x800 video
  
  av_register_all();
  
  if( SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_AUDIO | SDL_INIT_TIMER ))
  
  {
  
      fprintf(stderr, "Could not initialize SDL - %s\n", SDL_GetError());
  
      exit(1);
  
  }
  
  SDL_Window* sdlWindow = SDL_CreateWindow("Video Window", SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED, 1280, 800, SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL);
  
  if( !sdlWindow )
  
  {
  
      fprintf(stderr, "SDL: could not set video mode - exiting\n");
  
      exit(1);
  
  }
  
  SDL_Renderer* sdlRenderer = SDL_CreateRenderer(sdlWindow, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED | SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC | SDL_RENDERER_TARGETTEXTURE);
  
  SDL_Texture* sdlTexture = SDL_CreateTexture(sdlRenderer, SDL_PIXELFORMAT_YV12, SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_STREAMING, 1280, 800);
  
  if(!sdlTexture)
  
  {
  
      return -1;
  
  }
  
  SDL_SetTextureBlendMode(sdlTexture,SDL_BLENDMODE_BLEND );
  
  //VIDEO RESOLUTION
  
  SDL_Rect sdlRect;
  
  sdlRect.x = 0;
  
  sdlRect.y = 0;
  
  sdlRect.w = 1280;
  
  sdlRect.h = 800;    
  
  memory();
  
  for(int i = 1; i &lt; 6; i++)
  
  {
  
      memory();   
  
      video* vid = new video("vid.mp4");  
  
      while (!vid -> getFinished())
  
      {
  
          memory();
  
          vid -> Update(sdlTexture);
  
          SDL_RenderCopy(sdlRenderer,sdlTexture,&amp;sdlRect,&amp;sdlRect);
  
          SDL_RenderPresent(sdlRenderer);
  
      }
  
      delete vid;
  
      memory();
  
  }   
  
  SDL_DestroyTexture(sdlTexture);
  
  SDL_DestroyRenderer(sdlRenderer);
  
  SDL_DestroyWindow(sdlWindow);
  
  SDL_Quit();
  
  return 0;
  
  }
  
  </fstream></iostream></ios>

  video.cpp

  #include "video.h"
  
  
  
  video::video(const std::string& name) : _finished(false)
  
  {
  
  av_register_all();
  
  pFormatCtx = NULL;
  
  pCodecCtxOrig = NULL;
  
  pCodecCtx = NULL;
  
  pCodec = NULL;
  
  pFrame = NULL;
  
  sws_ctx = NULL;
  
  if (avformat_open_input(&pFormatCtx, name.c_str(), NULL, NULL) != 0)
  
  {
  
  _finished = true; // Couldn't open file
  
  }
  
  // Retrieve stream information
  
  if (avformat_find_stream_info(pFormatCtx, NULL) < 0)
  
  {
  
  _finished = true; // Couldn't find stream information
  
  }
  
  videoStream = -1;
  
  for (i = 0; i < pFormatCtx->nb_streams; i++)
  
  {
  
      if (pFormatCtx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) 
  
      {
  
          videoStream = i;
  
          break;
  
      }
  
  }
  
  if (videoStream == -1)
  
  {
  
      _finished = true; // Didn't find a video stream
  
  }
  
  // Get a pointer to the codec context for the video stream
  
  pCodecCtxOrig = pFormatCtx->streams[videoStream]->codec;
  
  // Find the decoder for the video stream
  
  pCodec = avcodec_find_decoder(pCodecCtxOrig->codec_id);
  
  if (pCodec == NULL) 
  
  {
  
      fprintf(stderr, "Unsupported codec!\n");
  
      _finished = true; // Codec not found
  
  }
  
  pCodecCtx = avcodec_alloc_context3(pCodec);
  
  if (avcodec_copy_context(pCodecCtx, pCodecCtxOrig) != 0) 
  
  {
  
      fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't copy codec context");
  
      _finished = true; // Error copying codec context
  
  }
  
  // Open codec
  
  if (avcodec_open2(pCodecCtx, pCodec, NULL) < 0)
  
  {
  
      _finished = true; // Could not open codec
  
  }
  
  // Allocate video frame
  
  pFrame = av_frame_alloc();
  
  sws_ctx = sws_getContext(pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height,
  
  pCodecCtx->pix_fmt, pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height,
  
  AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,
  
  SWS_BILINEAR,
  
  NULL,
  
  NULL,
  
  NULL);
  
  yPlaneSz = pCodecCtx->width * pCodecCtx->height;
  
  uvPlaneSz = pCodecCtx->width * pCodecCtx->height / 4;
  
  yPlane = (Uint8*)malloc(yPlaneSz);
  
  uPlane = (Uint8*)malloc(uvPlaneSz);
  
  vPlane = (Uint8*)malloc(uvPlaneSz);
  
  if (!yPlane || !uPlane || !vPlane) 
  
  {
  
      fprintf(stderr, "Could not allocate pixel buffers - exiting\n");
  
      exit(1);
  
  }
  
  uvPitch = pCodecCtx->width / 2;
  
  }
  
  void video::Update(SDL_Texture* texture)
  
  {
  
  if (av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, &packet) >= 0) 
  
  {
  
      // Is this a packet from the video stream?
  
      if (packet.stream_index == videoStream) 
  
      {
  
          avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &frameFinished, &packet);
  
          // Did we get a video frame?
  
          if (frameFinished) 
  
          {
  
              AVPicture pict;
  
              pict.data[0] = yPlane;
  
              pict.data[1] = uPlane;
  
              pict.data[2] = vPlane;
  
              pict.linesize[0] = pCodecCtx->width;
  
              pict.linesize[1] = uvPitch;
  
              pict.linesize[2] = uvPitch;
  
              // Convert the image into YUV format that SDL uses
  
              sws_scale(sws_ctx, (uint8_t const * const *) pFrame->data,pFrame->linesize, 0, pCodecCtx->height, pict.data,pict.linesize);
  
              SDL_UpdateYUVTexture(texture,NULL,yPlane,pCodecCtx->width,uPlane,uvPitch,vPlane,uvPitch);
  
          }
  
      }
  
      // Free the packet that was allocated by av_read_frame
  
      av_packet_unref(&packet);
  
      av_freep(&packet);
  
  }
  
  else
  
  {
  
      av_packet_unref(&packet);
  
      av_freep(&packet);
  
      _finished = true;
  
  }
  
  }
  
  bool video::getFinished()
  
  {
  
  return _finished;
  
  }
  
  video::~video()
  
  {
  
  av_packet_unref(&packet);
  
  av_freep(&packet);
  
  av_frame_free(&pFrame);
  
  av_freep(&pFrame);
  
  free(yPlane);
  
  free(uPlane);
  
  free(vPlane);
  
  // Close the codec
  
  avcodec_close(pCodecCtx);
  
  avcodec_close(pCodecCtxOrig);
  
  sws_freeContext(sws_ctx);
  
  // Close the video file
  
  for (int i = 0; i < pFormatCtx->nb_streams; i++) 
  
  {
  
      AVStream *stream = pFormatCtx->streams[i];
  
      avcodec_close(stream->codec);
  
  }
  
  avformat_close_input(&pFormatCtx);
  
  /*av_dict_free(&optionsDict);   
  
  sws_freeContext(sws_ctx);
  
  av_free_packet(&packet);
  
  av_free(pFrameYUV);
  
  av_free(buffer);
  
  avcodec_close(pCodecCtx);
  
  avformat_close_input(&pFormatCtx);*/
  
  }

  video.h
  

  #include <string>
  
  #include <sdl2></sdl2>SDL.h>
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus
  
  extern "C" {
  
  #endif
  
  #include <libavcodec></libavcodec>avcodec.h> 
  
  #include <libavformat></libavformat>avformat.h>
  
  #include <libswscale></libswscale>swscale.h>
  
  #ifdef __cplusplus 
  
  }
  
  #endif
  
  
  
  class video
  
  {
  
     private:
  
      bool _finished;
  
      AVFormatContext *pFormatCtx;
  
      int videoStream;
  
      unsigned i;
  
      AVCodecContext *pCodecCtxOrig;
  
      AVCodecContext *pCodecCtx;
  
      AVCodec *pCodec;
  
      AVFrame *pFrame;
  
      AVPacket packet;
  
      int frameFinished;
  
      struct SwsContext *sws_ctx;
  
      Uint8 *yPlane, *uPlane, *vPlane;
  
      size_t yPlaneSz, uvPlaneSz;
  
      int uvPitch;
  
     public:
  
      video(const std::string&amp; name);
  
      ~video();
  
      void Update(SDL_Texture* texture);
  
      bool getFinished();
  
  };
  
  </string>

  I’m looking forward to your answers